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1、Unit 8 Adventure,基础落实,.高频单词思忆1.n.奇遇，冒险的经历2.n.沙漠,荒原3.n.路线，路程4.adj.最大的，最多的5.adj.忧虑的，担心的 adv.焦虑地 n.忧虑，焦虑6.n.商品，物品，货物,adventure,desert,route,maximum,anxious,anxiously,anxiety,goods,7.n.燃料8.n.量，数量 n.质量9.vt.震惊，惊骇10.n.志向，抱负 adj.有志向的11.adj.没有希望的 v.&n.希望12.vt.运转，起作用13.n.国籍 国家 adj.国家的14.vt.&n.运输，运送 n.运输,fuel,
2、quantity,quality,shock,ambition,ambitious,hopeless,hope,function,nationality,nation,national,transport,transportation,15.adj.主要的，较重要的 n.大多数16.n.团体，组织 vt.组织17.vi.不同于，有区别 n.不同，差异18.adj.极度的，极端的 adv.极度地19.n.相似性，类似性 adj.相似 的，类似的20.vt.冒的危险 adj.冒险的21.n.装备，设备 v.装备,major,majority,organisation,organise,differ
3、,difference,extreme,extremely,similarity,similar,risk,risky,equipment,equip,22.n.较喜欢的东西，偏爱 vt.更喜欢23.vt.使惊愕（惊奇）adj.惊愕的，惊奇的 adj.令人惊奇的 n.惊奇24.vt.使困惑 n.困惑25.n.准备，预备 vt.准备26.adj.远处的，久远的 n.远处27.n.耐心，忍耐力 adj.耐心的28.n.幸存，残存 v.幸存 n.幸存者,preference,prefer,amaze,amazed,amazing,amazement,confuse,confusion,prepara
4、tion,prepare,distant,distance,patience,patient,survival,survive,survivor,.重点短语再现1.take 起飞；脱下2.take 从事；拿起3.turn 出现；到场4.back 决定不履行（允诺的事）5.get 使理解（某事）6.turn轮流7.stand 坚持（某种）说法8.break 损坏；不能运转9.run 用完，耗尽10.carry 继续做某事,off,up,up,out,across,in,by,down,out of,on,.典型句式运用1.While on a hiking trip,our cooks prep
5、are delicious meals.在while和when引导的时间状语从句中,如 果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时从句中又有助 动词be,那么从句中的主语和be可以省略。当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。,When(you are)in trouble,ask her for help.,考点提炼,句子仿照,2.And our porters carry your luggage,which means that you can simply enjoy the experience.which引导非限制性定语从句，可以指代前 面句子的一部分，也可以指代全部内容。杰克通过了考试，这使班内的
6、每个同学都 很惊奇。,Jack passed the examination,which surprised everybody in his class.,考点提炼,句子仿照,3.But its worth waiting for.sth.is worth doing某件事值得被做。他的建议值得一听。4.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.then,here,there,up,down,in,away等副词 或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子要用全部 倒装结构。片刻间，所有的鸟都飞走了。,His advice is wort
7、h listening to.,Away flew all the birds in a moment.,考点提炼,考点提炼,句子仿照,句子仿照,5.The next to go was Captain Oates,who was having great difficulty walking.have difficulty(in)doing sth./with sth.是一个常用的句型，意为“在做某事上有些困难”。我们费了好大的劲才说服他和我们一起去。,We had much difficulty in persuading him into going/to go with us.,考点提
8、炼,句子仿照,导练互动重点单词1.differ vi.不同于，区别于 How do the tourists from local people?(回归课本P23）经典例句 The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character.那对双胞胎兄弟外表相似，但性格却相差很大。,differ,This book differs from that one in the writing style.这本书和那本书的写作风格不同。Im sorry to differ with you on that.对不起，在那
9、一点上我与你看法不同。,归纳拓展differ from.in.在方面与不同differ(with sb.)about/on/over sth.(和某人）关于某事意见相左，在某方面有异议/不同意different adj.有差异的，不同的be different from sb./sth.in sth.在某方面不同于某人/某物differently adv.不同地difference n.差别，差异make a/no difference有/没有影响；重要/不重要tell the difference between.区分,用differ的适当形式填空（1）My husband has seve
10、ral shirts of colors.(2)It does make a to us whether we can speak English fluently.(3)The conditions of our classroom have from what you saw five years ago.（4）Boys and girls may behave.,different,difference,differed,differently,2.anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的 From that moment they started to feel and they sle
