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1、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.),形容词：用于修饰名词或代词，描述被修饰成分的性质、特征、状态或属性等。Eg.This is a good book.(修饰名词book)She is beautiful.(修饰代词she),副词：主要用于修饰动词、形容词和副词，描述被修饰成分的特征或状态。Eg.Jim plays basketball well.(修饰动词play)She is very beautiful.(修饰形容词beautiful)Jim plays basketball very well.(修饰副词well),形容词和副词的比较等级（假设A和B为进行比较的人或事物）,1、原级：
2、使用形容词或副词原形，表示A与B一样（或不一样）。,2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B二者相比哪一个更。,3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最。,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成,1.一般在词尾后加 er 或est.tall-taller-tallest long-longer-longest young-younger-youngest soon-sooner-soonest clever-cleverer-cleverest fast-faster-fastest cold-colder-coldest near-nearer-near
3、est bright-brighter-brightest short-shorter-shortest new-newer-newest high-higher-highest low-lower-lowest slow-slower-slowest 2.以不发音 的元音“e”结尾的形容词,加er或est.close-closer-closest strange-stranger-strangest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest wide-wider-widest white-whiter-whitest nice-nicer-nicest l
4、ate-later-latest,3.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的形容词,先把“y”变为“i”,再加er或est.angry-angrier-angriest busy-busier-busiest cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest early-earlier-earliest easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest heavy-heavier-heaviest.以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，应 先写双这一个辅音字母，再加er或est.big-bigger-bigges
5、t thin-thinner-thinnest fat-fatter-fattest wet-wetter-wettest hot-hotter-hottest red-redder-reddest,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成1）规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词词尾加er/est变为比较级/最高级。加er/est方法与动词变过去式加ed方法相同。Eg.tall taller/tallest nice nicer/nicest big bigger/biggest easy easier/easiest clever cleverer/cleverest(clever双音节)多音节词和一些
6、双音节词在该词前加more/most变为比较级/最高级。以ly结尾的副词除early以及不规则变化外，也应加more/most。Eg.interesting more/most interesting careful more/most careful slowly more/most slowly,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成2）不规则变化 good/well better,best bad/badly/ill worse,worst many/much more,most little less,least*old older,oldest 年长的；老的；旧的 elder,eldest
7、（亲戚关系中）年长的*far farther,farthest 远的 further,furthest 远的（有更加、进一步的含义）补充说明：few fewer,fewest friendly friendlier,friendliest(adj.)more/most friendly often more/most often,Exercises:请将下列词变成比较级和最高级,bright-long-late-wide-angry-popular-quickly-good-bad-,brighter,brightest,longer,longest,later,latest,wider,wi
8、dest,angrier,angriest,more/most popular,more/most quickly,better,best,worse,worst,形容词或副词各比较等级的基本用法,1、原级：使用形容词或副词原形，表示A与B一样（或不一样）。主要用于A as/(not so)as B 结构。Eg.1)Jim is as tall as Mike.Jim is not so tall as Mike.2)Jim works as hard as Mike.Jim doesnt work so hard as Mike.,2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B 二者相比
9、哪一个更。主要用于A than B 结构。Eg.1)Jim is taller than Mike.2)Jim works harder than Mike.比较级用法扩展,比较级用法扩展1）比较级前面可以有much,a little,a lot,even等修饰语。This book is much better than that one.好得多2）比较级比较级，表示越来越 hotter and hotter 越来越热 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮3）than 后面的人称代词用主格或宾格都可以。He is taller than I(am).He is tall
10、er than me.补充：He is the taller of the two boys.,3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最。主要用于the in/among/of+所包含人或事物的数量3的集合短语结构。Eg.1)Jim is the tallest in our class.2)Jim works(the)hardest of all the boys.最高级用法扩展,最高级用法扩展形容词最高级前的the在以下几种情况下可以省略：1）该形容词前有物主代词或名词所有格。He is my/Jims best friend.2）比较含义模糊。We ar
11、e busiest on Monday.This is a most interesting book.这里的most相当于very。补充：China is one of the most beautiful countries.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,Exercises:根据所给提示词填空。My house is _(large)than Jims.Today is much _(warm)than yesterday.Which book is _(interesting),this one or tha
12、t one?Kate is _(good)than me at English.Who is _(tall)boy in your class?Mike runs _(fast)of all the students.I have _(much)money than you.8.Yesterday was my _(happy)day in my life.9.My brother is not so _(strong)as me.10.Mr Smith is the _(short)of the two men.,larger,warmer,more interesting,better,t
13、he tallest,(the)fastest,more,happiest,strong,shorter,观察下列各句，辨别括号中单词的词类。1.He is a(fast)worker.2.He works very(fast.)3.Thats a(hard)math problem.4.You have to work(hard)at your lessons 5.I feel(better)now.6.He plays football(better)than I.7.Tom draws(worse)than his brother.8.He was(worse)than his brot
14、her.9.Of all the boys,he reads(best.)10.Of all the boys,he is the(best.)11.That plane flew(high)that day.,12.That plane is(high)in the sky now.13.A(straight)line is the shortest between 2 points.14.Stand(straight).15.He always speaks in a(low)voice.16.He is a clever businessman.He always buys(low)an
15、d sells high.17.At the end of the streeet,there is a(low)wall.18.We didnt go(far)because we knew that famous place was too(far)away.19.He is a(slow)boy.Hes always(slow)to make up his mind.And he even likes to take a(slow)train when he travel.20.Please tell the driver to go(slower).21.The(last)time I saw you was the last Sunday in June.,22.She was very well when I(last)saw her.23.The train was ten minutes(late).24.He arrived home(late)last night and he got up late this morning.25.Not many people write with the(left)hand.26.Please turn(left)now.,
