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1、EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Enterprise Information Management,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Lets keep these in mind,Please switch off your mobiles phonesIf you do have to take a call,please step outside and return as quick as possibleFeel free to stop t
2、he session and ask questions!The whiteboard at the front of the room will be for any“parking lot”items that we will clear up by the end of the courseDont worry-there are breaks scheduled before and after lunchParticipate actively!,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,EI
3、M Architecture and Data Warehousing:Module objectives,At the end of this module,you should be able to:Define repository typesDefine data warehousing and business analytics and optimizationUnderstand the role of data warehousing in corporate information technologyUnderstand the history of data wareho
4、usingUnderstand the IBM BI Reference ArchitectureUnderstand the various architecture disciplines required for successful data warehouse projectsUnderstand how to approach defining a solution architecture,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Common questions,What is a da
5、ta warehouse?What distinguishes it from a data mart?What distinguishes it from an operational data store?Why does data warehousing seem to be difficult and time consuming?What different types of analytics and reporting can be enabled by the data warehouse?What does single version of the truth mean?C
6、an I have multiple data warehouses?How do I get started?How do I measure return on my investment in the data warehouse?,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Business Analytics and Optimization,BAO Strategy,Business Intelligence and Performance Management,Advanced Analyt
7、ics and Optimization,Enterprise Information Management,Enterprise Content Management,BAO Strategy and Road mapDetail Business and Financial Case for ChangeBAO Process and GovernanceChange Management and Adoption for Large BAO Programs,Dashboards and ScorecardsPlanning,Budgeting,and ForecastingBusine
8、ss Analytics and Reporting,Advanced AnalyticsPredictive ModelingBusiness OptimizationSimulationVisualizationGeographic Information SystemsBusiness Rules,EIM Architecture and Data WarehousingData Modeling and Industry ModelsData Integration Information GovernanceMaster Data Management,Document and Re
9、cords ManagementWeb 2.0/Web Content ManagementDigital Asset and Rights ManagementArchiving and Record Management,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Jump start discussion,What would you say is the most critical success factor for a data warehouse implementation?,BAO Co
10、mpetency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,One Perspective:Understanding the data,DefinitionIs there an Enterprise Conceptual Data Model?Is there a Common Business Language?Is the data well defined and understood?Is there metadata(definitions and allowed values)?PopulationIs the da
11、ta sparse or well populated?Have crucial applications been identified and mapped to important data domains?ValueDoes storing the data in an organized way facilitate the return of business value?Does the data assist in building predictive models?GovernanceAre data stewards in place?Is Governance in t
12、he proper place in the organization,where it can influence appropriate decisions?Are the values conformed across sources?,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,History of Data WarehousingBusiness ContextBI Reference ArchitectureGathering RequirementsCommon PitfallsGroup
13、DiscussionWrap Up,EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing:Topic,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,A brief history,Business IntelligenceH.P.Luhn:A Business Intelligence System(IBM Journal 1958)Data warehousing:Barry Devlin and Paul Murphy:An architecture for a business
14、and information systems(IBM Journal 1988)Started to grow in the early 1990sIs driven by technology limitations(even today)and silos of operational dataHas information governance and metadata as key components,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,A brief history(continue
15、d),Three key thought leaders,who are pioneers in the field of enterprise data warehouse management are:Bill InmonNormalized warehouse with dependent martsRalph Kimball Superset of marts(dimensional design)Claudia Imhoff Corporate Information Factory refinement,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Archit
16、ecture and Data Warehousing,Father of Data WarehousingDefines the atomic/data warehouse as:Most granularTime variantIntegrated Subject oriented with some summariesNormalizes the atomic/data warehouse with dependent dimensional data martsDefined the Corporate Information Factory(CIF),Source:Building
17、the Data Warehouse W.H InmonMore information available at,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,A data warehouse,a copy of transaction data specifically structured for query and analysis Union of the constituent data martsDimensional modelBuild iteratively as you go,buil
18、ding on evolving user requirementsChallenges the Inmon data warehouse constructs,Source:The Data Warehouse Lifecycle Toolkit Ralph Kimball,et alSearch Inmon versus Kimball on the Web for more information,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Union of Inmon and Kimball(re
19、lational versus dimensional)Data warehouse model is:Reliable across the businessSharable across the enterpriseFlexible in the types of data marts it supportsCorrect across the businessAdaptable to changesUses Inmons Corporate Information Factory model and adapts Kimballs dimensional techniques to it
20、,Source:Mastering Data Warehouse Design Claudia Imhoff,et al,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,History of Data WarehousingBusiness ContextBI Reference ArchitectureGathering RequirementsCommon PitfallsGroup DiscussionWrap Up,EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing:Agend
21、a,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,BAO and Data Warehousing must be in business context,Can only truly be justified based on value returned to the businessAvoid build it and they will comeData warehouse projects typically take more effort,time,and money than origina
22、lly estimated due to unknown data quality issues,lack of true information governance,and unclear requirementsAvoid building for operational reporting It is important to understand the difference between analysis and operational reporting:Depends on data analyzed and the ways in which it is analyzed,
23、BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Types of reporting,OperationalSame DataSame Way,Ad hoc AnalyticsDifferent DataDifferent Way,AnalyticsSame DataDifferent Way,FutureDifferent DataSame Way,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,The Data Ware
24、house role from a business perspective,Trusted source of historical data:TransactionsSnapshotsBusiness hierarchiesProvides the data delivery to:Reporting(follow up)Analytical applications(business development)Input to planning and forecastingAd hoc analysis(business support)Operational system statis
25、tics(operational support),BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Example:Business Architecture,Business Operations,Analysis,Collaboration,IBM FSS,2001-04-12,Personalization,Customer,Interaction,Processing,Marketing,Prospecting,Campaign,Execution,Sales,Needs Analysis,Illus
