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1、定语从句,Attributive Clause,Nov.6,2012,*什么是句子成分？,The earthquake hit the city in 1906.,_ 主语,_谓语,_宾语,_时间状语,We spent two days in that house.,_主语,_谓语,_宾语,_地点状语,I like hardworking students.,_谓语,_宾语,_主语,_定语,The earthquake left many children homeless.,_ 主语,_谓语,_宾语,_补语,My brothers are college students.,_主语,_谓语,
2、_表语,主 谓 宾 定 状 补 表,分析以下句子成分,1、He got up very late yesterday morning.2、Great changes have taken place in myhometown in the past ten years.3、My father can speak English fluently.4、He pointed out the mistakes in my composition.,5、The report sounds interesting.6、Her job is to look after the children.7、My
3、 father has bought me a new bike.8、Grandma told me an interesting story last night.,9、All of us consider him honest.10、We will make our school more beautiful.11、I want you to tell me the truth.12、Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,英语中的五种基本句型,1、主语+不及物动词 2、主语+及物动词+宾语 3、主语+系动词+表语 4、主语+及物动词+间
4、接宾语+直接宾语5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside.There,the air is fresh and the water is clean.That evening we talked a great deal.I can hear birds singing in the green trees.Yesterday he offered me a coffee.,句2,句3,句1,句5,句4,*什么是定语？,定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,Ex.请
5、找出以下句子中的定语。1.The little boy lost a blue pen.2.The student in the classroom needs his brothers help.3.The girl went to the book store and bought a famous book.4.The smiling boy lost the bag bought by his mother.5.The man living in this house always makes noises at night.6.The boy who was standing the
6、re wanted to see the girl whose mother was a famous doctor.,*什么是定语从句？,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：,The man who lives next to us sells books.This is the school where Mr.Smith once taught.,*引导词在定语从句中起什么作用？,1.The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.who的作用:1）引导定从修饰the man 2）代替先行词the man在定从中充当主语2.This
7、 is the school where Mr.Smith once taught.where的作用:1）引导定从修饰the school 2）代替in the school在定从中充当状语,定语从句的引导词 关系代词：who,whom,that,which,whose,as 关系副词：when,where,why*如何判断是使用关系代词还是关系副词？1)This is the mountain village _I stayed last year.2)This is the mountain village _I visited last year.3)Ill never forget t
8、he days _I worked together with you.4)Ill never forget the days _I spent in the countryside.,where,that/which,when,that/which,1.关系代词who/whom/that=先行词：人 定语从句中缺主语时：that、who 定语从句中缺宾语时：that、who、whom 定语从句中缺表语时：thatEx.1)I thank the woman _ helped me.2)The man _ I saw in the office told me to go back.3)Our
9、 teacher is not the one _ she was many years ago.,that/who,that/who/whom,that,2.关系代词that/which=先行词：物 定语从句中缺主语：that、which 定语从句中缺宾语：that、which 定语从句中缺表语：thatEx.1)Did you hear about the earthquake _ happened in Sichuan Province?2)The movie _ we saw last night was very interesting.,that/which,that/which,
10、3.关系代词whose=先行词：人、物，作定语,1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.2)The room whose window faces south is mine.,whose,1.“的”(定语),3.whose+n.充当定从的主语宾语,2.先行词：人物,the name of whom,the window of which,4.关系代词as=先行词：人、物，且被the same,such,so或as修饰He is not the same person as he was.表语2)I have
11、 never heard of so interesting a story as our teacher told us.,宾语,3)This is such a good book as interests us all.,主语,在定语从句中充当主、宾、表,Lets have a try!,1.Here are my neighbors _ home was destroyed by the earthquake.2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _ were asleep.3.Several day
12、s later most of the buildings _ had been damaged were repaired.4.This frightened boy _ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now.,whose,that,that,whose,5.We went to see our teacher _ husband lost his life in the earthquake.6.“Is this the young man _ saved several people trapped under bu
13、ildings?”She asked.7.Ill never forget the day_ we spent together.8.China is no longer the country _ she was.9.Such machines _ are used in our workshop are made in China.10.Now she is not such a lovely girl _ she was two years ago.,whose,who/that,that/which,that,as,as,5.关系副词when,where,why 定语从句中作状语1)I
14、 will never forget the day _ I met you.2)I dont know the reason _ she looks unhappy tonight.3)The house _ I lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.4)I recently went to the town _ I was born.,when,why,where,where,*是否先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词就一定用when,where和why?比较一：1)This is the factory _ we visited last year.2
