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1、Grammar,The Attributive Clause,（定语从句）,定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,分词,不定式,介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词,介词短语为例）,The girl behind the tree is Kate.,(介词短语作定语),(现在分词作定语),The man driving too fast was drunk.,The boy named Tom is my classmate.,(过去分词作定语),Sixteen-year-old kids should study hard first.,(数词作定语),(不定式作定语),I have too
2、much homework to do.,a lovely girl 一个可爱的女孩 a girl who likes purple 一个喜欢紫色的女孩 注意：形容词做定语修饰名词，一般放在名词之前；从句作定语修饰名词，则放在名词之后。下面我们具体了解定语从句。,lovely是形容词做定语来修饰名词girl.,who likes purple 是句子来修饰girl,作用与lovely相同做定语,称之为定语从句,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。,discussion,What clothes do you like?,I like clothes that are comfortab
3、le.I like clothes that _.,I like music.,Most people like the music.,I like music,that most people like.,that 修饰先行词 musicthat 在从句中做宾语.(可以省略),定语从句I,I like singers.,The singers sing the words clearly.,I like singers,who sing the words clearly.,who 修饰先行词 singerswho 在从句中做主语.(不能省),定语从句II,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,I
4、 love music that is sweet and beautiful.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,I love music.,The music is sweet and beautiful.,I like music.,I can sing along with the music.,I like music,that I can sing along with,先行词,关系词,定语从句,He has a friend.,The friend can speak English,He has a friend who can speak English,先行词,关系词,定语从句,T
5、his is the present(that)he gave me for my birthday.,Do you know everybody who came to the party?,定语从句III,Rosa likes music thats quiet and gentle.Rosa喜欢轻柔的音乐。2.I like music that I can sing along with.我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐3.I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢能自己作曲的歌星,请用that or who 并成一句1.I like music.Th
6、e music is loud and exciting._2.She loves movies.The movies are romantic._,I like music that is loud and exciting.,She loves movies that are romantic.,have a try,Ex.I,3.Tony has a good friend.The friend can speak English well._4.Jim reads books.The books are written in English._,Tony has a good frie
7、nd who can speak English well.,have a try,Jim reads books that are written in English.,Ex.I,5.We have a good teacher.The teacher is very beautiful._6.I love songs.Zhou Jielun singsthe songs_,We have a good teacher who is very beautiful,I love songs that Zhou Jielun sings.,have a try,Ex.I,中考聚焦：1Georg
8、e Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing.(2003杭州）A who B he C which.2 The police caught the man_ stole my handbag.（2003扬州中考题）A he B that C which 3 The dress _ she is wearing today was a birthday present from her aunt.A what B it C this D that.（2003连云港）,A,B,D,Ex.II,4 With the money _
9、he had saved,he went on with his studies at school.A what B that C.who D.where（03常州）5 The songs _ Beetles sang were very popular.（2003徐州中考题）A which B who C whose.6 This years Olympics are special because the Games are coming back to the country _ they started in.(2004怀化市中考题）A as B when C there D whi
10、ch.,B,A,D,Ex.II,7 Im looking at the picture_ you sent me with your letter.（2004杭州中考题）A.who B.which C.it 8.The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.（2004常州）A who B where C what D that.9 She is the only person _ I met yesterday.A that B who C which,B,D,A,Ex.II,将两句并成一个带定语从句的复合句1 在车祸
11、中受伤的那个女孩现正在医院里 A girl was injured in the accident.She is now in hospital._.,The girl whothat was injured in the accident is now in the hospital.,Ex.III,2 接电话的那个男人告诉我你出去了 A man answered the phone.He told me you were away_.,The man whothat answered the phone told me you were away.,Ex.III,3 开往机场的公共汽车每半
12、小时一趟。A bus goes to the airport.It runs every half hour._.,A bus thatwhich goes to the airport runs every half hour.,Ex.III,4 招待我们的女服务员既没有礼貌也不耐烦A waitress severed us.She was very impolite and impatient._.,A waitress who severed us was very impolite and impatient,Ex.III,What kind of music do you like?
