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1、写作点拨系列（一）句子写作之五种基本句型,【核心点拨】1.主语(S)谓语(不及物动词V)此句型中的谓语动词要用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语，本身句意完整，后面不需要宾语，但可以跟作句子状语的副词、介词短语或状语从句。He came.他来了。Over the past twenty years,dramatic changes have taken place in China.在过去的二十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。,2.主语(S)谓语(及物动词V)宾语(O)此句型中的谓语动词需要用及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语，本身句意不完整，后面必须要跟宾语，即动作的承受者，这样句子意思才完
2、整。I finished my homework just now.我刚才完成了作业。Some of the students are always longing for holidays.有些学生总是渴望着放假。,3.主语(S)系动词(V)表语(P)此句型也可以称为主系表结构。侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词常用系动词be，表语必须用可以表示主语身份、状态的形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或分词等，构成复合谓语。He is very diligent.他非常勤奋。In autumn,the leaves turn yellow.秋天，树叶变黄。,【点津】系动词常分为以下几类：(1
3、)判断类：be,prove等。(2)持续类：keep,remain,stay,lie,stand等。(3)表像类：seem,appear,look等。(4)感官类：feel,look,smell,sound,taste等。(5)变化类：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go等。,4.主语(S)谓语(及物动词V)间接宾语(IO)直接宾语(DO)此句型中的谓语动词比较特殊，必须跟两个宾语，即指物的直接宾语和指人的间接宾语，句子意思才能表达完整。后面跟双宾语的动词有：(1)do,give,hand,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,send,show,tell,wis
4、h,write等。(2)buy,choose,fetch,bring,get,leave,make,order,play,save,sing,spare等。,Father bought me a gift yesterday.昨天我爸爸给我买了一件礼物。Please hand me that book.请把那本书递给我。,【点津】通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等。间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give,lend,tea
5、ch,take,return,send,pass等。,5.主语(S)谓语(及物动词V)宾语(O)宾语补足语(OC)此句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使句子意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的。能作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。I heard him singing in the next room.我听到他正在隔壁唱歌。I saw the door open.我看到门开着。,【对点训练】.请用恰当的形式完成下列句子1.Im _(给我爸爸帮忙)on the farm.
6、2.The speech is _(令人振奋的).3.They _ their boat _(漆成白色).4.He _(工作努力).5.The young mother _(轻吻了一下她的婴儿).,helping my dad,exciting,painted,white,works hard,gave her baby a gentle kiss,6.He felt a worm _(爬过肩膀).7.He _(已经结婚了).8.We should _(保持谦虚).9.The fact _(证明是正确的).10.Many passengers _(受伤)in the accident.,cra
7、wling over the shoulder,has/got married,keep modest,proved to be right,got injured,.翻译下列句子1.The apples tasted sweet._2.He managed to finish the work in time._3.The teacher often says to us that we should keep our classroom clean and tidy._4.After I told her my story,she smiled._,这些苹果味道香甜。,他设法及时完成了工作
8、。,老师经常告诉我们应该保持教室的干净和整洁。,当我告诉她我的经历后，她笑了。,5.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you._6.I want to have a word with you.Please spare me a few minutes._7.The story sounds very interesting._8.We can only spare one room for you._,你千万别强迫他把钱借给你。,我想和你交谈一下，请给我几分钟。,这故事听起来很有趣。,我们只能给你腾出一个房间。,9.In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps._10.On my 14th birthday,father bought me a new bike._,在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。,在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。,
