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1、英语作文专题(一),执教老师:樊老师,看图写话:给出画面,或英文提示,按要求写作。,看图(或材料)填空,材料作文(近年各地市常考的题型):给出一定的书面(中文或英文)材料,按题目要求写作,命题作文(多为描写,记事,叙述),中学阶段英语常见的作文题型,写作要求,1.作文一般要求是80-100字2.按照每句8个单词,那整个文章就只有10-12个句子3.每个句子的构成“(定语)主+动词(副词)+(形容词)宾”,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。,短文字数要控制在80-120字,文章太短太长都将扣分。在书写时要字
2、迹清晰、整洁、格式正确,大小写分明、标点符号应正确使用。,了解评分过程,细节失分莫忽略,执教老师:樊老师,1.分析提示信息。2.连词组句。3.同意异词。4.避免简单堆积词汇。5.多运用过渡词,连句成文,使全篇结构紧凑。6.确保语言精练。7.复查纠错。,如何写出好的作文?,一审题写好作文必先审题,明确所给的提示或图表的内容要求,确定写什么,怎么写,怎样在适当的地方提出所写文章的健康积极的中心论点;思路灵巧和视角新颖也可使文章增色不少。,英语作文专题(一),执教老师:樊老师,Brainstorming,写下涉及该题的各种联想和论点,选择语句,运用关联词语排列语句,二结构要考虑好文章的体裁和布局,一
3、般来说,文章包括三个组成部分:主题句点出主旨,发展部分用事实、例子、理由、数据等来发挥阐明主题,说明或支持主旨,结尾句起总结、归纳或概括全段中心的作用。,三表达方式,1 文章中不要总用同一个常用的词,相同意思可用不同单词表达如many可换用millions of,a number of等词。,2 采用多种句式,避免在整篇文章中只使用一两个句式。引入从句、各种语态、语气,或谚语,4 使用恰当的连词、插入语,使文章有较强的连贯性,适当地注意文章的开头和结尾的文采。,3 改变句子的开头方式。不要一味地用主语开头,适当使用状语提前。,执教老师:樊老师,初中常用时态:一般现在时:主+谓+表、宾语+其他一
4、般过去时:主+谓(过去时)正在进行时:be+Ving一般将来时:will+do(动词原型)过去进行时:was/were+Ving现在完成时:has/have+done(动词过去分词),执教老师:樊老师,常用连词表示并列的连词:and,besides,whats more,bothand.neither nor表示转折关系:but,while,only,or,however,though表示因果关系:for,because,then,so表示观点:think,in ones opinion,列举:for example,such as,like罗列层次:First,then,next,secon
5、d,thirdon the other hand(另一方面)解释:1.in other words 2.or 3.That is to say,执教老师:樊老师,作文常用词语,因果:because,because of,therefore,so,as a result,thus例举:such as,like,for example,and so on,肯定:of course,certainly,对照:1.instead 2.instead of 3.On the contrary.总结:1.Generally speaking.2.To tell you the truth.3 Believ
6、e it or not.4.All in all.5 In a word.6.On the whole.7.For these reasons.8.That is why.9.As we all know.=As is known to us转换话题:1.In my opinion.2.In fact.3.By the way.4.I am afraid.,执教老师:樊老师,修饰,注意时态和人称,写人,叙事,议论,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般现在时,从句:名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句被动语态强调句感叹句,修饰,四.复查修改整篇作文写完后,一定要仔细检查,查看有无遗漏的要点和标点符号,并检查字
7、母的大小写、单词拼写,特别要注意文中的动词(主谓一致、时态、语态)使用的正确性以及字数是否符合要求。,检查,句子流畅时态单词拼写冠词大小写标点符号,英语作文十大常见错误分析,俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语作文能力的形成不是一日之功,必须从平时的课堂学习一点一滴抓起,持之以恒。一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体,任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而,很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意,或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现名词不变复数、第三人称单数不加s,前后不一致,以及时态语态、句子完整性等方面的错误。,依据作文的评分原则,若文章内容不切题,则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确,
8、都会被判为零分。例如:一篇以“我的健康饮食”为标题的文章学生如果写成了以某种菜的做法或感谢妈妈为他每天做饭的文章,不管用词多么恰当,语言多么感人,都不能获得高分.所以写作文之前要先审题,最好列出提纲.做到要写什么一目了然.,1.审题不清,2.拼写错误,拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功,但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误.有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差,同时也直接影响内容的表达,会降低作文的档次。常出现的拼写错误的单词很多同学都有共性,在平时的训练中可强调,尽量减少此类错误.,3.名词单复数问题:,单复数的错误产生原因有的是因为语法问题,例如临近原则问题,可数名词和不可数
9、名词分不清.还有的是不认真马虎造成的.误:My father and my mother is all teacher.正:My father and my mother are both teachers.,4.缺少动词,在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的,但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成,如:“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语,而用形容词,但英语形容词不能作谓语,一定要写成:Im tired.误:I happy I can come to Beijing Zoo.正:I am happy I can come to Beijing Zoo.误:The apples cheap.Ill