13、Rosa likes music that is quiet and gentle.I love singers who write their own music.We prefer music that has great lyrics.,ExercisesIV:,A:What kind of pet do you like?B:_(quite unusual)2.A:What kind of music do you like?B:_(I can sing along with).A:What kind of food do you like?B:_(really delicious),
14、I like pets that are quite unusual.,I like music that I can sing along with,I like food that is really delicious,ExercisesIV:,The man is my brother.He is standing under the tree._.I like music.I can sing with it _.He missed the train.He usually catches this train._.Do you know the girl?She is talkin
15、g with the teacher._.Liu Li likes the singers.They can write their own lyrics._.,The man who is staning under the tree is my brother.,I like music that I can sing with.,He missed the train that he usually catches.,Do you know the girl who is talking with the teacher?,Liu Li likes the singer who can
16、write their own lyrics.,Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates._2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese._,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/that teaches us Chinese.,Ex.V,3.I dont like the man.He is smoking._4.Where is the
17、picture?You bought it last week._,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,Ex.V,1.作引导词,2.在定语从句中担任一定的成分;,3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句(把主句和从句连起来）,关系代词:who,that,which,whom,whose,关系副词 when where,作用,Grammar,首先要看先行词,如果先行词是指人,关系代词用 who,that,whom,whose如果先行词指物,关系代词可用 which 或
18、that;,关系词判断步骤,Grammar,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,(who作宾语),(who作主语),The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.,The boy who is smiling is Tom.,(who作主语不能省去),The boy who has a round face is Tom.,The boy is Tom.The boy has a round
19、 face.,(who作主语不能省去),2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),The man(whom/who)I talked to is Mr.Li.,The man to whom I talked is Mr.Li.,(whom前有介词to,whom 不能省去。),Grammar,The man is kind.Everyone likes him.,The man(who)everyone likes is kind.,(who=whom),关系代词who/whom在定于从句中作宾语时，常被省去。,the man=him,The woman(whom)we s
20、aw on the street got the job.,The woman got the job.We saw her on the street.,the woman=her,We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher will give us a talk.,The teacher(whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.,注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。,3.whose 是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.,I saw a
21、 woman whose bag was stolen.,(whose 作定语),Grammar,3.whose 是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the book.Its cover is red.,Please show me the book whose cover is red.,Grammar,4.which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省,如介词提前则不能),Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow b
22、ooks?,Grammar,Can you find the pen?I wrote with it just now.,Can you find the pen(which)I wrote with just now?,Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,(which做宾语),which,Grammar,When指时间 where 指地点I never forget that day when we met.The room where I live is very big.,Grammar,Grammar,Part II,在以
23、下情况下只用关系词that,1.指物的先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,2.先行词是 something,nothing,anything 等不定代词时,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只用 that,4.先行词是one of,the one,或用 little,much,few,no,all,some,any,the only,the very,the same,the last 作修饰时,5.当主句已有疑问词 who 或 which时，用that,只能用which，不用that 的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。The meeting was put off,which was exactly
24、 what we wanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导 先行词是物时。The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.,注:who,that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that,1)先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who,2)在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who,关系代词与介词:介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),Grammar,This is the hero(whom)we are
25、 proud of.This is the hero of whom we are proud.This is the hero(that)we are proud of.,The room(that)I live in is very big.,The room(which)I live in is very big.,The room in which I live is very big.,The room where I live is very big.,(做宾语可省去),(介词在前which不能省),(where=in which),Exercises,1.He is the ki
26、nd person _I have ever worked with.,A.who B.whom C.that D./,单项或多项选择,关系代词在句中作宾语。,This is the best film _ I have ever seen.,A.that B./C.which D.who,指物的先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用that。,3.The scientist _ we met yesterday is very famous in the world.,A.who B.thatC.whomD./,关系代词在句中作宾语。,4.The dress _ she is wearing
27、 is new.,A.that B.whichC./D.who,先行词是指物,可用that,which；关系代词在句中作wear 的宾语，可省去。,5.This book is for the students _ native language isnt English.A.that B.which C.whose D.who,whose=the students,6.The boy _ parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.A.whose B.who C.that D./,whose=the boys,7.The man
