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1、,The Object Clause(Revision),The Object Clause(宾语从句)(Revision一),Zhang LichunNanjing No.4 Middle School,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。,了解宾语从句,宾语从句是中考的重点语法项目，其主要的考试形式出现在“选择填空和改写句子”中,宾语从句,在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：I know the
2、man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I know that the man is a policeman.,主句,引导词,从句,宾语,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由疑问代词 who,whom,whose,which，what 和疑问副词 where,when,why,how引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句,（一）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,e.g.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.I am sure(that).（他会成功）,he will be b
3、ack in an hour,he missed us very much,he will succeed,注：陈述句用that引导。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know(that)she is seriously ill.,（二）由疑问代词who,whom,whose,what,which和疑问副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些疑问代词和疑问副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。,例如：Do you know who(whom)t
4、hey are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,练习,（三）由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“
5、是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.,e.g.1.I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Ask him _.（他是否能来）3.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)he will go to the park with us,whether(if)he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,（一般疑问句用whether或if引导）,注意：当句末为or n
6、ot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,注意以下情况只用whether，不用if。,1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如：正：Let me know whether you can come or not.误：Let me know if you can come or not.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：正：Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.误：If it is true or not,I cant tell.,3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：正：I dont kn
7、ow whether to accept or refuse.误：I dont know if to accept or refuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：正：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.误：I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,if既能引导条件状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下。如：I wont go if it rains tomorrow，（条件状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow
8、.（宾语从句）,if表示“如果，要是”,if表示“是否”,这个问题很重要哦,小结:1.that 引导的宾语从句2.疑问词引导的宾语从句3.if/whether引导的宾 语从句,宾语从句,二.宾语从句的语序,I think(that)you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.,宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：,（三）宾语从句的时态,注 意：,I think(that)you are right.Please
9、 tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不受影响。例如：,注 意：,例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He said that he would go back to the U.S.A.soon.He asked if you had written to Peter.,2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从
10、句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。,注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用。,e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.He said that light travels much faster than sound.,一般现在时,Exercise：将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。,1)These flowers are from Guangdong.He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Gu
11、angdong.2)Light travels faster than sound.My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.,that,were,that,travels,3)Are the children playing games?Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.4)Have you finished your homework yet?Mr.Zhao asked Ma Chao Mr.Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ ho
12、mework yet.,if,are,playing,whether,he,had,finished,his,主句为一般过去时态，从句的时态变化情况：从句由原来 变为一般现在时 现在进行时 一般将来时 现在进行时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去进行时,Sum up,一、三类词引导的宾语从句：二、宾语从句的语序三、宾语从句的时态四、还有几种注意事项,从属连词that疑问词：8个“W”,1个“H”从属连词whether/if,1.Finish the exercises on the paper.2.Review the main points of this lesson 3.Rewi
13、ew“direct speech（直接引语）and（indirect speech）间接引语”,Homework,GOODBYE!,板书：复合句：主句+从句（一个或一个以上）一.宾语从句：宾语由句子充当1.that引导的宾语从句，引导陈述句，that可省略2.连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词where,why,when,how引导的宾语从句3.从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句,引导一般疑问句4.注意:（1）whether or/or not（2）句首用whether（3）whether+to do（4）介词+whether5.If的两种含义
14、（1）引导宾语从句：是否（2）引导状语从句：如果，要是二.宾语从句的语序：用陈述语序三、宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受影响2.主句是一般过去时，从句用相对应的过去时态，即 从句原来 变为 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 现在完成时3.若宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。,5)How many people can you see in the picture?Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?6)Where did s
15、he park her car?Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?,how,many,people,we,can,see,where,she,park,7)What does he often talk about?The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.8)Who knocked at the door so loudly?I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.,what,he,talked,who,knocked,9)
16、There will be a meeting in five days.Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.10)Can they speak French?I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.,that,would,be,if,they,can,speak,1.Finish the exercises below.2.Review the main points of this lesson3.Rewiew the Object Clause(二),Homework,