11、pt badly that night.(回归课本P23）经典例句 Mothers are anxious for the safety of their sons in Iraq.母亲们都渴望他们在伊拉克的儿子平安无事。I could see that she was anxious for Laura to go.我看得出她渴望劳拉去。We were anxious that there was no misunderstanding.我们极愿没有误解。,anxious,归纳拓展be anxious about/for sb./sth.为而担心be anxious for sth.渴望某事
12、be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事be anxious for sb.to do sth.急于让某人做某事anxiously adv.焦急地，担忧地anxiety n.忧虑，渴望with anxiety=anxiously焦虑地,易混辨析anxious/eager(1)anxious焦急的，发愁的，含有未知结果如何，有些为之担心的意味，anxious后可接for(about)和to do结构。（2）eager渴望的，热切的，着重指渴望什么或做什么的迫切心情，eager后面可接for和to do。,用anxious的适当形式填空People all over the count
13、ry were about the safety of the people trapped underground,waiting on the spot or before TV set.,anxious,anxiously,3.exactly adv.确实如此；确切地；正是，一点不错（答语，表示赞同或强调正确）经典例句 The train arrived at exactly 8 oclock.火车八点钟准时到达。Their answers are exactly the same.他们的回答完全一样。Do you mean that we are stuck here?你的意思是我们被
14、困在这儿了？Exactly,my dear.一点儿不错，亲爱的。,归纳拓展to be exact确切地说exactly speaking确切地说not exactly根本不，一点也不；不完全是（纠正对方刚说过的话）翻译句子（1）我不能确切地记得她说过什么了。(2)那么你认为我们应该卖掉那房子？正是。,I cant remember exactly what she said.,Do you think we should sell the house?Exactly.,4.risk vt.&n.冒险；风险经典例句 He saved my life at the risk of his own.
15、他冒着生命危险救了我的命。By criticizing the boss he risked losing his job.他冒了丢掉饭碗的危险去批评老板。You have to take/run a lot of risks if you want to succeed in business.如果想在生意上取得成功，就得冒许多风险。,归纳拓展take a risk/take risks冒险的某事risk ones life冒极大的危险risk doing sth.冒险做某事at risk处境危险，遭受危险at the risk of sth.冒的危险run/take the risk of
16、 doing sth.冒险做某事完成句子你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。,You have no right to take risks with other peoples lives.,5.various adj.不同的，各种各样的经典例句 At the class meeting,the students had various opinions.班会上，学生们提出了不同的意见。She took the job for various reasons.她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。The children vary in age from 8 to 15.那些孩子的年龄从8岁到15岁不等。
17、,归纳拓展various views各种各样的观点for various reasons因种种理由variously adv.不同地variety n.种种；种类；多样化a variety of/varieties of多种多样的vary v.变化，不同vary with.随而变化vary from.to.从到变化不等用various的适当形式填空He always has reasons for his coming late.I dont know how he can think of such of reasons.,various,varieties,6.preference n.偏
18、爱，较喜欢的东西；喜爱经典例句 Which is your preference,tea or coffee?你喜欢喝哪一种，茶还是咖啡？Parents should not show preference for any one of their children.父母不应该流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。They preferred to stay at home rather than go to the movies.他们宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。,归纳拓展have a preference for偏爱，喜欢give preference to优待in preference to而不是p
19、refer to do.rather than do.喜欢做而不愿做prefer doing.to doing.喜欢做而不喜欢做prefer that.(should)do sth.宁愿某人做某事,用所给动词的适当形式填空（1）I prefer to go there on foot rather than(take)a bus.(2)Most of us prefer reading novels to(watch)TV.（3）The old man preferred that all his children(stay)with him.,take,watching,(should),s
20、tay,7.amaze vt.使大为吃惊，使感到惊愕 Marco,in turn,was by how beautiful and powerful China was.（回归课本P26）经典例句 We were amazed by/at the news of his sudden death.他突然去世的消息使我们感到惊愕。I was amazed to find her there.发现她在那儿，我感到很惊讶。He told us the amazing news.他告诉了我们这个令人惊讶的消息。,amazed,The amazed look on his face showed tha
