新版八年级(下)练习解析4.doc

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1、(新版)英语八年级(下)单元练习题解析Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、单项选择( )1. “I dont have enough money to buy the book that is important for my study.”“I think you _ borrow some money from your brother.”A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. have to解析:此题主要练习情态动词的用法 - 根据上下文意义的关联,情态动词在此用于表示建议,排除C/D(must/have to不用于说明建议

2、);should和could用于提出建议时,两者意义没有太多的区别,选用时主要考虑其语气及侧重点:should主要以劝说为主(不仅仅是建议,好包含让听话人一定要按建议去做之意),意为“应当”;could主要以建议为主(仅提供参考意见,是否按建议去做,需自己拿主意),意为“可以”。此处侧重于建议,排除A。( )2. “I had a fight with my best friend last week, and now we dont talk to each other.”“I think you _ say sorry to him first so that you can be fri

3、ends again.”A. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. have to解析:此题主要练习情态动词的用法 - 根据上下文意义的关联,情态动词在此用于表示建议,排除C/D(would/have to不用于说明建议);should和could用于提出建议时,两者意义没有太多的区别,选用时主要考虑其语气及侧重点:should主要以劝说为主(不仅仅是建议,好包含让听话人一定要安建议去做之意),意为“应当”;could主要以建议为主(仅提供参考意见,是否按建议去做,需自己拿主意),意为“可以”。此处侧重于劝说,排除B。( )3. _ ask your teacher for som

4、e suggestions?A. Why dontB. Why youC. Why dont youD. Why you dont解析:此题主要练习句式结构的基本用法 - 借助助动词构成疑问句式时,问句中必须有主语,排除A;介词助动词do构成的疑问句式,助动词do应位于主语前,排除D;么哦有用作宾语从句的问句,wh-词(特殊疑问句)未用作主语时,句式必须为疑问句式(主语前需有特殊动词),排除B。( )4. _ go out for a walk. Its sunny outside.A. How aboutB. Would you likeC. Do you mindD. Why not解析:

5、此题主要练习非谓语动词形式同句式结构的关系 - 此句中的非谓语动词为动词原形(不带to的不定式),因此排除A/C(how about和mind否的非谓语动词应使用-ing形式)和B(would like后的非谓语动词为带to的不定式);why not (= Why dont you/we),之后带动词原形。( )5. Mr. Hunter allowed _ us more free time to do what we like to do.A. giveB. gaveC. givingD. to give解析:此题主要练习非谓语动词的用法 - allow后用作宾语的非谓语动词(紧跟在主动语

6、态形式allow后的动词,其前无表人的词语),必须使用-ing形式。知识要点:allow/suggest/suppose后非谓语动词形式的判定:直接位于其后作宾语(其前无表人的词语)的动词,用-ing形式;位于表人词语后的动词,用不定式;用于其被动语态形式后的动词,用不定式。( )6. My parents dont allow me _ soccer with my friends on school days.A. playB. playedC. playingD. to play解析:此题主要练习非谓语动词的用法 - 用于allow后复合宾语中做宾补的非谓语动词(位于allow后表人词语

7、后的动词)必须使用不定式。( )7. Students should be allowed _ with their friends on weekends.A. hang outB. hung outC. hanging outD. to hang out解析:此题主要练习非谓语动词的用法 - 用于被动语态形式allow(allow使用过去分词,其前带有be的适当形式)后作主语补语的非谓语动词,必须使用不定式。做题小窍门:allow/suggest/suppose后非谓语动词快速判定方法:首先考虑allow等词是否为被动形式(其前有be的适当形式),如为被动形式,之后非谓语动词用不定式;如不

8、是被动形式,看allow等词是否带有表人的词语作宾语,如有表人的词语,非谓语动词用不定式,如无表人的词语,非谓语动词用-ing形式。( )8. “_ are you getting on with your new classmates?” “Very well.”A. HowB. WhatC. WhyD. Where解析:此题主要练习wh-词同答语的关联 - 答语为说明程度关系的副词,wh-词使用how。注意:get on/ along with句式中需带上表示程度关系的副词(位于on或along之后),如无说明程度关系的副词,其特殊疑问句的wh-词必须使用how。( )9. Dont ar

