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1、课堂导学文本感知A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEP1.How many signs are given that suggest an earthquake would happen in the first paragraph?A.Eight.B.Nine.C.Six. D.Ten.答案：B2.Which of the following are the suggestions of an earthquake EXCEPT_ .A.mice ran out looking for hiding placesB.strange sounds are heard in
2、the sky like those of planesC.people are restlessD.fish jump out of water答案：C3.The second and third paragraph is mainly about_ .A.the great loss the earthquake brought to TangshanB.the number of people who were killed or injuredC.when and where an earthquake happenedD.the cause of the big earthquake
3、 in Tangshan答案：A4.The first sentence implies that_ .A.the survivors didnt think too much of itB.the survivors was made to lose their sense by the sudden big earthquakeC.the survivors didnt realize in such a brief instant that it was a terrible earthquake D.the survivors didnt think an earthquake cou
4、ld bring such great damage答案：C5.This passage is written_ .A.by giving terrible examplesB.by description in the order of eventsC.by expressing the authors feelings about the earthquake sufferersD.by objective description of the whole earthquake答案：B难句透视1.Strange things were happening in the countrysid
5、e in northeast Hebei.河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生。剖析：were happening是过去进行时,要注意,瞬间动词也可用于进行时,表示重复性的行为。有时与频度副词always,constantly,forever,all the time连用，这时候,现在进行时是可表示“赞扬,惊奇,讨厌” 等感情色彩,带有较强的交际功能性。例如:The little girl is jumping again and again on the bed.这个小女孩在床上蹦来蹦去。Tonny is always getting to school first.托尼总是第一个来学校。2.
6、Farmers wives noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.农妇们注意到,水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝。剖析：句中的cracks in them指在井壁上的裂缝。此处要用介词in,表示“在上面”。再如:the window in the wall,a hole in the wood,a wound in the leg,等等。3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。剖析：句中的looking.是现在分词短语,在句中作伴随状语
7、,同时表示目的意味。例如:Stephen wrote me a letter telling me he would come here on Tuesday.斯蒂芬写信告诉我他准备星期二来这儿。4.But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,went to bed as usual that night.但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。剖析：who thought.是非限制性定语从句,修饰people;thought little of意为“没
8、有把当回事,轻视；不考虑”。as usual 像“通常一样”。5.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切都几乎被毁了。剖析：everywhere they looked是表示方位的状语从句,意为“每个他们所看的地方”。例如:Everywhere you are,dont forget to write me a letter.你每到一个地方,都要给我写一封信。6.All of the citys hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 9
9、0% of its homes were gone.所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。剖析：这句话的主语是两个百分数75%和90%。要注意百分数或分数作主语,谓语的数要与它连用的名词一致。比如,这句话中were要与factories和homes一致；gone在此句中是形容词,意为“失去的”。7.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。剖析：red autumn作定语,多个定语的顺序一般是:指示代词/物主代词/定冠词+序数词+基数词+描绘性形容词+大小+形状+新旧（年龄）+颜色+出处
10、+材料+用途/类别/性质+作定语的名词或动名词+名词。red autumn中的red指颜色,autumn指时令季节,属于类别。例如:a small round table 一张小圆桌；a tall gray building 一座灰色的高楼8.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电都很难弄到。剖析：本句中的hard是形容词,意为“艰难的”,后面要接to do的主动形式,但实际上表示被动意思。具有相同用法的形容词还有:easy,hard,difficult,dangerous,impossible,important,comforta
11、ble,interesting,funny,pleasant,good,nice,bitter,sweet,fit,heavy,hot等。例如:This kind of mushrooms isnt fit to eat.这种蘑菇不适合吃。His lesson is pleasant to listen to.他的课听起来令人愉快。9.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。剖析：该句是部分否定句式,这句话也可说成:Not all hope was lost.在否定句只要有all,both,always,every合成词等,这个句子即为部分否定句。10.The ar