21、t something amazing happened.他脸上惊异的表情表明有什么惊奇的事情发生了。归纳拓展amazed adj.（人）惊讶的，吃惊的amazing adj.令人惊奇的amazement n.惊愕be amazed at/by sth.对大为惊讶，感到惊异be amazed to do sth.对做感到惊讶amazed look惊愕的表情amazing news令人惊愕的消息in amazement惊愕地to ones amazement=to the amazement of sb.使某人惊愕的是,用amaze的适当形式填空(1)The news all the peopl
22、e present.(2)It was that he was taken away by the police.(3)Much to my,the amazing news making all the people was created by a little boy.,amazing,amazed,amazing,amazement,amazed,8.confuse vt.混淆，弄乱；使困惑 He was also by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.（回归课本P26）经典例句 I confused her with her
23、 sister because they are so alike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。The room was in complete confusion.这个房间乱七八糟。,confused,归纳拓展confusing adj.令人困惑的（主要用于事物）confused adj.感到困惑的（主要用于人）confusion n.困惑confuse A with/and B把A与B混淆用confuse的适当形式填空They asked me so many questions that I got.,confusing,confused,9.quantity n.量，数量
24、 He went to a city where iron was produced in huge.(回归课本P27）经典例句 A large/vast quantity of beer was sold.大量啤酒被售出了。We even have expensive cars that are manufactured in small quantities.我们甚至生产少量的昂贵汽车。Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。,quantities,归纳拓展a large
25、/small quantity of大/少量的quantities of大量，许多的in quantity/quantities大量地，很多in quantity and quality在数量上和质量上注意“a quantity of+n.”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与of后面的名词在数上保持一致，这是因为该名词是中心词。而（large)quantities of修饰的无论是可数（单数或复数）还是不可数名词构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词一律用复数，这是因为quantities是中心词。,用be的适当形式填空（1）Large quantities of water needed for cr
26、ops.(2)There a large quantity of milk.(3)A large quantity of flowers grown in our garden.,are,is,were,10.shock n.打击；震惊；休克；vt.&vi.使震惊；使惊 愕；使触电经典例句 The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him.他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。He was shocked at her smoking.看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。She was white with/from shock.她因为震惊脸色变白了
27、。,归纳拓展with/from shock由于震惊a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊suffer from shock休克be shocked at对感到吃惊be shocked to do sth.深感意外地去做某事,翻译句子陈琳的死使我们大家都大为震惊。,Chen Lins death was a great shock to us all.,11.distant adj.远处的；久远的；疏远的，不友好的，冷淡的；远亲的 Later,these rocks proved that at one time in th
28、e past the Antarctic was covered by plants.(回归课本P28）经典例句 World peace was just a distant hope.和平只是遥不可及的希望而已。You can see the ancient ruins in the distance.你在远处可以看到古代的废墟。I got a masters degree through distance learning.通过远程学习我获得了硕士学位。,distant,归纳拓展a distant relative远亲distance n.距离,间距in the distance在远处,在
29、远方keep sb.at a distancekeep ones distanceat a distance隔开一段距离distance learning远程学习用distant的适当形式填空We used to be close friends,but now we are.He often keeps me at.,与保持距离,distant,a distance,12.within prep.在之内；在之间；在里面经典例句 You should receive a reply within seven days.你可以在七天之内收到答复。The climbers got to a pla
30、ce within 20 metres of the top of the mountain.登山者们到了离山顶不到20米的地方。The noise seems to be coming from within the building.吵闹声好像是从楼房里传来的。,归纳拓展within表示“在里（内部）”，同义词是inside：表示“不出（某范围限度）”之意，其反义词为beyond。易混辨析within/in/into(1)within着重一段时间终结之前或在一定的范围内，用于正式场合。If you dont hear anything within three days,phone aga