9、gue _ your parents. Its bad for the communication.A. toB. withC. forD. about解析:此题主要练习固定短语中介词的用法 - argue with s.b为固定短语。( )10. When does your father usually _ from work in the afternoon?A. return back homeB. return homeC. return back to homeD. return to home解析:此题主要练习动词同句式结构的关联 - return(= go/come back“

10、回去、回来”;也= give back“归还”),自身以包含back之意,因此不能同back连用,排除A/C;位于return(说明位置移动的动词)后的home为副词,其前不能加to,排除C。( )11. Dont watch TV _. Its not good for your eyes.A. too muchB. too manyC. much tooD. many too解析:此题主要练习句式结构同词语的关联 - 没有many too这一短语,排除D;too many(之后需带复数可数名词)和much too(之后必须带形容词或副词)不能用于动词后修饰动词,排除B/D。( )12. _

11、 it is raining hard, _ the farmer are still working in the fields.A. Although ; butB. Because ; soC. Although ; /D. Because ; /解析:此题主要练习连词的用法 - although为从属连词,说明转折关系(引导让步从句),不能与同样表示转折关系的并列连词but连用,排除A;because为从属连词,说明原因关系(引导原因从句),不能与表示结果关系的并列连词so连用,排除B;上下文意义的关联,考虑转折关系。排除D(说明因果关系)。注意:because和although/th

12、ough的区别:需考虑上下文意义的关联,如说明因果关系,使用because,如考虑转折关系,使用although/though。语法知识:主从复合句:指由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的至少有两个主谓结构的句子,从句前应使用适当的从属连词说明从句的类型以及同主句的关系。在使用主从复合句时,主要应根据从句的不同类型考虑三个基本原则:1、主句和从句的时态一致性原则:一般情况下,主句和从句的时态要求在现在和过去两个大的时间上一致。也就是说,主句使用现在时态时,从句也使用现在时态;主句使用过去时态时,从句同样使用过去时态。(根据主从句的时态一致性原则,我们可以根据主从句任意一个句子的时态确定另外

13、句子的时态。) e.gJim didnt come to school because he was ill .I like pandas because they are kind of cute.He was reading a newspaper when I saw him just now. 注:(1) 宾语从句、原因从句、定语从句的主句为现在时态时,从句时态不受主句时态限制,而根据需要使用适当的时态。 e.gI want to know what he was doing this time yesterday.I dont want to go there with you be

14、cause I went there last Sunday.The man who had an accident just now is my friends father.(2) 当宾语从句说明一个客观规律时,从句时态不受主句时间限制,只能使用一般现在时。 e.gHe said that the moon circles the earth.(3) 条件从句和时间从句中不使用将来时态,如需使用将来时态,应用一般现在时代换。 e.gI will visit you if I have time tomorrow.He is going to be a teacher when he gro

15、ws up.I will write to you as soon as I get to Hong Kong next week.2、从属连词的选用原则:从句应使用适当的从属连词作引导词,其选用原则应考虑从句的类型、引导词在从句中的作用及意义以及同主句中其余词的关系等几个方面的问题。初中英语中常用的从属连词主要有:时间从句:when、while、as、after、before、as soon as、until、since、by the time(选用时主要考虑所说明时间的类型、主从句时态间的联系及其句意)条件从句:if、unless (选用时主要考虑其句式和意义)原因从句:because、a

16、s、since (选用时主要考虑所说明原因的程度及主从句的重心位置)结果从句:so that、such that (使用时,主要考虑引导词间所带词语的词性)让步从句:though、although (初中英语中无区别)目的从句:so that、in order that (选用时,主要考虑意义和从句的位置)比较从句:than、as (选用时,主要考虑形容词和副词的级别)定语从句:who、that、which、whom、whose、where、when、why(选用时,应考虑先行词所说明的事物的不同,以及关系词在从句中的句法作用)宾语从句:that、if、whether和wh-词(特殊疑问词)(

17、选用时,主要考虑从句的原句式,以及引导词是否在从句中充当句子成分)3、从句的基本句式、位置及其它:(1) 从句的句式问题主要涉及宾语从句、主语从句等名词性从句。从句的句式应为陈述句式,原句为疑问句式的句子用作从句时,应调整为陈述句式,通过使用不同的引导词来表明原句的句式为疑问句式。 e.gHe asked me if I was interested in English.( if I was interested in English 的原句为:Was I interested in English? )I want to know where Jim lives.( where Jim l

