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1、Tenses,.初中英语八种时态归纳复习,一、一般现在时,二、一般过去时,三、一般将来时,四、现在进行时,五、现在完成时,六、过去进行时,八、过去将来时,七、过去完成时,to clean the room,1.一般现在时：,2.一般过去时：,3.现在进行时：,4.过去进行时：,5.现在完成时：,6.过去完成时：,7.一般将来时：,8.过去将来时：,We _ the room every day.We _ the room just now.We _ the room now.We _ the room at 5:00Yesterday afternoon.We _ the room alrea
2、dy.We _ the room before he arrived.We _ the room tomorrow.He said he _ the room next.,clean,cleaned,are cleaning,were cleaning,have cleaned,had cleaned,will clean,would clean,概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的 某种 状况。,Back,时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays,etc.,基
3、本结构：be动词；行为动词,1.The boy usually _(play)football after school.2.There _(be)many people in the world.3.The sun _(rise)in the east and _(set)in the west.,一般现在时,否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。,一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。,1.He does his h
4、omework every day.(改为否定句）He _ _his homework every day.,2.Mr.Smith has a meeting every week.(改为否定）Mr.Smith _ _a meeting every week.,doesnt,do,doesnt,have,I often go shopping on Sundays._ you often _ shopping on Sundays?,Tom always has a shower in the morning._ Tom always _ a shower in the morning?,Do
5、,go,Does,have,知识扩展：一般现在时表将来1）下列动词：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。
6、When Bill comes(不是will come),ask him to wait for me.Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等后。I hope they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room,1.They usually have lunch at factory.They usually have lunch
7、 at factory_ _?,2.The boy hardly knows anything about it.The boy hardly knows anything about it,_ _?,dont,they,does,he,反义疑问句：肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问句；否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问句。,特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序。,1.He weighs 70 kilograms.,How much does he weigh?,2.We have a class meeting once a week.,How often do you have a class meeti
8、ng?,概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。,时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.,基本结构：be动词；行为动词,Back,否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。,一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。,一般过去
9、时,用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。If I were a bird,I would fly to Beijing.If he were here now,we could turn to him for help.,1.I _ in that university ten years ago.（be)2.They at home at that time.(be)3.She well when I last saw her.(not look),Back,6.you well last night?(sleep)7.It on a cold winter morning.(h
10、appen),4.Mary at school yesterday.(not be)5.They told me that the rats a real problem around here.(be not),was,were,didnt look,wasnt,werent,Did,sleep,happened,概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。,时间状语：now,at the moment,these days,etc.或引起对方注意的词，如：look,listening,stop talking,等。,基本结构：am/is/are+doing,否定形式：am/is/are+
11、not+doing.,一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。,Back,现在进行时,1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如：We are waiting for you.2.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.3.表示渐变的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting wa
12、rmer and warmer.4.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.,知识扩展：不用进行时的动词1)事实状态的动词。如：have,belong,cost,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue I have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister.2)心理状态的动词。如：know,realize,think see,believe,s
13、uppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate I need your help.He loves her very much.3)瞬间动词。如：accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.I accept your advice.4)系动词。如：seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn You seem a little
14、tired.,Back,1.It is six oclock now.Jack _newspapers.(deliver)2.It is late at night._the twins still _TV?(watch)3.Dont shout.Our teachers _an important meeting in the next room?(have)4.A:Where is your monitor?B:He _a model ship in the classroom.(make)5._you_ better today?(feel)6.Spring is here.It_war
15、mer and warmer.(get),概念：1、表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在发生或进行的行为或动作。,时间状语：at that time,this time yesterday,at eight oclock last night,from May to October last year 等。,基本结构：was/were+doing,否定形式：was/were+not+doing.,一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。,Back,过去进行时,2、表示过去的一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在进行。以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。,1.-_ he _ TV this
16、time yesterday?-No,he _.(watch)2.They _(not do)homework when I got back.3.When I called him,he _(have)dinner.,Back,4.While Mary _(work)as a waitress,her friends _(study)at university.,概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或某个从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。,时间状语：already,yet,never,ever,just,before,twice recently,lately,in
17、the past few years,since for,etc.,基本结构：have/has+done,否定形式：have/has+not+done.,一般疑问句:把 have或has 放于句首。,Back,现在完成时,1.She _(finish)doing her homework yet.2.The rain_(stop).Shall we go on with our football match?3.-_ you _(wait)long?-No,just a few minutes.4.I _(not see)her for three years.5.I _(be)here si
18、nce last October.6.Look!I _(catch)a big fish.,Back,概念：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作，即“过去的过去”。,时间状语：常与by,before 等构成的短语连用，也可与等引导的从属句连用。,基本结构：had+done,否定形式：had+not+done,一般疑问句：had放于句首,Back,过去完成时,1.By the end of that year Henry_(collect)more than a thousand foreign stamps.2.They _(reach)the village before 6 p.m.3.
