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1、非谓语动词,一、定义 不充当句子谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词。它们不受主语限制，无时态与语态变化，又称非限定性动词。二、形式1.动词不定式（to do sth.）2.动名词（v.-ing）现在分词（v.-ing)3.分词 过去分词（v.-ed或不规则变化）,考点一 动词不定式 动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，我们主要掌握不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法。,此外，不定式可以与疑问词连用,用作主语、宾语、表语等。I cant decide which one to buy.我不能决定该买哪一件。（作宾语）When to start hasnt been discusse
2、d.什么时候开始还没有被讨论。（作主语）,【温馨提示】(1)help后接不定式时可以省略to；(2)有些动词后接不定式时通常省略to：feel,hear,see,watch,notice,let,make,have（简记为一感一听三看三让）。上述动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上“to”。,Tom helped his brother(to)learn to swim.汤姆帮他的弟弟学习游泳。变为被动语态：His brother was helped to learn to swim by Tom.We often hear Jack sing English songs.我们常听见杰克
3、唱英文歌。变为被动语态：Jack is often heard to sing English songs.,【巧学妙记】只能跟不定式作宾语的动词决心学会有希望（decide,determine,learn,wish,hope）,同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend),胆敢拒绝会失败（dare,refuse,fail）,准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help),提供请求负担起(offer,beg,demand,afford),答应安排理应当（promise,arrange,be supposed）,以上后跟不定式，劝君牢记永不忘。,考点二 动名词 动名词
4、相当于名词、形容词。可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。,元贝驾考网 元贝驾考科目四 科目一 科目三 仿真试题,【巧学妙记】喜欢（enjoy)不断(keep)提建议（suggest)盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish)想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice)忍俊不禁(cant help)还介意(mind)后接动词-ingMy grandfather kept telling jokes and I couldnt help laughing.爷爷不停地讲笑话，我忍不住笑了。,【温馨提示】部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接
5、不定式作宾语，两者意义区别较大。remember doing sth.记得做过某事remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做）forget doing sth.忘了做过某事forget to do sth.忘了去做某事（未做）stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事,need doing sth.需要做某事（被动含义）need to do sth.需要去做某事（主动含义）try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力做某事hear/see sb.doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事hear/see sb.
6、do sth.听见/看见某人做了某事,考点三 分词 1.分词的构成分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”构成。过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。,2.分词的句法功能,.用所给词的适当形式填空1.（2012安顺中考）Mr.Scott made a living by _(sell)old things.2.（2011遵义中考）Trust him!He has no difficulty _(work)out the problem.答案：1.selling 2.working,3.（2011滨州中考）David preferred _(sell)ne
7、wspapers to doing housework when he was young.4.（2011兰州中考）The student _（name）Wang Lin is my example in English learning.5.（2011梧州中考）Davy enjoys _(play)tennis and baseball.答案：3.selling 4.named 5.playing,.单项选择1.(2012安顺中考)Do you know whether the man _ by the door is Mr.Smith?Sure.Weve known each other
8、for a long time.A.stand B.standing C.stood D.stands【解析】选B。standing by the door是现在分词短语作后置定语表示动作正在进行，与被修饰的man之间存在主动关系。故选B。,2.（2012随州中考）Its dangerous _ with the wild animal.A.for us to play B.of us playingC.for us playing D.of us to play【解析】选A。Its+adj.+for sb.to do sth.意为“做某事对某人”，其中it为形式主语，动词不定式to play
9、 with the wild animal是真正的主语，故选A。,3.(2012自贡中考)When are you going to have your hair _?This afternoon.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting【解析】选A。have sth.done“让被做”。过去分词作宾语补足语，与所修饰的宾语之间存在被动关系。故选A。,4.（2011山西中考）Drivers shouldnt be allowed _ after drinking,or they will break the law.A.drive B.driving C.to drive【解析】选C。
10、allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，其被动语态为sb.be allowed to do sth.“某人被允许做某事”。故选C。,5.（2011重庆中考）We dont know _ it next.Lets go and ask Mr.Li.A.what to do B.to do whatC.whether to do D.to do whether【解析】选C。“特殊疑问词+to do”在此作know的宾语，再由it可知，句中已有动词do的宾语，故选C。,6.（2011绵阳中考）Our English teacher encourages us _ part in a
11、ll kinds of after-class activities.A.to take B.takeC.taking D.to taking【解析】选A。encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。,7.（2011江西中考）How kind you are!You always do what you can _ me.A.help B.helpingC.to help D.helps【解析】选C。动词不定式短语to help作目的状语。,金手指驾校 金手指驾驶员考试2016科目一 科目四,Grammar Focus,8.(2011济南中考）The woman loves
12、animals and she tries _ these homeless animals.A.to hurt B.to eatC.to help D.to kill【解析】选C。try to do sth.“努力做某事”。句意：这位女士喜欢动物，她努力地去帮助这些失去家园的动物。故选C。,9.（2011眉山中考）Its a little cold today.Would you mind _ the window?Of course not.A.not opening B.not to openC.dont open D.no opening【解析】选A。Would you mind doing sth.?“你介意做某事吗？”,其否定形式为Would you mind not doing sth.?,10.（2011昆明中考）The reporter didnt go to bed until he finished _ the article.A.writing B.write C.to write D.wrote【解析】选A。finish doing sth.完成某事。故选A。,