18、ives 的原句为:where does Jim live? )What he said made us all laugh.( what he said 的原句为:what did he say? )(2) 从句所放置的位置与其类型和作用有关。一般情况下,从句应放在主句的后面,部分状语从句可放在主句之前,但应用逗号同主句隔开,定语从句应紧跟在先行词后。当然从句的位置并非是不可改变的,它可以根据其意义侧重点的不同以及句式需要进行调整。e.gI was doing my homework when he came in.When he came in, I was doing my homewo

19、rk.(3) 主从句中所出现的名词和代词在表示同一人或物时,一般要求名词用于主句,而代词用于从句;如不遵循此原则,那么主从句中所出现的名词和代词有可能不是指同一人或物。 e.gWhen she was playing in the garden, the little girl saw a beautiful bird in the tree.( she和the little girl在此指同一人,名词girl用在主句,代词she用在从句)( )13. _ he doesnt feel well, he goes to school as usual.A. AlthoughB. Because

20、C. WhenD. If解析:此题主要练习连词的用法 - 上下文意义同时间与条件无关(句意不符逻辑),排除C(引导时间从句)和D(引导条件从句);上下文意义说明转折关系,排除B。语法知识:让步状语从句:用于说明主句动作在从句所说的情况下仍然在发生或会发生。使用让步从句应注意以下几点:1、主从句时态一致性原则:要求主从句在现在或过去上保持一致。 e.gThought Im very busy, Ill try my best to help you.The farmers were still working in the field though it rained hard.2、引导词的选用

21、:让步从句有though和although两个引导词,初中英语中不考虑两者的区别,可使用任意一个引导从句。(注意:though和although不能同说明转折关系的并列连词but同时使用) e.gAlthough/Though he was ill yesterday, he still went to school.3、从句的位置及其它:让步从句可位于主句前或后,位于主句前时,应用逗号同主句隔开。 e.gThough he is from Australia, he can speak Chinese fluently.He can speak Chinese fluently though

22、 he is from Australia.4、同原因从句的区别:判定从句是让步从句还是原因从句,需通过对主从句意义的理解以及考虑其逻辑关系,来判定从句说明转折关系(让步从句)还是因果关系(原因从句)。 e.gBecause he was very tired, he stopped working and have a rest.(因果关系)Though he was very tired, he went on working and didnt have a rest.(转折关系)( )14. _ he doesnt feel well, he doesnt go to school t

23、oday.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. WhenD. If解析:此题主要练习连词的用法 - 上下文意义同时间与条件无关(句意不符逻辑),排除C(引导时间从句)和D(引导条件从句);上下文意义说明因果关系,排除A。语法知识:原因状语从句:用于说明主句状况或动作发生的原因。使用原因从句需注意以下几点:1、主从句时态一致性原则:原因从句的时态运用很灵活,几乎不受主句限制而使用其应该使用的时态,特别当主句时态为现在时态或现在将来时态时,更是如此;但当主句为过去时态时,一般情况下,从句使用相应的过去时态为佳。 e.gJim didnt go to the party last nigh

24、t because he was busy with his homework.I dont want to see the film because I have seen it before.He didnt go to Australia for his vacation because he had gone there before.As you are late again, you should give us an excuse.2、从句引导词的选用:原因从句引导词的选用同从句说明原因的程度以及主从句的重心位置有关。常用的引导词有:because、as、since(初中英语主要

25、使用because)。because:意为“因为”。说明原因的程度最强,表示一个不为人知的原因,主从句的重心位置在从句;从句常位于主句后,如位于主句前,应用逗号同主句隔开。(注:because不能同说明结果关系的并列连词so同时使用。) e.gJim didnt go to the movie with us last night because he had to looked after his sister.Because I have seen the film before, I wont go with you tonight.as:意为“由于”。说明原因的程度较弱,表示一个较明显

26、的原因,主从句同等重要;从句常位于主句前,用逗号同主句隔开。 e.gAs everyone is here, lets begin the meeting.As you are always late for class, you must ask your parents to school this afternoon.since:意为“既然”。说明原因的程度最弱,表示一个众所周知的原因,主从句的重心位置在主句;从句用于主句前,用逗号同主句隔开。e.gSince I must do it, I must.Since everyone must die, lets face it brave

