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1、高一英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after such products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported. E-cigarettes are a popular substitute for
2、smoking products. The electronic devices heat liquid that includes flavoring, nicotine and other chemicals into vaporvery small particles that users breathe in. Nicotine is found in many plants, including tobacco. E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC
3、 is the natural chemical present in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a high. E-cigarettes are said to be safer than normal cigarettes because they do not create the cancer-causing byproducts of burning tobacco. Yet health officials say e-cigarette users have reported s
4、hortness of breath and other breathing problems, such as coughing and chest pain. Some have been sick to the stomach, felt very tired, suffered weight loss or developed high body temperatures. One report noted that most of the 53 illnesses reported in Illinois and Wisconsin were related to THC vapin
5、g(气化) products. But nearly 20 percent of the patients inhaled(吸入)substances like nicotine from e-cigarettes. Most of the reported cases were of young men. The report found that, Since no single product or substance has been associated with the illness, persons should consider not using e-cigarettes
6、while this investigation is ongoing. Last November, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, reported that e-cigarette use increased considerably among U.S. middle and high school students during 20172018. Among high school students, it found e-cigarette use rose from 220,000 students
7、 in 2011 to 3.05 million in 2018. On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Labs, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing its products as being safer than cigarettes without the agencys approval. In a statement, the
8、FDAs acting commissioner said that, JUUL has ignored the law, and has made some of these statements in school to our nations youth. A JUUL spokesman said the company is studying the FDAs comments and will fully cooperate.（1）Which of the following can best describe e-cigarettes? A.Deadly.B.Harmless.C
9、.Infectious.D.Effective.（2）What change will be caused when smokers inhale e-cigarettes containing THC? A.They will be healthier.B.They will lose weight.C.They will feel excited.D.They will be peaceful.（3）What information about JUUL Labs can we get from the last paragraph? A.Students became its main
10、marketing targets.B.FDA didnt agree on its way of promoting its products.C.It completely denied what it was accused of.D.E-cigarettes were invented by it.（4）What can be the best title of the passage? A.Say No to cigarettesB.A sharp rise of e-cigarettes use among young people.C.Safer e-cigarettes are
11、 needed for health.D.E-cigarettesa potential killer.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关。并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“United States health officials are urging people to stop using electronic cigarettes, known as e-cigarettes. The call to action came after s
12、uch products were linked to health problems. Five deaths have also been reported.” 美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电子烟。在这些产品被发现与健康问题有关后，呼吁采取行动。另外报道有五人死亡。由此可推断，电子烟不但影响人们健康，而且有可能是致命的，故选A。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“E-cigarettes or similar devices also can provide THC or other substances to users. THC is the natural chemical pre
13、sent in marijuana(大麻) plants that gives users the mental state known as a high. ”电子烟或类似的设备也可以向使用者提供THC或其他物质。THC是存在于大麻植物中的自然化学物质，给予使用者一种“high”的心理状态。这里的“high”指的是喝醉或者吸毒后的那种兴奋的状态，因此使用者吸入了含有THC的电子烟会感到兴奋，故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“On Monday, the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA gave a warning to JUUL Lab
14、s, maker of the best-selling e-cigarettes. The FDA accused the company of illegally marketing its products as being safer than cigarettes without the agencys approval. ”周一，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)向畅销电子烟的制造商JUUL Labs发出了警告。FDA指控该公司未经FDA批准，非法销售其产品，称其“比香烟更安全”。由此可知FDA不同意其销售此产品，故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述美国卫生官员敦促人们停止使用电
15、子烟，电子烟同人们的健康问题有关并介绍电子烟是怎样危害人们健康的。中心思想强调的就是电子烟危害人们的健康。D选项E-cigarettesa potential killer“电子烟一个潜在的杀手”，符合本文中心思想，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 The killdeer, a small bird known for its high-pitched(声调高的)call, could lead to the cancellation(取消) of one o
16、f Canada biggest music festivals. The first hint of trouble for Ottawas Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds. It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting gr
17、ound. This is one of the most challenging problems weve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this, said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival. Anything that changes the schedule has a major effect, so were taking it very seriously. The discovery meant that government offic
18、ials rushed to protect the nest and the eggs, hiring a security guard to watch over them 24 hours a day. Environmentalists were also brought in. We dont know when the eggs might hatch, said Monahan. What is known is that the young killdeer will likely leave the nest soon after they are hatched, lead
19、ing many to hope that the eggs hatch in the next day or so. The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center. Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festivals 11-
20、day run, said Monahan. Its highly likely that the festivals thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs. Monahan was confident that the festival would go on as planned, however. Most of the people were working with are looking for a positive solution, Monahan said. The
21、re is no one saying that the festival cant go on. As news of the dilemma spread, it left residents divided. Some supported the bird, saying that moving the nest might result in the eggs being abandoned. Others expressed annoyance that protecting the eggs of the small bird, which is widespread across
22、 North America, was risking an annual festival that contributes millions of dollars to the local economy. The killdeers tendency to build its nest in open fields or flat areas has caused issues in other areas of the US: earlier this year, construction of a health center in Wisconsin was temporarily
23、stopped after a killdeer and its four eggs were discovered.（1）What can we learn about Bluesfest? A.It is the first music festival in Canada.B.It is an important event for music lovers.C.It is a music festival held every two years.D.It is a challenging outdoor activity in Ottawa.（2）What was especiall
