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1、段落,可为一个自然段，也可分为两个或者多个自然段为文章的中心思想服务,三个要点,写什么观点？怎么写主题句？怎么支持主题句,Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?,首先，构思好主体部分的三个观点两类：社会类，教育类,寻找观点的角度,A 社会类题目：经济角度：社会的经济利益，经济发展，发展经济的契机。科技角度：科技发展带来的机遇和危机，工业生产，高科技设备，媒体，电脑，自动化，数字化社会角度：社会的整体良性发展，环境问题，社区安全，卫生情况，医疗建设，公共设施，文化艺术，旅游观光，城市风貌公众角度：
2、公众利益，个人的利益和便利,B，教育类题目,社会能力和工作能力：年轻人在社会上的生存能力，交际能力，交流能力，实践能力，工作能力学校表现和学习能力：学生在理论知识方面的掌握和学习能力的提高，学校的课程安排，设施配置，教学方法和社会要求的接轨，重视理论还是实践，教学质量，课堂气氛，教室素质，教学方法的革新。,性格和情感的健康学生是否有健康的业余爱好和课后活动，性格是否开朗积极，家庭背景，父母教育，父母对子女的影响。身体健康是否参加体育活动，养成良好的生活习惯，过分使用电脑，不注意体育锻炼，生活习惯不好,广告属于社会问题,经济角度：广告宣传产品，促进消费，推动经济公众角度一：广告让消费者了解商品信
3、息，比较商品的优点和缺点，购买到比较合适自己的产品公众角度二：广告有时会夸大其词，误导消费者，让消费者购买自己并不需要的产品。,三个观点，三个中心句,1 One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.2 Meanwhile,advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.3 Despite its importance,ther
4、e is no denying that every now and then,advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.,支持句的解决方法,Explanation 解释Extension 影响Examples 举例Sorting 分类Contrasting 对比,One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.,
5、Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information relating to a product or service by a variety of media,such as television,radio,newspapers,magazines,and so forth.Explanation Examples,With the presence of advertising,a consumer is able to acquire the latest information in the ma
6、rket,such as samples of a product or service,and thereby make a wiser buying decision.Extension Examples,By contrast,without advertising,a consumer is at the risk of purchasing a product that fails to meet all of his or her needs,because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.Cont
7、rasting,Meanwhile,advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.,As said before,advertising is responsible to introduce a product,but in reality,it does more than that.Explanation,Advertising describes a product in such an impressive way and with adding so many
8、visual appeals that it always succeeds in attracting the eye of the audience and driving them into a final purchase.Besides,advertising reminds intended customers of their existing needs or creates fresh needs,keeping them aware that only by purchasing a product can their needs be met.Sorting,By the
9、se two approaches,advertising encourages spending and contributes to economic development.Extension,Despite its importance,there is no denying that every now and then,advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.,It is a shared convention in the advertisin
10、g industry that some properties of products are highlighted while the others are simplified.Explanation,A product,when promoted well,will be highly desired by many,as customers are misguided to ignore the products downsidesExtension,It accounts for why many shoppers regret their buying decisions bef
11、ore long,observing that what they have bought is not what they actually need or fails to live up to their expectations.Extension Explanation,Cosmetics and dietary supplements are among those standard examples,costing individual buyers a lot but not achieving desirable outcomes.Examples,如何写结论段,重新总结主体
12、部分讨论的要点；重新阐述你的立场和观点；不要加入新的内容，尤其是主体部分没有讨论过的内容。,迅速浏览三段中心句,1 One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.2 Meanwhile,advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.3 Despite its importance,there is no denying tha
13、t every now and then,advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase,thereby causing wasteful spending.,In conclusion,advertising plays an essential role in society,not only making consumers well-informed buyers but also fostering economic development.However,consumers should beware of the mi
14、sleading nature of advertising.,专四写作观点,论文观点角度多；科技经济常切磋；肉体灵魂不放过；权利平等要把握；,个人国家多权衡；文化道德思路扩；结合话题多思索；主体论证不难说。,一、科技和经济,讨论是否将动物用于科学实验：Some scientists claim that experiments carried out on animals would be crucial for potential breakthroughs（突破）in treating some of the most-feared incurable diseases.,讨论社会道德下
15、滑：Development of science and technology has given birth to materialism and capitalism which favor the research for economic growth and freedom of men.Consequently,no spiritual,moral,and traditional values are taken into account.,压力大的原因：The rapid development of science and technology makes work today