27、ly. 3、because和because of的用法区别 because:从属连词,用以引导原因从句,其后应带上一个句子;because of:介词词组,其后应带上名词词组,说明原因。 e.gJim cant come today because he is ill.Jim cant come today because of his illness.We had to stay at home all day because it rained heavily last Sunday.We had to stay at home all day because of the heavy r

28、ain last Sunday.4、同让步从句的区别:判定从句是原因从句还是让步从句,需通过对主从句意义的理解以及考虑其逻辑关系,来判定从句说明因果关系(原因从句)还是转折关系(让步从句)。 e.gBecause he was very tired, he stopped working and have a rest.(因果关系)Though he was very tired, he went on working and didnt have a rest.(转折关系)( )15. Dave studies harder than before _ he can get better g

29、rades in final exam.A. althoughB. becauseC. so thatD. in order解析:此题主要练习连词的用法 - in order不能带从句,排除D(in order that可以引导目的从句);上下文意义同转折与因果无关,排除A/B;so that引导目的从句,说明主句动词发生的目的。语法知识:目的从句:用于说明主句动词发生的目的。使用目的从句需注意一下几点:1、主从句时态一致性原则:要求主从句在现在或过去上保持一致,从句中常带有情态动词说明目的性。e.gJerry started out early in order that she could

30、 get there on time.You should study hard so that you can get good grades in final exams.2、从句引导词的选用:目的从句的引导词有so(以便)、so that(以便)和in order that(为了),初中英语中不考虑其区别,只考虑其汉语意义是不同。e.gYou should sit in the front row so you can hear the teacher better.You should speak louder so that we can hear you clearly.We mu

31、st get up early tomorrow in order that we can catch the early bus.3、从句的位置及其它:so和so that引导的目的从句只能放在主句之后,而in order that引导的目的从句可以位于主句前,但需使用逗号。e.gIn order that we can get better grades, we must study harder.4、使用不定式代换目的从句的方法:当主从句同为将来时态,主语为同一人称时,可以用不定式代换从句说明目的关系;代换方法为:用so as to代换so that,用in order to代换in o

32、rder that。e.gYou should study hard so that you can get good grades in final exams.You should study hard so as to get good grades in final exams.We must get up early tomorrow in order that we can catch the early bus.We must get up early tomorrow in order to catch the early bus.( )16. I have too much

33、work to do, _ I cant go shopping with you this afternoon.A. althoughB. becauseC. butD. so解析:此题主要练习 - 上下文意义说明因果关系,排除说明转折关系的A/C;连词引导说明结果的句子,排除B(because引导的句子说明原因)。( )17. Jerry _ to bed until her mother came back home last night.A. wentB. didnt goC. goesD. doesnt go解析:此题主要练习until的用法 - 根据主从句时态一致性原则,排除C/D

34、(until引导的时间从句为过去时态,主句应使用过去时态);until说明时间关系时,主句动词为瞬间动词时,必须使用否定结构,排除A(go为瞬间动词)。( )18. Mike looks tired because he _ his homework until 12:00 last night.A. didB. didnt doC. doesD. doesnt do解析:此题主要练习until的用法 - 句子中含有过去时间,排除C/D;until说明时间关系时,主句动词为延续性动词时,不能使用否定结构,排除B(注意:主句的延续性动词前有情态动词提出建议时,可用否定结构)。( )19. Cou

35、ld you please give me _ about how to learn English?A. any advicesB. any adviceC. some advicesD. some advice解析:此题主要练习词语的基本用法 - advice为不可数名词,不能使用复数形式,排除A/C;情态动词引导的问句,应使用some,而不能使用any。( )20. We will go hiking if it _ next Wednesday.A. doesnt rainB. wont rainC. isnt rainingD. didnt rain解析:此题主要练习主从句的时态关系

36、 - 根据句式结构判定,if引导的从句为条件从句,主语时态为将来时态,条件从句应使用一般现在时(主将从现的用法)。( )21. _ my opinion, its necessary for the students to join after-school activities.A. OnB. InC. ForD. With解析:此题主要练习固定短语中介词的用法 - in ones opinion为固定短语。( )22. You should keep on _ new things if you want to be a successful person.A. studyB. studi