31、in.你要是在三天之内听不到任何消息就再打个电话。,（2）in表示“在里面”的静止状态或一定范围内的动作。The top drawer is the one with knives and forks in.最上面的抽屉是放刀叉的。（3）into是动态介词，表示动态位移，即“到里；到上”。Throw it into the fire.把它扔进火里。,翻译句子(1)他们在半年内盖好了这座房屋。(2)这个村子在一百米以内有三个酒馆。,They finished the house within half a year.,The village has three pubs within a hun
32、dred metres.,13.aim n.瞄准；目标，目的；vi.&vt.瞄准；（向某 方向）努力经典例句 He aimed the gun at the door.他把枪对准那扇门。My brother aims to be a novelist.我弟弟立志当小说家。I started to learn English with the aim of becoming a interpreter.我开始学英语，目的是做一名教师。,归纳拓展achieve ones aim达到目的take aim at.向瞄准with the aim of+动名词以期，意在aim at目的在于，旨在be ai
33、med at针对，目标是aim to do sth.目的在于（旨在，志在）做某事翻译句子我的话并非针对你说的。,What I said was not aimed at you.,14.observe vt.看到；观察到；注意到；观察；遵守（规则、法律等）；庆祝，欢度经典例句 His neighbor observed a stranger enter his house and take away some valuables.他的邻居看见一个陌生人进入他家，拿走了许多贵重 物品。He was observed to pass by the store in a hurry.有人发现他从商店
34、旁边匆匆而过。,Have you observed anything unusual in his behaviour recently?你注意到最近他行为有些异常了吗？He observed that it had suddenly grown much colder.他发觉天气突然变得冷多了。,归纳拓展observe+sb.+do/doing sth.看到、察觉到某人做某事/正在做某事observe sth.观察（注意到）某事物observe the laws of the land遵守该国法律observe festivals,birthdays,anniversaries,etc.庆祝
35、节日、生日、周年等observer n.观察者，观测者；遵守者observation n.观测，监测，观察，观察力注意 observe属于感观动词，在主动语态中，作宾补的不定式不带to,但在被动语态中则必须用to。,用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)I observed him(stop)at the gate.(2)Officers observed him(drive)at 90 miles per hour.(3)The woman was observed(follow)him closely.,stop,driving,to follow,15.disadvantage n.不利因素，不
36、利条件，劣势 of US trip(回归课本P30）经典例句 If you dont speak good English,youll be at a big disadvantage when you try to get a job.你要是英语讲得不好，找工作时会处于非常不利的地位。What are the advantages and disadvantages of this plan?这个计划的优缺点是什么？,Disadvantages,归纳拓展advantage n.优势，长处；利益；便利advantages and disadvantages优点和缺点，利弊at an advan
37、tage处于有利地位；占优势at a disadvantage处于不利地位take advantage of乘机利用gain/win/have an(the)advantage over胜过，优于to ones advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利的是,完成句子（1）His lack of education(是 不利条件）when he looked for a job.(2)（对他不利的是），he has not enough money to invest in the project.（3）Her teaching experience gave her（很大的
38、有利条件）over the other applicants for the job.,was a disadvantage,To his disadvantage,a big,advantage,16.staff n.员工，全体员工经典例句 The staff in the shop are very helpful.这家店里的店员很热心。The staff are taking notes while listening.全体员工都一边听一边记笔记。The staff is very efficient.全体员工的效率非常高。have a staff of 1,000有1 000名员工,归
39、纳拓展staff作主语时，若看作整体，谓语动词用单数，若看作个体，谓语动词用复数。类似的名词还有：family,class,group,team,army,government,party,board,crew等。完成句子（1）I have arranged that(我的 一个职员）will meet you at the airport.(2)The young woman manager(有500名员工）in her company.,one of my staff,has a staff of 500,17.limit n.&v.限制，限度，限定经典例句 Ill help as muc
40、h as I can,but theres a limit to what I can do.我会尽力帮忙，但我所能做的也是有限度的。We must limit ourselves to an hour.我们必须限定为1小时。There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的。,归纳拓展the speed/weight/time limit限速/限重/限时upper/lower limit上/下限within(ones)limits在一定限度内，在某种程度上beyond the limit超过限度without li