24、y challenging for Bluesfest this year? A.Pressure from the government.B.Disagreements with the public.C.The need to protect the birds eggs.D.The lack of experience in hosting the event.（3）How did the festival plan to deal with the problem? A.Move the nest to another place.B.Ask government officials
25、for help.C.Seek advice from environmentalists.D.Hire security guards to protect the eggs.（4）The underlined word dilemma is closest in meaning to _. A.a difficult situationB.an extreme situationC.a dangerous situationD.an encouraging situation【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音
26、乐事件Bluesfest,在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The first hint of trouble for Ottawas Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds.”可知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引
27、约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. ”小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋；和第四段中的“This is one of the most challenging problems weve been presented with, but we feel we can work through this, said Mark
28、Monahan, executive director of the festival.”音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。得知 保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.”可知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将
29、鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心，可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。 （4）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festivals 11-day run, said Monahan. Its highly likely that the festivals thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and
30、its eggs.”可知Monahan说，为期11天的节日活动中，移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。但是极有可能，成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋带来巨大的问题。可以推断出当时的处境困难，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 England continues to be one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. London in particular is one
31、 of the most visited cities and draws people in with its appeal, history and pubs. Englands smaller cities, like Bath and Oxford, are equally as attractive with a lot of culture and fewer crowds. Liverpool, birthplace of The Beatles, has a rich musical history. The countryside has wonderful natural
32、beauty. Here are some tips on traveling in England. Free museumsPublic museums offer free admission in every city throughout England and the UK. Its a great way to learn about the countrys most influential artists and history, and spend a rainy day without paying a cent. Book earlyBook all transport
33、ation well in advance, even if you dont plan to use it. Fares can be around 2 with a little planning. The Megabus not only runs buses but also provides trains throughout England and is the best choice for cheap travel throughout the country. Pub foodEating in England can be quite expensive, but for
34、good cheap and filling meals, visit the local pubs, where you cam get a good meal for less than 10. Besides, the pubs are a great way to meet people! Get a Taste of UK cardThe taste of the UK card offers up to 50% off at selected restaurant. You dont need to be an English to get the card, and you ne
35、ednt pay the first months membership fee, which is perfect for most travelers. Take a free walking tourMany major cities in England offer free walking tours. They usually last a few hours and are a great way to see the city.（1）Compared with London, Oxford is _. A.more charmingB.less crowdedC.larger
36、in sizeD.richer in history（2）Why are visitors advised to eat in local pubs? A.The food there is sold at a low price.B.It is likely to meet famous stars there.C.The service provided there is excellent.D.There is a friendly but quiet atmosphere there.（3）What do we know from the text? A.All museums in
37、the UK are free of charge.B.The best way to travel around England is by bus.C.Free walking tours are available in most big cities in England.D.The taste of UK card holders can enjoy discounts at all restaurants.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就英国旅行作者提出了一些建议。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Englands smaller citie
38、s, like Bath and Oxford, are equally as attractive with a lot of culture and fewer crowds.”可知，跟London相比较，Oxford没那么拥挤。故选B。(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“but for good cheap and filling meals, visit the local pubs, where you cam get a good meal for less than 10.”可知，之所以建议游客到当地的酒吧去吃饭，是因为那里的食物价格便宜。故选A。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段
39、中的“Take a free walking tourMany major cities in England offer free walking tours.”可知，英国大多数大城市都有免费的步行旅游。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Just a few years out of law school, I decided that I wanted to write fictions. The only thing I had ever published before was a law
40、-review article. I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job. I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would li
41、e down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours. In my first year, I sold two stories. Then I wrote a novel, but I thought it wasnt good enough, so I ended up putting it in a drawer. My second novel, Billy Lynns Long Halftime Walk, was publ
42、ished to glowing reviews and received the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction. My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer
43、 took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table. Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his
44、masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.（1）When did the author decide to devote himself to writing fictions? A.When he was tired from his work.B.Straight after graduation from law school.C.On being informed his law-review article came out.D.When hi
45、s hobby was disturbed by his work.（2）We can infer from the second paragraph that the author . A.led a wealthy lifeB.arranged his life reasonablyC.was too diligent to relax himselfD.remained single（3）What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage? A.Failure is the mother of success.B.A
46、 bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.C.It is never too old to learn.D.It is the first step that costs troublesome.（4）Why did the author give the example of Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot? A.To make a comparison between them and himself.B.To show creativity needs energy and efforts.C.To persuade
47、the readers of their great talents.D.To recommend their two masterpieces.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己成功的经历，进一步证实了“失败是成功之母”的道理。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.”可知，当他的爱好被他的工作打扰时，作者决定投身于写作小说。故选D。(2)考查推理判断。根据