10、take some.正:The apples are cheap.Ill take some.,5.缺少介词、冠词等,还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法,不了解中英文语言习惯的不同,也会出现明显的错误,造成丢分现象。误:Because heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting.正:Because of the heavy rain we cant hold the sports meeting.,6.代词的误用,英语中代词的形式很多,包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分;此外汉
11、语中很多时候不用物主代词,而英语中物主代词是不可省略的,代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。误:I mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for I father.正:My mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for my father.,7.句子不完整,有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊,所以出现只写半句的现象,这也是造成失分的原因之一。误:Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college.
12、For example,my friend in high school.(这段文章的第二句话没有动词,他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。)正:Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college,for example,my friend in high school.,8.前后不一致,所谓不一致,包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等.例1.When one have knowledge,he can do what he want to
13、do.(人一旦有了知识,他就能想干什么就干什么.)剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致.改为 When one has knowledge,he can do what he wants(to do),9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误,汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化,而对英语来说,这些都至关重要。例:误:When I get to the station the train leave.正:When I got to the station the train had left.,10.综合性错误:,综合性错误是指单词的
14、大小写以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累,遇到好的文章.段落.句子或词组进行载抄积累,对作文的提高有一定的帮助.,I very like my free time.,改为:I enjoy my free time very much.,I think its a good way for me to relax my heart,brain and body.(myself),The free time also makes our friendship better than before.,改为:In our free time,we can commun
15、icate with our friends and strengthen our friendship.,or:I can spend more time with my good friends together and we will be closer than before.,Examples:,I think my free time is wonderful.,改为:I think I have a wonderful time in my free time.Or I enjoy myself very much in the spare time.,My free time
16、is always used to study so Im nor enjoy it very much.,改为:I have to spend all my spare time studying so I dont enjoy it vey much,Although my free time is very busy,改为:Although I am very busy in my free time,.,执教老师:樊老师,1、日本地震3月11日,日本仙台(Sendai)以东海域发生了罕见的大地震,并引发了海啸(Tsunami),那里的人们痛失亲人和家园。作为一名中学生,请你谈谈你的做法
17、和感受。要求:文章语言流畅,逻辑清晰,用词准确,80100字左右;词汇参考:地震earthquake,悲痛sorrow,受到感动 be deeply moved,安慰 comfort,重建 rebuild,自愿做某事volunteer to do sth,执教老师:樊老师,On March 11th,a big earthquake happened in/hit Sendai,Japan,and after that,a tsunami took thousands lives there.Many people lost their relatives/families and their
18、 homes.To help them,some people raise money for them,some people buy something for them,some people go there to comfort the sad children.What more inspiring,thousands of soldiers are trying their best to save lives and rebuild quake-hit homes there,even foreign friends also give them a hand.A lot of Chinese people also volunteered to help them.Im deeply moved by these people.So Ill use my pocket money to buy some food and school things for the children there.I think all of us should do everything we can to help them to get out of the trouble together.,