12、my organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.救援人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。剖析：dig out表示“掘出”；were trapped 意为“被困在里面”；the dead 属于“the+形容词/现在分词/过去分词”现象,表示“死了的人”,是集合名词,作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:the poor(穷人),the rich(富人),the living(活着的人),the wounded(受伤的人)11.Your speech was heard by a group
13、 of five judges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲,他们都认为你的那篇是今年收到的演讲稿中最好的一篇。剖析：five judges指“五个评委”；all of whom引导非限制性定语从句,在语意上相当于all of them。再如:I interviewed the three students,all of whom had got the scholarship for this year.我采访了这三个学生,他们都获得了今年的奖学金。要点难读一、词汇详解1.shake
14、vt.&n.(shook,shaken)摇；颤抖；震动【典型例句】Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.服药之前把瓶子摇一摇。He came forward and shook me by the hand.他走上前来和我握手。He was shaking with anger.他气得浑身发抖。His heavy steps shook the room.他沉重的脚步使房间都为之震动。Give him a good shake;hes half asleep.摇醒他,他已经半睡了。 【相关链接】(1)shake构成的短语:shake off脱离
15、；摆脱；使某人自己免除shake hands with sb. 与某人握手shake ones head 摇头表示不同意in half a shake 立刻(2)同义词:quake “发抖，摇撼”。正式用语,多指整体的摇动,如地震。例如：They felt the ground quake as the bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸时他们感到地面震动。tremble“发抖；抖动”。因恐怖、愤怒、激动或寒冷而使身体无法控制的摇动。例如：We were trembling with excitement.他们因兴奋而发抖。活学巧用选词填空shake/quake/tremble(1)He w
16、as_ with fear.(2)He_his head in disapproval.(3)The house_ when a train goes by.(4)Give the bottle a couple of_before pouring the juice.(5)The bridge_ when the heavy lorry drove over it.答案:(1)trembling/shaking(2)shook(3)shakes/quakes(4)shakes(5)trembled/shook/quaked汉译英(6)他宣布这一消息时,声音有些颤抖。_(7)我们摆脱了恐惧。
17、_(8)当她穿过房间时地板晃动。_答案:(6)His voice shook/trembled/quaked as he announced the news.(7)We shook off our fears.(8)The floor shook/trembled when she walked across the room.2.right away 立刻；马上【典型例句】Im sorry I forgot to bring your medicine down;Ill go upstairs and get it right away.很抱歉我忘记把药给你拿下来了,我马上上楼给你拿来。S
18、he says that dinner will be ready right away.她说晚饭马上就准备好了。Dont worry,she will be here right away.不要担心,她马上就来。【相关链接】(1)right now 现在。例如:He is on holiday right now.他现在在度假。(2)just now 刚才。例如:You were wanted on the phone just now.刚才有人在电话中找你。(3)right off 立刻,马上(4)straight away 立刻,马上单项填空 (1)Dont interrupt me.I
19、m,_,working on a new dress design,which,Im sure,will be popular among ladies.A.right nowB.right awayC.right off D.at once提示:right now 现在,恰好;right away与right off,at once意义相同,表示“立刻,马上”。答案:A(2)He is ill;you should call in the doctor_ .A.right away B.any wayC.right now D.just now提示:句意:他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。righ
20、t now 现在,正好；just now 刚才;right away 立刻。答案:A3.rise vi.(rose,risen)上升；升起；起身n.上升；增加；上涨【典型例句】The population of the city has risen to five million.该市人口已增加到500万。The sun has not yet risen.太阳还没升起。An immense building rose before their eyes.他们眼前耸立起一座巨大的建筑物。He rose and left the room.他站起身走出屋去。There will be a ris
21、e in unemployment next year.明年失业人数将会增加。【相关链接】 (1)rise构成的短语:give rise to引起;导致be on the rise 上涨,上升;变得更有价值rise up 起义;反抗have a rise in life/the world飞黄腾达(2)rise,raise和lift的区别:rise是不及物动词,表示“升起,站起来”,表示由低而高的变化过程。例如:The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 raise 是及物动词,是“抬高；提高”的意思,强调动作的姿态,反义词是lower(放低)。例如:raise on
22、es hand 举手 raise a flag 升旗 raise a stone 搬石头 raise ones voice 提高嗓门 lift 是及物动词,表示强调用体力把某物从地面提到一定的高度。例如:He lifted the big book off the floor and put it on the table.他把那本大书从地板上拿起,放在桌子上。 单项填空 (1)Last year the advertising rate_by 20 percent.A.raised B.aroused C.arouse D.rose提示:arose多指“产生、发生和出现”,常用于抽象事物;r
