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1、现在分词和动名词作定语及作表语的区别,一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词,动名词和现在分词构成形式一样(都是在动词词尾加ing),且均可在句中作表语.究竟是现在分词还是动名词在句中作表语呢?下面介绍几种辨别的方法.,二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词,三、高频考题,一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词,(一)倒置法,(二)加入法,(三)提问法,(一)倒置法,将句中的主语和表语位置互换,谓语不动,若新组成的句子与原句意思相符,句中v+ing形式就是动名词.否则,就是现在分词.例如:,例1.His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语,互换位置后成为:,Teac
2、hing English is his job.教英语是他的工作.,注:互换位置后句子通顺,意思相符.故例中的teaching是动名词作表语.,例2.His job is interesting.他的工作有趣.,互换位置后成为:,Interesting is his job.,注:互换后句子意思不成立,与原句意思更不相符.故例句中的interesting应为现在分词.,(二)加入法,在表语前加上副词very,so或more,most等.句子通顺,意思明确者,为现在分词.否则,为动名词.如:,例1.My job is interesting.,My job is very interesting
3、.,注:句子成立,故interesting为现在分词.,例2.My job is teaching English.,My job is very(so)teaching English.,注:句子不成立,故teaching是动名词作表语.,同理,我们还可以在表语后加个能作宾语的词,若句子成立应为动名词,否则,为现在分词.如:,例1.My job is teaching English.,My job is teaching you English.,注:句子成立,teaching为动名词.,例2.My job is interesting.,My job is interesting you
4、.,注:加you后的句子不成立,故句中的interesting为现在分词.,(三)提问法,能用how对表语提问的是现在分词,反之是动名词;能用what对表语提问的是动名词,反之,为现在分词.如:,例1.My job is interesting.,How is your job?,注:用how提问,句意通顺,故表语是现在分词.,例2.My job is teaching English.,What is your job?,注:用what对表语提问,句意通顺,故表语是动名词.,二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词,试加法是用for带入原含有v+ing形式的词组中,意思通顺者,v+ing形式
5、为动名词.例如:,a car for sleeping,a dancing hall,a hall for dancing,注:两句均通顺,合乎逻辑,所以sleeping和dancing均为动名词.又如:,a sleeping boy,a boy for sleeping,boy 供睡觉,显然意思不通顺,因而sleeping在此处便是现在分词了.,a sleeping car,(car是供睡觉的),(hall是供跳舞的),这样的定语还可以用试加转换定语从句法加以验证.一般说来,能转换成合理的定语从句的,v+ing即为现在分词.如:,a sleeping car,a boy who is sle
6、eping,=,working people,=,=,people who are working,a burning stick,a stick which is burning,高频考题1.Im too busy _ to my family.Why not call them instead?A.writing B.to write C.written D.write 2.The little boy woke up his father,_“Happy Birthday!”A.call B.to call C.called D.calling 3.The car _ in German
7、y in the 1960s looks old now.A.produced B.producing C.to produce D.which produced 4.What are on show in the museum?Some pictures _ by the Africans.A.drawing B.drawn C.drew D.were drawn 5.The sick man stayed in bed,_ very terrible.A.felt B.feeling C.is feeling D.was feeling 6.The boy was seen _ his b
8、ike a moment ago.I am sorry to hear that.A.fell off B.to fall off C.fall off D.to fall down,B,B,B,D,A,B,7.Therere so many beautiful presents in the shop that I dont know _.A.to choose which one B.what choose C.which one to choose D.to choose what 8.How bad!They still have no ideas how _ the problem.
9、Lets go to help them.A.solving B.solved C.to solve D.solves 9.What is the best way do you think _ the wild animals?A.protecting B.to protecting C.protected D.to protect 10.Youd better have your sports jacket _.Its too dirty.Thanks.I will.A.to wash B.washed C.washing D.wash 11.The little boy was made
10、 _ English for another hour.Poor boy!A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read,B,C,C,D,D,12.I think it kind _.A.of him to help me B.for him to help C.that he help me D.of him helping me 13.Its too hot today.Why not _ your coat?A.take on B.to take off C.take off D.taking off 14.Boys,dont forget _ the window
11、s before you leave the classroom.A.closing B.closed C.to closing D.to close 15.He made it _ for people _ the computers by inventing new software.A.easy,use B.easy,using C.easily,to use D.easier,to use 16.All of the plans are very good.I really dont know _.A.which to talk B.which to talk about C.to t
12、alk about which D.I asked you for help 17.Would you please _ any noise The baby has just fallen asleep.A.make B.to make C.not to make D.not make,D,D,A,C,B,D,18.Would you please try _ late again?Sorry,I wont be late again.A.not to be B.to be not C.not be D.be 19.The words _ with“L”arent easily forgotten.A.starting B.started C.to start D.whose starting 20.Have you got anything _?A.to open the box B.opening the box with C.opening the box D.to open the box with,A,D,A,THANKS FOR READING,