26、trations,Cross-Sell,Up-Sell,Service,Customer Care,Case Management,Advice and Guidance,Aggregation,Telephony,Internet,Wireless,E-mail,B2B Portal,Desktop,Assisted,CRG-Call,Center,Producer,(Agent),FAX,Mail,Self Service,Internet,e-Mail,Kiosk,WAP,ATM,PDA,B2B,Partners,Resellers,Portals,Core Business,Proce
27、ssing,Develop Strategies,Manage the Operations,Plan the Business,Report to External Parties,Manage the Information,Technology Infrastructure,Product Development,Customer Acquisition,Campaign Planning,Sales Fulfillment,Rating&Risk Assessment,Policy Administration,Customer Service,Accounting,Claims Pr
28、ocessing,Data Marts,Contact Activity Analysis,Segmentation,Profitability,Campaign Planning,Campaign Assessment,Market Management,Data Analysis and,Reporting,Data Mining,Predictive Modeling,Management Reporting,Data Warehouse,Enterprise,Extraprise,Channel,Enablement,Enterprise Application Integration
29、,Data Transformation and Integration,MDM,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Analysis Layer mapped to the BI Reference Architecture,BI Reference Architecture,Data Warehouse,Enterprise Extraprise,Data Marts,Contact Activity Analysis Segmentation Profitability Campaign P
30、lanning Campaign Assessment Market Management,Data Analysis and Reporting,Data Mining Predictive Modeling Management Reporting,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,History of Data WarehousingBusiness ContextBI Reference ArchitectureGathering RequirementsCommon PitfallsG
31、roup DiscussionWrap Up,EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing:Agenda,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,What is a Reference Architecture?,Similarly,there are common components that all data warehouses share.,When we construct a house or building,there are always certai
32、n common components,such as:Foundations Water infrastructure Electrical infrastructure Telecommunications Heating and cooling,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,What is a Reference Architecture?(continued),Reference Architecture is:A component-based,scalable,conceptua
33、l architecture Each layer can be described in terms of people,processes,and technology.Sufficiently flexible to support the unique requirements of each customers business problem,May itself be a component within the broader framework of an enterprise-wide technical infrastructure or architecture,BAO
34、 Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,IBMs Business Intelligence Reference Architecture,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Overview of the BI Reference Architecture,Successful BAO projects and programs consider the key interactions of people,
35、process,and technology.The reference architecture provides a baseline definition of the solution architecture of the Enterprise Data Warehouse(EDW)and a review mechanism for current and future architectural specifications,and reviews throughout the full project life cycle.The reference architecture
36、provides the ability to identify any necessary missing components by providing the full complement of components.Any necessary technical components that do not exist in the current environment can be obtained using either acquisition or extension of existing architectures.,BAO Competency Boot Camp E
37、IM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,The Value of the BI Reference Architecture,The value gained by using a reference architecture include the following:It describes the major foundational components or candidate layers of an end-to-end architectural solution.It applies to all industries and all
38、 solution areas.It provides a common language.It provides a framework for:Identifying the scope of a project.Defining a roadmap for building a total solution.Identifying building blocks which,if not considered,may increase project risk(not all components in the reference architecture are necessary i
39、n every solution).Assessing current infrastructure,tools,and technologies to identify gaps.,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Implementation Considerations,For each of the architectural layers,the following are defined:Recommended Roles(from a RASIC diagram)RASIC=Res
40、ponsible,Approves,Supports,Inform,ConsultTools and ProcessesHardwareSoftwareBest practices documents are available by extension to the reference architecture.The RASIC diagram and best practices documents are available as part of the BI Method.,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data
41、Warehousing,Data Sources layer,The Data Source layer identifies all of the sources of data available within and outside an organization that are accessed and used as part of an informational environment.Enterprise-The realm of data sources available in an organizations IT assets that are used to ope
42、rate the business and contribute data to and receive data from the informational environment.Unstructured-Unstructured information is not captured in data-oriented,structured databases.This can include text documents,email,document management systems,audio,video files,and images.Informational This d
43、ata is already stored in formats commonly used to support analysis and decision-making.Parts of business models(example:budgeting and forecasting,results of mining and other investigative analysis).External This is data that is owned by organizations outside the corporation,but is required by the bu
44、siness.Data sourced from an external provider is considered external data.,Data Sources Layer,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Data Integration occurs in two distinct areas of the architecture.They can be characterized as acquisition which refers to the integration
45、points leading up to and including the data warehouse load,and propagation,which refers to the integration points where the data warehouse is the source and various downstream reporting and analysis applications are the target.Integration during data acquisition is generally the more complex integra
46、tion point given that inputs are usually from several distinct heterogeneous sources that require standardization between them.Data that is integrated at propagation time,while still requiring business rule application and summarization,is usually simpler because the work required to standardize raw
47、 system data has already been completed.Advances in data warehouse technology allow propagation to be done using logical views,also known as the semantic layer,over the EDW.Where performance becomes a concern,these views can be materialized using standard data base functionality.In the case,if this
48、also is insufficient from a performance perspective,separate data mart can be instantiated.,Data Integration layer,Data Integration Layer,BAO Competency Boot Camp EIM EIM Architecture and Data Warehousing,Data Repositories layer,The Data Repository layer is the instantiation of the data architecture
49、.Data is placed within the architecture based on its primary usage(operational versus analytical),latency(near real-time versus snapshots of history),and requirements for sharing amongst applications.As data needs become more immediate for applications,such as Real-Time Modeling,the traditional barr
50、iers between operational and analytical data stores begins to break down.This trend towards more real-time access to analytical data is supported within the architecture as is a more traditional,batch-oriented analytical environment.Repositories within this layer must be modeled regardless of consid