23、ise 使用范围广,既用于具体事物的“上升、增长”,又用于抽象事物的“上涨、发生”;raise是及物动词,表示把某具体事物抬到高处或提高某抽象事物(工资、地位等);arouse意为“唤醒、唤起、激起、引起”。答案:D(2)Our hopes_ and fell at the same time.A.arouse B.raisedC.rose D.aroused 提示:arouse“唤醒”；raise为及物动词；rise为不及物动词。答案:C(3)Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management
24、?If you make_ most of theequipment,there will be_rise in production.A./;/ B.the;aC./;a D.the;/提示:make the most of 是习语,表示“充分利用”;rise可作名词用,前面要加冠词。此处用不定冠词,构成“there be+a+可数名词”。答案:B4.burst vi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发【典型例句】 The balloon burst.气球炸了。The river has burst its bank.河水决口了。【相关链接】 burst into tea
25、rs 突然大哭burst out crying 放声大哭burst into laughter 朗声大笑burst out laughing 放声大笑burst into a room 闯入房间burst out=break out 突然迸发，爆发burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲碎/乐不可支单项填空(1)The police_into the room and caught the murderer.A.burstB.entered C.looked D.shouted提示：“突然闯入某地”应用burst into。答案:A(2)The two old s
26、isters,having been separated so long,held each other and burst_ tears.A.into B.out C.with D./提示:句意:这对老姊妹俩分离那么久了,相互拥抱着,痛哭起来。burst into后接名词,如:tears,laughter,cheers等;burst out后接动名词,如:crying,laughing,shouting等。答案:A5.ruin n.废墟；毁灭vi.&vi.（使）破产；毁灭【典型例句】She poured water over my painting and ruined it.她把水浇在我的
27、画上，将画毁掉了。He had wanted to become a doctor but his mothers death was the ruin of his hopes.他本想当医生，但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。Several buildings were damaged by the earthquake.地震使一些建筑物受到了损害。The house was destroyed by a fire.房屋被火灾所毁。【相关链接】 damage/destroy/ruin/spoil辨析：destroy 彻底毁坏，不能修复使用，有毁灭的意思。ruin 破坏，毁坏，与destroy接近
28、，但程度稍轻。damage 损坏，可重新修好使用。spoil 损坏，把某物毁坏或破坏某种气氛而令人不快。单项填空(1)We has no rain for four months,and the harvest was_.A.damaging B.damaged C.ruining D.ruined提示：damage常指人的威信、名声或物品的外观、价值、用途等受到损坏，失去或降低使用价值。而ruin则强调毁灭的彻底性，是一次性的行为，即人、物毁坏到不复存在或面目全非的地步。答案:D(2)After the Tsunami passed away,all the villages and tow
29、ns were_ .And no being was seen.A.in ruinB.in ruinsC.at ruinsD.for ruins提示:in ruins是固定短语,意为“成为废墟”。 答案:B6.injure vt.&vi. 损害；伤害【典型例句】You will injure your health by smoking too much.你吸烟太多,有伤身体。I hope I didnt injure her feelings.我希望我没有伤害她的感情。I was injured in a street accident.我在一次车祸中受了伤。 John fell down
30、from the tree and injured his back.约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。 【相关链接】(1)injury n.伤害；损害 injured adj.受伤的(2)hurt,injure和wound的区别:hurt 普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如:The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司机在那次事故中伤得很重。injure比hurt正式,hurt多指伤痛,而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。例如:A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子
31、弹伤了他的左眼。wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上受伤,它可以指肉体上的伤害,也可指人们精神上的创伤。例如:The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。选词填空injure/hurt/wound(1)It was really very dangerous;the horse nearly_ him.(2)My shoes are so tight that my feet_ .(3)He was_ in the leg.(4)He_ one of his legs in a terrible accident.(5)The
32、 enemy fired but none of our soldiers were_ .答案:(1)injured(2)hurt(3)wounded(4)injured(5)wounded单项填空(6)In the serious traffic accident that happened on the No.2 highway yesterday,three men died,and ten were_.A.injured B.hurt C.harmed D.wounded提示:句意:在昨天2号高速公路上的这起严重交通事故中,有三人死亡，十人受伤。在事故或灾难中受伤常常用injure,h
