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1、时态和语态 By Vivian,CONTENTS,一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态,被动语态 Passive Voice,主语是动作的执行者,主动语态,Mary is making a doll.She takes care of the child.He has received the letter.,被动语态,A doll is being made by Mary.The child is taken care of by her.The letter has been received by him.,主语是动作的承受者,动词 过去分词,不同时态下的被动语态,不同时态下的被
2、动语态,1.The Simple Present Tense,一般现在时,3,1.一般现在时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+动词原形,主语+is/am/are+动词过去分词,2.The Simple Past Tense,一般过去时,3,2.一般过去时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+动词过去式,主语+was/were+过去分词,She bought a new car last week.I wasnt there last night.You looked pretty upset just now.He never smoked.,22,例句：,She bought a new car last
3、week.,22,例句：,A new car was bought by her last week.,2.I wasnt there last night.,22,例句：,系表结构 不能变被动,3.You looked pretty upset just now.,22,例句：,系表结构 不能变被动,4.He never smoked.,22,例句：,主谓结构 没有宾语 不能变被动,3.The Simple Future Tense,一般将来时,3,3.一般将来时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+will/shall+动词原形,主语+will/shall+be+过去分词,“祈使句+and/or+句
4、子”结构中前面的祈使句表条件，and/or 后面的句子用一般将来时 Give me one more hour,and Ill get the work finished.Close the window，or youll catch a cold.,22,例句：,4.The Present ProgressiveTense,现在进行时,3,4.现在进行时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+is/am/are+动词ing,主语+is/am/are+being+过去分词,Someone is following me.,I am being followed by someone.,Im watchin
5、g TV now.All the people in the world are seeking happiness.He is meeting the manager tomorrow.The boss is always crabbing about my work.,22,例句：,5.The Past Continuous Tense,过去进行时,3,5.过去进行时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+was/were+动词ing,主语+was/were+being+过去分词,When I came last time,workers were building the hospital.,The
6、 hospital was being built(by workers)when I came last time.,When I saw her,she was working on the computer.He was making a long distance phone call from ten to eleven last night.,22,例句：,6.The Present Prefect Tense,现在完成时,3,6.现在完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+have/has+过去分词,主语+have/has been+过去分词,Workers have complted
7、 many new buildings in the city.,Many new buildings have been completed(by workers)in the city.,7.The Past Prefect Tense,过去完成时,3,7.过去完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+had+过去分词,主语+had been+过去分词,The station had sold out all the tickets when they arrived.,All the tickets had been sold out(by the station)when they arriv
8、ed.,8.The Future Prefect Tense,将来完成时,3,8.将来完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+will+have+过去分词,主语+will+have been 过去分词,Workers will have completed the new factoryby the end of this month.,The new factory will have been complted(by workers)by the end of this month.,By the end of next month,he will have traveled 1000 mile
9、s on foot.By the time you reach the station,the train will have left.I shall have finished it next Friday.The birds will have moved to the south before winter sets in.,22,例句：,9.The Past Future Perfect Tense,过去将来完成时,3,9.过去将来完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+would/should+have+过去分词,主语+would/should+have been+过去分词,He sai
10、d that he would have finished Book One by the end of this term.,He said that Book One would have been finished(by him)by the end of this term.,10.The Past Future,过去将来时,3,10.过去将来时,主动语态,被动语态,主语+should/would+动词原形,主语+should/would+be+过去分词,He said others would love him if he loved others.,He said he would
11、 be loved(by others)if he loved others.,2,This can be done by hand.This point must not be neglected.Coal could be used in place of oil in this sense.The enviroment should be improved.,2,The doctor has been sent for.The meeting will be put off till Friday.,2,This cloth washed very well.Your pen write
12、s smoothly.This book sells well.,2,This novel is worth reading.This watch is worth buying.,4,It is an exciting experience to work as a volunteer.Its worth _ all my life.remembering B.to rememberC.to be remembered D.being remembered,1)Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S+V主+谓+状,It is an exciting expe
13、rience to work as a volunteer.Its worth _ all my life.remembering B.to rememberC.to be remembered D.being remembered,1)Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S+V主+谓+状,解析：AWorth 后接动名词的主动形式，表被动含义。,2,Your shirt needs washing/to be washed.This house requires repairing/to be repaired.,5,The washing machine n
14、eeds _ before it can be used.repairing B.to repairC.being repaired D.to be reparing,1)Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S+V主+谓+状,The washing machine needs _ before it can be used.repairing B.to repairC.being repaired D.to be reparing,1)Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S+V主+谓+状,解析：Aneed 意为“需要”，主语是物用ing表被动,2,Your shirt needs washing/to be washed.This house requires repairing/to be repaired.,2,14,THANKS,谢谢聆听,