28、_ is smoking is a bus driver.A.whom B.who C.which D.that,先行词是指人可以用who/that,8.Here is something _ I will tell you.,A.that B./C.which,先行词是 something,nothing,anything 等不定代词时,用that,I can remember well the persons and some pictures_ I see.,A.which B./C.that,先行词既有人也有物时,只能用 that,that 在句中作宾语,可省去,10.Who is t
29、he woman _was praised at the meeting?,A.who B.that C.whose,当主句已有疑问词 who 或 which时，用that,11.There is an old man _wants to see you.,A.who B.that C.which,在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系代词用who,The man is wearing black trousers is my father.A.which B.what C.whom D.who,1.The man is my father.,2.He is wearing black
30、trousers.,4.All I want a room.A.that,isB.what，is C.what,are D.what,are,先行词是all,只能用that.,5.He always does he likes to do.A.that B.what C.which D.where,what=the thing which,典型例题解析,Practice,【例1】The necklace _ you gave me for my birthday.A.who B.where C.which D.what,【例2】Polly was the thief _ stole Mums
31、necklace.A.who B.where C.which D.what,【例3】The one _ he gave me is black.A.who B.that C.which D.what,先行词one为不定代词，关系代词只能用 that.,【例4】The one _ one a thousand dollars turned out to be false.A.which cost B.which spend C.that cost D.that spend,先行词one为不定代词，关系代词只能用 that;cost sb.money,【例5】This is the first a
32、rticle he has written in English.A.which B.that C.who D.what,先行词article被序数词the first 修饰，关系代词只能用 that.,【例6】This is the most interesting story I have heard of.A.which B.that C.who D.what,先行词被最高级the most 修饰，关系代词只能用 that.,Practice,课时训练,.单项选择,1.There is nothing_ I can doA.that B.whichC.who D.what,先行词是 so
33、mething,nothing,anything 等不定代词时，用that,2.Do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?A.who B.whichC.what D.where,3.The boy _ is playing football is my brother.A.which B.who C.what D.where,4.Ill never forget the day _ I first met her.A.what B.who C.which D.when,5.I cant find the book _ my mother bought m
34、e.A.who B.when C.which D.what,6.The film _ I saw yester-day was very interesting.A.who B.whenC.what D.that,7.This is the pan _ I heat the milk.A.which B.whereC.with which D.in which,8.Is there anything _ I can help you?A.that B.which C.who D.what,9.All _ is needed is a few hands to help with the wor
35、k.A.what B.that C.which D.things,10.Is this the factory _you wish to visit?A.that B.whereC.when D.what,11.Im reading a book _ was written by Luxun.A.which B.who C.what D.when,12.I like the teacher _ gave us a talk last week.A.who B.whichC.when D.where,13.This is one of the beautiful mountains _ I ha
36、ve seen before.A.which B.who C.what D.that,14.After 20 years he went back to the city _ he used to live.A.where B.whenC.what D.how,15.Mr Green is only one of those foreigners _ is working in China.A.that B.whichC.whom D.whose,My necklace is not the only thing _ is missing.A.which B.that C.what D.whe
37、re,先行词被only修饰时用，关系代词用that.,17.I hate people _ talked much but do _.A.who,few B.that,few C.which,little D.who,little,18.Ill shoot anyone _ moves.A.which B.whenC.where D.who,先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who，不用that.,19.I dont know the reason _ he was late this morning.A.what B.whenC.why D.who,20.We a
38、re looking for a thief _ parrots and necklaces.A.who like stealing B.who likes stealing C.that like to steal D.which likes to steal,.句型转换,1.Do you know the man?The man is picking up the waste paper.(改为含有定语从句的句子)Do you know the man _ _ up the waste paper.,whos picking,2.I like books.The books are wri
39、tten by Charles Dickens.(改为含有定语从句的句子)I like books _ _ written by Charles Dickens.,which are,3.I want to make friends with the people.They are kind to old people.(改为含有定语从句的句子)I want to make friends with people _ _ _ to old people.,who are kind,4.The novel is very instructive.I read it yesterday.(合并为一
40、句)The novel _I _ yesterday is very instructive.,which,read,5.The girl is very beautiful.The girl is wearing red skirt.(合并为一句)The girl _ _ _ red skirt is very beautiful.,who is wearing,6.Li Lei is the Young Pioneer.He helped the old man find his home.(合并为一句)Li Lei is the Young Pioneer _ _the old man
41、find his home.,who helped,7.Do you like the animal?The animal looks like a big house.(合并为一句)Do you like the animal _ _like a big house.,which/that looks,8.China is a great country that has long history.(改为同义句)China is a great country _ long history.,with,9.The girl in red hat is my sister.(改为同义句)The
42、 girl _ _ _ red hat is my sister.,who is wearing,10.I dont like bikes which have big wheels.(对划线部分提问)_ bikes dont you like?,Which,11.The man who is wearing glasses stole Mrs.Greens necklace.(对划线部分提问)_ _ stole Mrs Greens necklace?,Which man,12.Its a pretty city that doesnt have any motor-bikes.(改为同义句)Its a pretty city _ _ motorbikes.,without,any,See you next time!,