37、edC. studyingD. to study解析:此题主要练习非谓语动词的用法 - keep on后的动词用-ing形式。( )23. I think parents shouldnt compare their kids _ others.A. asB. forC. aboutD. with解析:此题主要练习动词同介词的关联 - compare with 为固定短语。( )24. Dont be worried _ your son. He should just be himself.A. onB. forC. aboutD. with解析:此题主要练习固定短语中介词的用法 - be

38、worried about ( = worry about )为固定短语。( )25. Could you please not watch TV _ Im trying to do my homework?A. whileB. thoughC. untilD. after解析:此题主要练习连词的用法 - 上下文意义没有说明转折关系,排除B;until/after引导的时间从句不能使用进行时态,排除C/D;while在此引导时间从句,说明动作的同时性(有关时间从句的用法,我们将在第5单元进行讲解)。( )26. Tomorrow is Davids birthday. I want to bu

39、y _ for him.A. something specialB. anything specialC. special somethingD. special anything解析:此题主要练习复合不定代词的用法 - 句式为肯定陈述句,不能使用anything,排除B/D;根据复合不定代词定语后置原则,排除C(修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须放在复合不定代词之后)。( )27. The old man got on the bus and sat _ it because he always felt sick when taking buses.A. in front ofB. behind

40、C. beforeD. in the front of解析:此题主要练习地点介词的用法 - 上下文意义的关联,得知the old man应在bus里,排除A/B/C(in front of/behind/before表示地点关系时,不能说明在其范围内)。知识要点:地点介词的基本用法区别:(1)at、in、on的用法区别:at表示点,on说明面,in考虑空间。有时at和in都可用于某个词语前,这时应考虑其强调该处所发生的动作(at)还是只说明地点关系(in)。(2)on、in(在上)的用法区别:on表示外来之物在其上,in说明自身所有之物在其上(注意:“在树上”用法相反)。(3)in、on、to

41、说明方位的用法区别:考虑同参照地点的关系:in表示在参照地点范围内;on说明同参照地点陆上接壤;to表示同参照地点隔海、隔河相望或陆上不接壤。(4)in front of/in the front of和behind/at the back of的用法区别:考虑同参照地点的位置关系:in front of/behind表示在参照物外,in the front of/at the back of说明在参照物内。(5)in、into(同表示运动的动词连用)的用法区别:考虑其后是否带有地点,有地点用into,无地点用in。(6)through、across的用法区别:through表示从外部进入并从

42、中穿越而出(常同forest, desert, jungle, door, window等词语连用),across表示从一边到另一边(常同river, bridge, street连用)。( )28. Could you please explain _ me how to work out the math problem?A. toB. forC. withD. about解析:此题主要练习词语的基本用法 - explain带表人的词语作宾语时,应带上介词to(注意:explain可以直接带直接宾语或宾语从句)。( )29. My _ brother is three years _ th

43、an me.A. elder ; elderB. older ; olderC. elder ; olderD. older ; elder解析:此题主要练习比较等级的用法 - older不能用于家庭成员名称前,排除B/D;elder只能用于家庭成员名称前。排除A。( )30. I always feel _ though I dont live _. What should I do?A. alone ; lonelyB. lonely ; aloneC. alone ; aloneD. lonely ; lonely解析:此题主要练习词语用法区别 - 说明感受,应使用lonely;强调数量

44、关系,使用alone。( )31. Mr. Smith is ill. So Mr. Black will take his class _.A. insteadB. instead ofC. becauseD. though解析:此题主要练习句式结构同词语的关联 - because/though为从属连词,之后必须带上从句,排除C/D(之后无从句);instead of为介词词组,之后必须带上名词或相当于名词的词语,排除B;instead常用于句首或句尾(之后不能带词语或从句),说明“代替、替换”。( )32. At last they decided to go hiking _ goin

45、g swimming.A. insteadB. instead ofC. becauseD. because of解析:此题主要练习句式结构同词语的关联 - because只能带从句,不能带词组,排除C;instead用于句尾,之后不能带词语,排除A;上下文意义同原因无关,排除D。( )33. Jims parents wanted to know if he was getting on well _ his classmates.A. toB withC. forD. about解析:此题主要练习固定短语中介词的用法 - get on with为固定短语。( )34. This is Toms dictionary. Please _, will

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