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1、Sample of endocrine test results,What are they?,Pituitary gland/hypophysis,Adenohypophysis腺垂体前叶neurohypophysis垂体神经部,神经(性)垂体(垂体后叶),Hormones secreted by hypophysis,GH/somatotropin生长激素Prolactin/lactogenic hormone催乳素Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone促甲状腺激素ACTH(=adrenocorticotropic hormone)/adrenoco
2、rticotropin/corticotropin促肾上腺皮质激素,Hormones secreted by hypophysis,Gonadotropic hormones促性腺激素FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone促卵泡激素ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone促间质细胞激素,促黄体激素MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone促黑色素细胞激素Vasopressin/ADH=antidiuretic hormone后叶加压
3、素,抗利尿激素oxytocin(后叶)催产素,缩宫素,Hormone secreted by pineal body,melatonin退黑激素,Hormones secreted by thyroid gland,Thyroxine甲状腺素Tetraiodothyronine(T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸Triiodothyronine(T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸Protein-bound iodine(PBI)calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之荷尔蒙),Hormones secreted by parathyroid glands,Parathyroid hormone or parat
4、hormone甲状旁腺激素,Hormones secreted by adrenal glands(I),Corticosteroids=adrenocortical hormones肾上腺皮质激素Mineralocorticoids矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素Aldosterone醛固酮Glucocorticoids糖皮质激素Cortisol考的松,皮质醇corticosterone肾上腺酮;皮质脂酮Sex hormonesAndrogenEstrogen,Hormones secreted by adrenal glands(II),adrenal medullary hormone Catec
5、holamines儿茶酚胺Epinephrine=adrenaline肾上腺素norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素,Hormones secreted by pancreas,Glucagon胰高血糖素(alpha cells)Insulin(beta cells),Other endocrine glands,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the biological clock of the body,melatonin,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the activiti
6、es of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid,adrenals,reproductive glands,Anterior pituitary hormones,What hormone has this function?,regulating the rate of metabolism,ThyroxineParathormonecorticosteroids,What hormone has this function?,Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the blood,ca
7、lcitonin降血钙素,What hormone has this function?,Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood,insulin,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics,AndrogenEstrogen,Which endocrine gland is responsible for?,Diabetes insipidus尿崩症Addisons diseaseDwarfi
8、smPheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤 Diabetesmyxedema黏液腺瘤virilism男性化hypercalcemia高钙血症,Pituitary glandAdrenal glandPituitary glandAdrenal glandPancreasThyroid glandGonadsParathyroid glands,Tests for endocrine system,RAIU放射性碘摄取Radioactive iodine uptake testITT胰岛素耐量试验insulin tolerance testTBG甲状腺素结合球蛋白Thyroxine-bind
9、ing globulinACTH test促肾上腺皮质激素试验LH test促黄体激素试验Luteinizing hormone testAldosterone and renin test醛固酮肾素试验,Translate the following case presentation into Chinese,A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent hypercalcemia.The patient had been admitted 14 years earlier because of
10、hyperparathyroidism,with an increased level of calcium(12.3 mg per deciliter 3.1 mmol per liter),markedly increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone(293 pg per milliliter;normal range,10 to 60),and a low phosphorus level(1.8 mg per deciliter 0.58 mmol per liter).Physical examin
11、ation revealed a nodule in the left lower pole of the thyroid gland.,Translate the following case presentation into Chinese,A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hyperadrenocorticism.The patient had a history of angina pectoris and had undergone five-vessel coronary-artery bypass
12、 surgery nine years before admission.He had long-standing heartburn,and for two years had had intermittent upper abdominal pain that responded to ranitidine.The results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal.Six months before admission,he began to bruise easily;weakness,emotional lability,m
13、oon facies,and peripheral edema developed;and his weight increased by 5 kg.Three months before admission,a tremor developed in his hands.One month later,bouts of tachycardia and bradycardia occurred,and a dual-chamber electronic pacemaker was implanted.Shortly thereafter,atrial flutter with exertional dyspnea developed and did not respond to medical treatment.,
