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1、英 语专 题 复 习,阅读理解-主旨大意题,You raise me up,so I can stand on mountains;You raise me up,to walk on stormy seas;I am strong,when I am on your shoulders;You raise me up:To more than I can be.,HAPPY TIME:guess the name of the song,_,_,_,You raise me up,How to grasp the main idea?,Step1.高考阅读理解常见题型,A.Main idea
2、s(归纳概括主题)B.Guess the meaning(词语义的猜测)C.Details(细节)D.Inference&judgment(推理判断),1.The underlined word“”means _.2.All of the following statements may be true except_.3.The text is mainly about _.4.From the text we know that the writer is most likely _.,Main ideas(归纳概括主题)B.Guess the meaning(词语义的猜测)C.Detai
3、ls(细节)D.Inference&judgment(推理判断),A,B,C,D,1.The passage deals mainly with.2.The best title of the passage is 3.What does the passage mainly discuss?4.It can be concluded from the passage that _.5.Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.6.What is the authors main idea?,deals mainly w
4、ith,The best title,mainly discuss,main idea,1.What does the writer mainly tell us?2.Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this passage?3.Which of the following best expresses the main idea?4.What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with?5.The best headline for this newspaper arti
5、cle is _.,I.main idea型,即:主题型.,II.topic 或 title型,即:标题型.,Step2主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:,mainly tell us,summarize,best expresses,last paragraph chiefly,concerned with,best headline,类型,Step3.方法指导,Find the topic sentences(主题句)Catch the key words（高频词）Get the cue words（提示词）,认真阅读文章的第一段(最后一段)或每段的第一个句子（最后一个句子）。,文章的主题作者往
6、往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词.,文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。例如：On the whole,in short,therefore,Example 1 People have different tastes(味觉)in food.Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat.Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal.Othe
7、rs prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti,eggplant,and fresh fruit.Others could live on what were called fast-foods:a hamburger or hot dog,French fries and a soft drink.,练中学,Some,Some,Others,Others,（1）主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。,练中学,Example 2Some students
8、 prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do.Others prefer to be left to work on their own.Still others like a democratic(民主的)discussion type of class.There is no teaching method can be devised to(被设计出)satisfy all students at the same time.,(2)主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据,层层推理论证,最后自然得出结论,即段落的主
9、题。,Some students,Others,Still others,Example 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight（手电筒）on a dark night（黑夜）if a tire goes flat.Few inventions（发明）are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark.In fact,the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a c
10、loset（橱柜）is easy with a flashlight in hand.A camper（露营者）also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.,(3)在短文中间主题句也可以安排在段中间,此时前面只提出问题，文中的主题由其后陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,然后再作进一步的解释,支持或发展.,练中学,_,_,flashlight,I:English is clearly an international(国际的)language.It is spoken by pilots(飞行员)and airpor
11、t control operators on all the airways of the world.Over 70 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.,本段主题句为首句,其后的内容均说明首句。,Please find out the key sentence of the following passages.,巩固练习,II.Just as I settle down to read or watch television,he demands that I play with him.If I get a telep
12、hone call,he screams in the background or knocks something over.I always have to hang up to find out whats wrong with him.Baby-sitting with my little brother is no fun.He refuses to let me eat a snack in peace.Usually he wants half of whatever I have to eat.Then,when he finally grows tired,it takes
13、about an hour for him to fall asleep.,有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。,_,he,_,he,he,he,he,my little brother,Who are the winners?擂台争霸,1,2,3,4,5,Often no one looks more guilty(有罪的)than the innocent(清白的).On the other hand,nobody may look more innocent than a professi-onal cr
14、iminal(国际罪犯).And the man who knows“everything”may really only be trying to hide(隐藏)his own weakness.So,it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance,1,Q:What is the topic sentence?,So,The whole family had experienced(经历)such a storm before and everyone remembered the damage(损失)it had
15、 caused to stock and cropsThere was very little we could do about the corps（庄稼）.But we needed to protect the animals in case the river flooded againMy older brother called his sheep-dog and began driving our small flock of sheep to higher ground above riverIf the river flooded(淹没)，they should be saf
16、e(安全)there,_,_,2,Q:What is the topic sentence?,Eg.2 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer(癌症).Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness),cancer,cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems.For example,it can give o
17、ne a“smokers cough”.Finally,studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds.Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer,cancer,smoking is harmful.Is it worth it?,What is the main idea?A.cigarette smoking can cause cancerB.smoking can cause the most serious and terrible
18、disease(illness)C.smoking also can cause other health problemsD.smoking is harmful.,D,3,You dream each night,even though you may not remember your dreams.While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats（跳动）faster.Even your brain-wave pattern changes.Some scientists think that dreaming is importan
19、t for the sake of health.They claim that without dream,people would go crazy.Q:What does the passage mainly tell us?,How people stay healthy How sleep is necessary C.Why dreams are important D.When people remember their dreams,C,4,Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy.They feel heavy
20、 pressures(压力)from their parents to do well in school.Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have a wonderful(精彩的)life.Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students,it can have very bad results for many students who are not quick enough at learning.,Q:What is the topic sentence?,5,_,_,