33、arm（枪）伤；hurt心理上受伤。 答案:A7.destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭【典型例句】Fire destroyed the forest.大火烧毁了森林。 The heavy storms destroyed a good part of our crops.几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。 All his hopes were destroyed.他的希望都破灭了。 The city was destroyed during the war.这座城市在战争中被摧毁了。【相关链接】destroy,damage和ruin的区别:destroy含有故意地或通过暴力破坏、毁灭无生命的东西
34、和消灭、杀死有生命的东西等意义,强调彻底使之不能复原或再被利用,该词还可表示打碎希望或使计划等失败的含义。ruin与destroy基本同义,指彻底毁坏,但可以不是故意或暴力,而是由于疏忽或不可避免的因素,可作名词,表示废墟,被毁坏、瓦解或腐烂的某物的遗迹。damage表示使事物在价值、效用、外观等方面受到毁坏、损害,其程度比destroy轻。例如:The fire has badly damaged the house.大火严重地烧坏了这座房子。 单项填空(1)He was lucky in the accident,but his car was totally_.A.destroyed B
35、.ruining C.hurt D.damaged提示:destroy意为“彻底毁坏以至不能或很难修复”；ruin意为“使成废墟,使堕落”；hurt意为“伤害,损害”；damage意为“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等,不一定全部破坏,损坏了还可以修复”。答案:A(2)After the collision,he examined the considerable_ to his car.A.ruin B.damage C.destruction D.injury 提示:句意:撞车后,他检查了车的损坏程度。destruction是destroy的名词形式,意为“毁坏”,而此句要用damage表示“损
36、伤的程度”。答案:B8.shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊【典型例句】His sudden death was a great shock to his family.他的突然逝世使他的家属大为震惊。He got into shock three times within 24 hours.二十四小时中他休克了三次。We were very shocked at the sight.看到这种情景我们感到非常震惊。【知识小结】 shock vt. 使震惊n.震动，震惊（可数）；休克（不可数）单项填空_by his death,his wife was determin
37、ed_on working.A.Deeply shocked;to goB.Deeply shocked;on goingC.Shocked deep;goD.Shocked deeply;on going提示：shock为及物动词，从句相当于because his wife was deeply shocked by his death。be determined to do sth.“决心做某事”。答案:A9.rescue n.&vt.援救；营救【典型例句】Rescue was at hand.救援近在咫尺。The old man ran to rescue her.老人跑去援救她。 He
38、 rescued three children from the burning building.他从失火的建筑物内救出了三个孩子。The life boat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。【相关链接】go/come to sb.s rescue进行援救,营救某人a rescue team救援队a rescue mission营救任务rescue sb. from.从中把某人救出来单项填空The mother,along with her two daughters, _from
39、the sinking aircraft by a passing ship.A.have rescuedB.have been rescuedC.has rescuedD.has been rescued提示:此题除了考查主谓一致外,还考查rescue一词的用法。主语是The mother,谓语动词用单数形式,另外rescue与主语是被动关系,所以要用被动形式。答案:D10.dig out 掘出；发现【典型例句】The old miner was digging out gold.老矿工正在挖金子。I dug out a strange book from my friends dorm.
40、我从朋友的宿舍中发现了一本奇怪的书。【相关链接】dig at 挖苦(嘲笑)某人;钻研dig deep 挖深dig down 挖去;掘倒dig for发掘;搜集(资料、事实等)dig into 挖掘;插入;努力钻研;全力以赴地干dig through挖穿;挖通(隧道等)dig up 挖起;搜寻出;揭露;发现单项填空Some journalists are especially fond of _the personal privates of celebrities.A.looking forB.digging outC.digging atD.looking up提示:句意:有些新闻记者尤其对
41、发现名人的隐私感兴趣。look for指寻找；look up查寻；dig out发现；dig at挖苦。答案:B11.give out 分发；发出（气味、热等）【典型例句】My legs gave out and I couldnt walk any farther.我的腿筋疲力尽，不能再往前走了。The results of the examination wont be given out.考试结果不会公布。The flowers give out a sweet smell.这些鲜花散发出甜甜的味道。单项填空Our food will_Hurry to get help from the
42、 nearby villagers.No need,it will last us for as long as two weeks.A.give outB.give offC.give awayD.give in提示：give out 用完,耗尽；give off 散发；give away 赠送；give in 屈服，让步。答案：A12.congratulation n.祝贺【典型例句】Congratulations!I hear youve passed the examinations.祝贺你！听说你考试及格了。 Please accept my congratulations on y
43、our marriage.请接受我向您新婚的祝贺。 【知识小结】congratulation常以复数形式祝贺某人，后面常接介词on。【相关链接】(1)congratulate vt.“祝贺”,后接sb. on sth.。celebrate vt.&vt. “庆祝”，后接生日、仪式、节日等作宾语。例如:Christmas is celebrated on December 25.过圣诞节是在12月25日。 celebration n.庆祝。例如:About ten thousand people attended the celebration of National Day in Tiananmen Square.大约一万人参加了天安门广场的国庆庆祝会。选词填空celebrate/c