16、 more demanding than it used to be.,亲情淡漠的原因：The availability of a great variety of high-tech recreational facilities also diverts people from enjoying chats with the members of their families.,环保全球化的原因：Developing countries lack sufficient numbers of qualified scientists and other skilled personnel t
17、o cope with the increasingly serious environmental problems,such as the ozone depletion,the marine pollution and the like.,如果说科技的发展是人类社会进步的助推器，那么经济的影响就是社会前进的方向标。经济的强弱通常会导致某一现象的出现或某种结果的产生。比如在讨论什么是最伟大的发明时，考生可能想到电话。那么如何来支持这一观点呢？试看下面的句子：,The development of the telephone created a new market for the empl
18、oyment of women.The position of telephone operators was most often filled by women,creating a new world of opportunities for females to struggle for the equal rights to males.通过说明电话的发明使女性获得工作更多的工作机会，从而在经济是更加独力，这对于她们争取平等的权利起到了巨大的推动作用。,二、肉体和灵魂,专四大作文常会出一些有关科技发明或娱乐方式的利与弊话题。那么不管是写好处还是坏处，考生应该从该发明或娱乐对人的肉体和
19、灵魂这两方面去组织自己的分支观点。比如电脑对肉体的影响：,肉体,You dont have to be a scientist to see that,due to overuse of the computer,a lot of kids get little exercise,which makes them obese.Another common disadvantage is that playing too much on the computer can cause bad eyesight.,灵魂,1.高频率的信息切换影响孩子们的耐性。There is not deny in
20、that with the advent（到来）of technology,our patience grows thin.,2.媒体中的暴力节目扭曲孩子们的灵魂。Media violence affects children by:increasing aggressiveness and anti-social behavior;intensifying（加强）their fear of becoming victims;making them less sensitive to violence and to victims of violence;encouraging their a
21、ppetite for more violence in entertainment and in real life.,3.对媒体过多关注使孩子们变的孤僻而脱离现实生活。For lack of face-to-face contact,modern children tend to be more introverted(内向),unsocial,isolated and indifferent than those kids in last century.,三、权利和平等,西方的文化在一定程度上可以浓缩为：权利、平等和自由。,动物的保护问题时，可以说：Animals are not cr
22、eated for humans any more than women are created for men,black for white.,在写到政府是否该花钱来发展武器时，可以说：There is no doubt that the advancement of military technologies is one of the greatest dangers to all human rights,including the most basic right to life itself.,在写到环境的重要性时，可以说：All human beings have the fu
23、ndamental right to an environment adequate for their health and well-being.,四、个人国家,有时候，一个现象或问题的出现是由于个人的努力和汗水或个人的疏忽，以及社会国家重视或政府的政策不恰当而导致的。,运动员是否应该拿高薪：Athletes sweat and sacrifice physically and psychologically more than the average people,which can justify their high salary.,青少年犯罪的原因：Young peoples in
24、experience and gullibility easily lead them into traps.(个人的原因),The government failing to establish supporting system to offer help to adolescents can explain this social issue.(国家的原因),在男女平等的意义上使用个人和国家的分析角度也是很有效的：Every woman is worthy to be respected,educated,and safe from exploitation（宣传）.It is our
25、responsibility and right to pray,promote,and protect the human and divine rights（神圣权利）of all.The worlds stability and prosperity depend on it.,The full and equal participation of women in all spheres of life is essential to social and economic development,the abolition（废除）of war,and the ultimate est
26、ablishment of a united world.,五、文化和道德,反对强势文化入侵：,Globalization might undermine（破坏）cultural diversity.Multinational corporations promote a certain kind of consumerist culture,in which standard commodities,promoted by global marketing campaigns，exploiting basic material desires,create similar lifestyle
27、s,which is so-called Coca-Colanization.,该不该撒谎：The dishonest practice of telling lies will produce a perverse impact on ones personality.,作文结尾部分的写作,总结式重申式,总结式,对全文做简短的归纳，概括，得出结论。,真题,In conclusion,TV advertising plays a very important role in our economic behavior.With abundant information available on
28、 TV,we can make sensible choices as consumers.,Importance of keeping a good mood,Taking into account of all these factors,we may draw the conclusion that keeping a good mood brings you not only friendship,but health as well.,重申式,再次强调和肯定文章引言段中阐述的中心思想,Factors influencing young adults,第一段中给出观点My view is that it is friends who have more important influence on young adults.最后一段再次强调观点But,generally speaking,in most cases,friends are the more important influence on young adults.,