41、mit无限制地set a limit to限制limit sth.to sth.把某事限制在之内翻译句子我们必须限定每人只吃一块蛋糕。,We must limit ourselves to one cake each.,重点短语与句型18.take off脱下（衣、帽、鞋等）；起飞；动身，离 开；减去 经典例句 He took off his wet clothes.他脱下他的湿衣服。The plane takes off at 4 oclock.飞机将于4点钟起飞。They are taking 50%off all the goods in that shop.那家店所有商品都打五折。,归
42、纳拓展含take的常见搭配：take away拿走；消除（感情、痛苦等）take back收回（言语）take down写下，记下take on呈现；具有；雇用take over接收，接管take in领会，理解；吸收；欺骗take out拿出；去掉take up拿起；开始（从事于）；占据（时间、空间）,用适当的介、副词填空（1）“You can take anything you like”,he said to his friend.But soon he wanted to take what he said.(2)The table takes too much room.,away,
43、back,up,19.back out决定不履行（允诺的事）；食言；退出.I tried to,but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.(回归课本P25）经典例句 Once you have given your words,dont try to back out.一旦答应了人家，就不要食言。George promised to contribute$200,but backed out of it when the time came.乔治本来答应捐献200美元，可到了时候又不捐了。,back out,归纳拓展back out o
44、f the deal退出这笔交易back into/out of/on to.退进/出/到上back away(from)（因害怕等而）后退翻译句子我希望你不会在最后的时刻变卦。,I hope you will not back out at the last moment.,20.turn up出现，到场；开大（音量、水等）When I for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out,but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.(回归课本P25）经典例句 He is
45、 still hoping something will turn up.他仍然在期待着好机会的出现。I cant hear the radio very well;could you turn it up a bit?我听不清收音机的声音，你能不能开大一点？We arranged to meet at the cinema at 730,but he failed to turn up.我们安排七点半在电影院见面，但他没有出现。,turned up,归纳拓展与turn有关的常用短语：turn down降低；拒绝turn in交还turn off关闭turn on打开turn out关掉；证实
46、，结果是turn to向求助,易混辨析turn up/show up(1)turn up侧重从无到有的变化，即从看不见到出现在视野里。（2）show up意思是“露面”，比如说在某个时间里有没有在场等，不强调从无到有的变化。,用适当的介、副词填空（1）In the dark street there wasnt a single person whom I could for help.(2)He tried to join the army but was because of poor health.(3)We invited her to dinner but she didnt eve
47、n bother to.(4)The job to be harder than we thought.,turn to,turned down,turn up,turned out,21.get across使理解（某事）；使明白，表达，通过 Its difficult to how exciting it is!(回归课本P25）经典例句 I have tried to get my point across.我已尽力让我的观点清晰明了了。The message got across at last.这信息终于被理解了。Did your speech get across to the c
48、rowd?你的演说听众理解吗？,get across,归纳拓展run acrosscome acrossgo/get across the river过河get sth.through to sb.使某人理解或接受某事,偶然遇到，偶然发现,翻译句子他发现难以使他们了解他的想法。,He found it difficult to get his idea across to them.,22.break out(坏事）突然发生；爆发 Not long after his return,a local war near his town.(回归课本P26）经典例句 We got married b
49、efore the war broke out.我们在战争爆发前结婚了。Fighting had broken out between rival groups of fans.双方球迷发生了打斗。,broke out,归纳拓展break组成的常见搭配：break away(from)逃脱；挣脱；脱离break down损坏，坏掉；分解；（关系或讨论）破裂，失败；感情失控；捣毁；排除break in闯入；打断，插嘴break into闯进；开始做；打断break through冲破；突围；钻出break up打碎，粉碎；使（关系）破裂；终止，结束；制止，驱散；放假,易混辨析take place
50、/happen/occur/come about/break out(1)take place意为“发生；举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因。（2）happen意为“发生；碰巧”，一般指偶然或突发性事件。（3）occur意为“发生；想到，想起”，指在一定的时间发生一定的事件。（4）come about意为“发生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不清楚怎么回事，常用于疑问句和否定句。（5）break out意为“发生；爆发”，常指战争的爆发，或者灾难、疾病的发生，也表示突然大声叫喊等。,用适当的介、副词填空（1）The prisoner broke from his
