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1、虚拟语气,1.虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,wish引导的虚拟句,I wish I remembered the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,How I wish he had not left.,要是他没有离开这里就好了!（他已离开）,If only it would rain tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,wish+thatHow I wishIf only,did/were 现在
2、,had done 过去,would/might/could do 将来,If only 要是就好了=I wish,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,要是我没错过火车就好了.,I feel so sick.I wish Mum _(没有逼我)to eat so much.(force)(08高考湖北),had not forced me,Exercises:,“Have you visited the Science Museum?”“No,
3、but I really wish I _.”,A.had B.did C.have D.will,I didnt go to the party,but I do wish I _there.,A.was B.were C.had been D.went,If only I _ you yesterday.,A.see B.did see C.had seen D.were to see,-He is a brave man.-Yes,I wish I _his courage.,A.Have B.had C.will have D.would have,Tom can take his c
4、ar apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he _me how.,A.teaches B.will teach C.has taught D.would teach,The picture exhibition bored me to death.If only I_to it.,A.hadnt gone B.havent goneC.didnt go D.could not have gone,How I wish I _that!Everybody present was angry with me.,A.didnt
5、go B.hadnt done C.wouldnt do D.wasnt doing,as if/though,区别：,He speaks English as if/though he is from the USA.陈述语气,He speaks English as if/though he were from the USA.虚拟语气,as if/though+Clause,现在：过去：将来:,did/were,had done,She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the
6、United States.Mrs.Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.,would+动词原形,注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,It looks as if you are tired.,高考题,Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.A.was happening B.happensC.has happened D.happened(06全国卷一),D,When a pencil is partly in a glass of wate
7、r,it looks as if it _.,A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken,The actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A.is B.will be C.am D.were,The clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.,A.is going to B.will C.was going to D.would,Should 虚拟,should,1.表要求，命
8、令，建议，坚持，决定的要用虚拟语气，should+原形2.一些特殊句型用的 should 虚拟-见特殊句型部分,1.名词性从句中要求用should虚拟的动词,suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,advise etc.引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原的形式出现。,We all suggest that he(should)finish his homework first.,The captain commanded that all the sailors(should)get
9、 down to work at once.,Its suggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)that 后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。,Its ordered that only German(should)be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin.,Its requested that all the students(should)wear school uniforms at schoo
10、l.,以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以(should)+v原.的形式出现。,My suggestion is that you(should)go home first before coming here.,His request that his cost(should)be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.,The order came that the work(should)be finished two days ahead of time,My advice is that you(sh
11、ould)practise speaking English as often as possible,注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！,His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.,I insist that he was wrong.,His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.,He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.,Mr.Johnson insi
12、sted that the problem worthy of attention _(讨论)at the meeting.(discuss)(2010湖北高考),Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem _(值得关注).(worthy),was worthy of attention,should be discussed,2.虚拟语气特殊句型：,1.would rather+句子,现在：过去：未来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone,too.,D
13、ont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.,2.Its(about/high)time+that,过去时,should+V.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.,3.Its necessary/strange/natural/important/essential/vital+that-Clause 从句中的动
14、词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.,1 He suggested that the meeting put off.A.not be B.should not C.wouldnt D.be not2 It is strange that he so.A.thinks B.think
15、 C.thought D.will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday.A.met B.have met C.would meet D.had met 4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6.A.was finished B.will finish C.be finished D.shall be finished,5.She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today.A.had B.should leave C.leaves
16、 D.left6.Its already 5 oclock now.Dont you think its about time_?A.we are going home B.if she leaves C.we went home D.if she had left,7.Its high time he home.A.goes B.went C.will go D.is going to go 8.Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun.A.should move B.move C.moves D.A or B,9.If only I _to
17、 my parents advice!A.listeningB.listen C.am listeningD.had listened 10.Id rather you _me the news.I am not interested.A.not tellB.not to tell C.didnt tellD.hadnt told,其他虚拟,I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _have driven her there.A.could B.must C.might D.should 07高考陕西卷,D,情态动词+h
18、ave done,-Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.-You _ it in the wrong place.A.must put B.should have putC.might put D.might have put 07江西卷The teacher _ have thought Johnson was worth it orshe wouldnt have wasted time on him,I suppose.A.should B.can C.would D.must 07安徽卷The weathe
19、r turned out to be fine yesterday.I _ thetrouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken 06江西卷,D,D,C,1.表过去、现在、进行中的事情推测,must have done/be doing/adj/do 一定.(肯定句)may/might have done/do 可能.(肯定和否定句.可能性较小)could/can not have done/do 一定没有.(否定
20、和疑问句),I saw Mrs Smith just now.she cant have gone to Singapore.,Bill must have played all night-he falls asleep in class.,I havent seen Ben for weeks.He may/might havegone on holiday.,-Where is Jim?-He must be cleaning the classroom,for he is on duty today.,should(not)have done 本(不)应该ought(not)to ha
21、ve done 本(不)应该need(not)have done 本(没)必要would(not)have done 本(不)会could(not)have done 本(不)能够might(not)have done 本(不)可能,Thet could have helped us,but they didnt.You could have caught the bus.What a pity!I should have watched the match,but I was so busy.Look,your mother is so angry.You should have finis
22、hed the homework.Mom,you neednt have worried about me!Now I have come back safely.,2.表对过去发生或没有发生事情的态度,表不满,表遗憾,表遗憾,表责备,混合虚拟,注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句):有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。,如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。,If I were you,I would have taken his advice.,从句表示现在，主句表示过去,如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。,从句
23、表示过去，主句表示现在,如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。,从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行,If you had listened to me,you might not be in such trouble now.,If it hadnt been raining those days,we should be going on with the works.,If you had followed my advice,you would be able to finish the work now.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）
24、If I were you,I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）,If you hadnt lent me some money,I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,隐含虚拟,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来
25、，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。,1.without和but for 构成虚拟。Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.Without your help,I would have failed.But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.,2.otherwise 和or,The storm stopped,otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea.,Im getting cold,otherwise I would keep her.,He turned up at last,or we should have had to wait for another hour.,