19、_you _(get)everything ready before your mother came back yesterday?4.When the police got there,the thief _(go)away.5.He said she _(work)as a reporter since 1995.,Back,概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。,时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,before long,in a few minutes,sooner or late
20、r,this coming Sunday,etc.,基本结构：am/is/are/going to+do；will/shall+do,否定形式：am/is/are+not;will+not+do/shall+not+do,一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首,Back,一般将来时,shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first？Will you be at home at seven this evening?2)be going to+不定式，表示
21、将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month.c.有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds;there is going to be a storm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to+不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Bei
22、jing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。,be going to/will的用法之比较：用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。例如：If you are going to make a journey,youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes,we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.be to
23、和be going to 的用法之比较：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则表示主观的打算或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.(客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.(主观安排),1.We _(help)Grandma Li with the housework this coming Saturday.2.What _we _(do)next?3._ you _(help)him with his lessons tonight?4.T
24、here _(be)a football match tomorrow afternoon.5.We _(not plant)trees along the river this year.6.I_(tell)him the news as soon as he comes here.7.I _(go)for a picnic if it rains.8.They say that it _(be)good weather tomorrow.,Back,概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。,时间状语：the next day(morning,year),the follo
25、wing day/week/month,基本结构：was/were/going to+do；would/should+do,否定形式：was/were/not+going to+do;would/should+not+do,一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。,Go,过去将来时,1.He said he _(not come)back the next day.2.He told me that he _(not be)a teacher when he grew up.3.They never knew what _(happen)to the worl
26、d in a hundred years.4.I wasnt sure if he _(speak)at the meeting.5.He promised he _(help)us with the work.,Back,.几种常见时态的相互转换,英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：,一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换,在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is+一段时间+s
27、ince+一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since+一般过去时”的句型中。,Go,1.Two years has passed since he joined the League.,Back,It is two years since he joined the League.,2.He has been in the League for two years.,He joined the League two years ago.,二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
28、,在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）,at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。,e.g.Peter is at work,but Mike is at play.=Peter is working,but Mike is playing.,三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换,在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming,Mum!意为“我就来，妈妈！”,e.g.The train is leaving soon.=The train w
29、ill leave soon.,四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换,“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。,e.g.We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.=We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.,.中考动词时态考点分析,一、根据时间状语确定时态的原则,1.Hurry up!The
30、 play for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began,析 1.C。since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。,二、在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则,2.Do you know if back next week?If he back,please let me know.A.he comes;will come B.will he come;comes C.he will come;comes D.will he come;will come,析 2.C
31、。if既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。,三、根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则,3.When this kind of computer?-Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used,析 3.B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。,四、利用上下
32、文语意确定时态的原则,4.Hi!Lin Tao.I didnt see you at the party.-Oh,I ready for the maths exam.A.am getting B.was getting C.got D.have got,析 4.B。此例由didnt,at the party推断出应用过去进行时。,五、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则,5.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be,Go,析 5.A。有些动词其动词的时态是“违
33、背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。,.中考实战题练兵,A)用所给词的正确形式填空:1.Mr Brown will go fishing if it(not rain)tomorrow.2.I think he(be)back in a week3.Who(knock)at the door?-I dont know.Let me go and see.4.Bill is strict with himself.He never(leave)todays work for tomorrow.5.-your uncle(return)th
34、e video tapes to Mr Fox?-No.Theyre still in his bedroom.,doesnt rain,will be,is knocking,leaves,Has,returned,6.By the end of last term,they(work)there for ten years.7.Mr.Wang(read)a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday.8.Mr.Green and his wife(live)in London for a few years before they(come
35、)to work in China in 2001.9.They never knew what(happen)to the world in a hundred years.10.About 400 years ago,Galileo(伽利略)proved that the earth(go)around the sun.,had worked,was reading,had lived,came,would happen,goes,Go,B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子:When I got to the cinema,(电影已 经开始了).2.(有一场音乐会)a concert tomorrow afternoon.3.Its three years since he(入团).4.Please let me know(他一回来).5.I(正要入睡)when there was a loud knock at the door.,the film had already been on,There is going to be/will be,joined the League,as soon as he comes back,was just falling asleep,Thats all for today.,Goodbye!,
