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1、中考专题复习动词实义动词,李勇太和五中,学习目标,1.常见及物动词用法2.不及物动词用法3.兼作及物动词和不及物动词的意义区别,I hit her.He cut his finger.The sun rises.,及物 vt.,不及物 vi.,及物 vt.,1.实义动词概念实义动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语可把动词分成及物动词（vt.)和不及物动词（vi.)例如：I live in Beijing with my mother.It has a round face.My watch stopped.,是指后面需要使用宾语使其意义完整
2、的动词 如：那条狗使这个孩子高兴起来.,That dog makes the boy happy,On my birthday she gave me a mobile phone as a gift.,They asked us to go fishing with them.,一、及物动词(vt),常见的及物动词,buy,catch,dress,find,found,forget,give,invent,like,make,marry,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,
3、suppose,show,serve,take,tell.,后面只能接动词不定式(to do-)作宾语的及物动词,1.常跟不定式作宾语的动词有:hope(希望)，want(想、要)，fail(失败)，love(喜欢)，pretend（假装），manage(管理)，agree（同意）begin(开始)，need(需)，learn(学会)，agree(同意),decide,determine(决定)，happen（发生）start(开始)，refuse(拒绝)等。Im learning to skate on real ice.我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。,后面只能接动名词做宾语(v-ing)的动词,
4、只能接动名词做宾语的动词：避免错过少延期avoid,miss,put off建议完成多练习suggest,finish,practice喜欢想象经不住enjoy,imagine,cant help承认否定与妒忌admit,deny,envy逃避冒险莫原谅escape,risk,excuse,忍受保持不介意stand,keep,mind,1.Lily finished _ the book yesterday.A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads2.What are you busy _ these days?Nothing much.A.do B.doing C
5、.to do D.done3.Do you want to eat something?_,thanks.I am feeling sick now.I dont feel like _.A.Yes;eating something B.No;to eat anythingC.Yes;to eat anything D.No;eating anything4.No matter how hard it is,well keep _ until we make it.A.failed B.failing C.tried D.trying,B,B,D,D,后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有
6、：,1.begin,start(开始)，like,love,perfer(喜爱),hate(憎恨)，continue(继续)可以接动词不定式或-ing形式作宾语。,+to do+doing,表示具体的动作,表示习惯行为,I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。I like to go swimming.我现在想去游泳。,后面既能接动名词，又可接动词不定式的动词有：,2.stop(停止)，forget(忘记)，remember(记得)，try(试)，go on(继续)等动词接不定式和-ing形式意义有区别。试比较：stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.
7、停止(正在)做某事go on to do sth.接着做另一件事(已做完一件)go on doing sth.继续做(原来未做完的)某件事）,forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已经做)remember to do sth.记住去做某事(还未做)remember doing sth.记住曾做过某事,其他：try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事,mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着某事,cant help to do sth 不能帮忙做某事 can
8、t help doing 忍不住做某事,If you dont feel well,you may just _A.stopped reading B.stop reading C.stopped to read D.stop to read,B,3.need,want,require（要求，需要）,deserve(应得，值得),be worth(值得），后面接doing主动表被动。The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。The old building requires repairing.这座古建筑需要修了。These young trees will requ
9、ire/need looking after.,(5)后面接双宾语的及物动词有：,动词tell(叫，让)，ask(请求)，want(希望)，order(命令)，get(使)，wish(希望)，warn(警告)，teach(教)，invite(邀请)等动词后常跟不定式作宾语的补足语，构成tell/ask.sb.to do sth.“叫/请某人做某事”句型。,Could you ask him to call me,please?请你让他给我打个电话，好吗？,1.My mother often asks me _early.get up B.got up C.getting up D.to get
10、 u2.Yesterday afternoon Mrs Green told the boys _ football in the classroom.A.didnt play B.to not play C.not play D.not to play,D,D,(3)后面接不带to的不定式,1.使役动词let(让)，make(使)，have(使)等;跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,2.感官动词see(看见)，hear(听见)，feel(感到)，watch(观看)，notice(注意到)，look at(看)，listen to(听)等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,What makes yo
11、u think Im a farmer?你凭什么说我是农民？,A woman saw it happen when she was walking past.,感官动词（see）,+sb do doing sth+sb doing sth,表示看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）,表示看见某人做了某事（整个动作过程）,1.“Dont always make Michael _ this or that.He is already a big boy,dear,”Mr.Bush said to his wife.A.do B.to do C.does D.did 2.“Mr.Zhu,youd be
12、tter _ too much meat.You are already over weight.”said the doctor.A.not to eat B.to eat C.not eat D.eat3.Tracy cant play the match now.Please _ instead.A.have Lily do it B.have Lily to do itC.make Lily to do it D.let Lily to do it4.I hear someone _ at the door.Please go and see who _is.knock;it B.kn
13、ocking;it C.knocking;he D.knock;he,A,C,A,B,My watch stopped.It happened in June，1932.She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.I used to live in the countryside.The foreigners arrived（at our school this morning）.You must wait(for your turn).不及物动词只能用于“主谓”结构,但是可加任意状语。或者理解成：后面需要宾语时，必须加上相应的介词，如to,of,at
14、，on,for 等。,二、不及物动词：后面不能直接跟宾语,常见的不及物动词,agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed.,兼作及物动词和不及物动词,Shall I begin at once?She began working as a librarian after she left school.When did they leave Beijing?They left last week.Shes studying medicine.She stu
15、dies hard.Shes typing a letter.Shes typing.Dont move my things.The train is moving now.,意义相同,She couldnt stand the cold.Dont stand in the rain.Wash your hands before meals.Does this cloth wash well.,意义不同,1.Lily finished _ the book yesterday.A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads2.What are you busy _ the
16、se days?Nothing much.A.do B.doing C.to do D.done3.Do you want to eat something?_,thanks.I am feeling sick now.I dont feel like _.A.Yes;eating something B.No;to eat anythingC.Yes;to eat anything D.No;eating anything4.No matter how hard it is,well keep _ until we make it.A.failed B.failing C.tried D.t
17、rying,B,B,D,D,Practice,1.“Dont always make Michael _ this or that.He is already a big boy,dear,”Mr.Bush said to his wife.A.do B.to do C.does D.did 2.“Mr.Zhu,youd better _ too much meat.You are already over weight.”said the doctor.A.not to eat B.to eat C.not eat D.eat3.Tracy cant play the match now.P
18、lease _ instead.A.have Lily do it B.have Lily to do itC.make Lily to do it D.let Lily to do it4.I hear someone _ at the door.Please go and see who _is.knock;it B.knocking;it C.knocking;he D.knock;he,A,C,A,B,总练习,1.The teacher told her students _ in public.A.not to shout B.didnt shout C.not shout D.to
19、 not shout 2.I have finished _ this book.You can take it away.A.to read B.read C.reading D.reads3.Look!How heavy the rain is!Youd better _.A.dont go now B.stay here when it stops C.not leave until it stops D.not to leave at once4.Let him _ a rest.I think he must be tired after the long walk.A.have B.gets C.to take D.has5.The library needs_,but itll have to wait until Sunday.A.cleaning B.be cleaned C.clean D.being cleaned,A,C,C,A,A,Thanks for your listening!,