15、)This is the factory _ we worked last year.比较二：1)Do you believe the reason _ he was late?2)Do you believe the reason _ he told you?比较三：1）I wont forget the days _ we spent in Japan.2)I wont forget the days _ we spent our holiday in Japan.,that/which,where,why,that/which,that/which,when,*when/where/wh
16、y=介词+which1.The building where he lived was very old.=in which2.1949 is the year when the new China was founded.=in which3.He didnt tell me the reason why he was scolded by the teacher.,=for which,1.The village _ I once worked has changed a lot.A.which B.where C.that D.on which2.He has lost the key
17、to the desk _ the papers are kept.A.which B.that C.in which D.in that3.This is the most beautiful park_ I have _ visited Awhich；ever Bthat；never Cwhich；yet Dthat；ever 4.I will never forget the day _ I joined the League.A.which B.when C.in which D.on that5.We are talking about Tonny,_ you met yesterd
18、ay A.whom Bwhich Cthat Dwith who,Lets have a try!,B,C,D,B,A,6.The room _ window is open is mine.A.which B.its C.that D.whose7.Is this the very museum _ some Japanese visitors visited last Wednesday？Aone Bwhere Cthat Dwhich 8.This is the shop_ sells childrens clothing Awhere Bwho Cthe one Dwhich 9.Do
19、 you know Mrs Jackson_ daughter is a famous poet？Athat her Bwhose Cwho Dof whom 10.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A.which B.that C./D.it,D,C,D,B,B,11.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.A.which B.in which C.that D.all12._ cleans the b
20、lackboard should be praised.A.That B.Who C.The one who D.The students who13.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.A.which B.whom C.that D.who14.Dont go in.This is the shop _ we have just been _.A./,to B.that,/C.where,to D.which,there,C,C,D,A,*“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”用法介
21、词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素：A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2)I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3)I have never been to the university _my cousin is studying.,on which,in which,in which,B.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1)Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars?2)Have you found
22、 the book _ I spent 29 US dollars?3)Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4)Have you found the book _ she often talks?,for which,on which,from which,about which,Ex.用“介词关系代词”填空1.Hes the man _ I learnt the news.2.Whos the person _ you just shookhands.3.I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize
23、winner.4.This is the way _ she studies English.5.The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything.6.The key_ she was opening the door broke.7.No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early.,from whom,with whom,of whom,in which,without,which,with which,for which,1.He didnt tell me any
24、news,which upset me.2.As everybody knows,Taiwan belongs to China.3.Well go to the hospital to see the patients,most ofwhom are children.,*限制性定从：与主句关系密切，不可缺少的补充，常译成一个定语（“的”）。非限制性定从：附加的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句，用逗号，翻译成一个句子。例如：This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）The house,which we bough
25、t last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）,非限制性定语从句,试比较：1）Well go to the hospital to see the patients,most of _ are children.2）Well go to the hospital to see the patients,and most of _ are children.*most/many/much/all/20%/one-third of whom表示“其中”which,定从,并列句,whom,them,翻译：有30个学生报名参加本次活动，其中2/3是男
26、生。Thirty students have signed up for this activity,two-thirds of whom are boys.,Ex.用适当的引导词填空。1.My brother had been an engineer，_ was what he wanted to be 2.He reached Beijing in 1998,_,some time later,he became a professor 3._is said above，the number of the students in our school has increased 4.Wri
27、te a letter to a friend，_has some difficulties with his studies 5.There are four rooms in the house，the biggest _ is a drawing room,which,where,As,who,of which,Ex.用适当的引导词填空。6.He is a model worker，_we can learn a lot 7.They had to delay the sports meet till next week，_the weather will be fine 8.The workers,some of_stayed there for two years，came from Africa 9.The building over there is a hospital,north of_ is a small river 10.We shall have to make a decision about Ms King,_story Ive just told you,from whom,when,whom,which,whose,
