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1、Sharing Unit 4,四会词汇,airmail,fortnight,roof,muddy,textbook,concept,weekly,relevant,remote,weed,rectangle,rectangular,platform,broom,tin,jar,sniff,interpreter,grill,otherwise,privilege,paperwork,arrangement,toast,comb,astronaut,angle,catalogue,donate,voluntary(Volunteer),clinic.purchase,anniversary,se
2、ed,sew,ox,trunk,tractor,Kenya,click,tailor,political,distribute,distribution,security,operate.,认读词汇,Papua New Guinea,bucket,bubble,Pidgin,slope,leftover,evil,vaccination,loan,supplement,Bangladesh,Tanzania,Uganda,Sudan,Malawi,economic,Medecins Sans Frontieres(MSF),词组,hear from,be dying to,come acros
3、s,stick out,dry out,dry up,in need,the other day,adjust to,participate in,sewing machine,trunk library,(A)单词派生 _n.泥;淤 泥;泥浆 _ adj.泥泞的;模糊的;混乱的,muddy,mud,2._ adj.可调的;可调节(整)的 _vi.调整,adjustment,adjust,adjustable,3._ n.参与;参加 _vi.参与;参加 _ n.参加者;参与者,participant,participate,participation,4._ n.口译 _v.口译;解释;说明
4、_ n.口译员(者),interpreter,interpret,interpretation,5._v.安排;整理;排列 _ n.安排;排列,arrangement,arrange,6._ n.捐赠;捐款;捐赠物 _vt.捐赠 _ n.捐赠者,donator,donate,donation,7._ n.志愿者 _ adj.自愿的;志愿的;无偿的 _ adv.自愿地;自动地,voluntarily,volunteer,voluntary,8._ n.分配;分发;分布状态 _vt.分配;分发 _ n.发行人;经销商;分销商,distributor,distribute,distribution,
5、9._vt.保护adj.安全的 _n.安全;保护;保障10._vi.工作;运转vt.操作 _ n.操作;经营,operation,secure,security,operate,1.hear from sb.收到某人的来信或消息=receive a letter/news from sb.收到某人的来信或消息hear of/about sb./sth.听说，得悉,完成下列句子。(2)Ive just _(听说他生病了)(3)Ive never _(听说过她).,heard about his illness,heard of her,2.be dying to do sth.极想做某事be d
6、ying for sth.be thirsty for 极想得到某物,完成下列句子。(1)She _（很想离开）(2)I _(极想出国)(3)She _(极想喝杯水),is dying to leave,am dying to go abroad,is dying for a glass of water,die away 逐渐减弱；逐渐消失die down 逐渐降低；逐渐平息die off 相继死去die out 灭绝；消失die of 死于(饥饿，疾病，情感)die from 死于(饥饿、疾病、情感以外的原因，如意外事故等)die young 早夭,(4)In a severe winte
7、r,wild animals can _（缺乏食物而饿死）.(5)The old lady _(伤心至死)soon after her husbands death.(6)Tigers are _(有绝种的危险),die from lack of food,died of grief,in danger of dying out,3.the other day=a few days ago 不久前的某一天例句I heard from my nephew the other day.前几天我收到了我侄子的信。I bought the computer the other day.这电脑我是几天前
8、买的。,3.relevant(adj.)“有关的，切题的；有实际价值的”relevantly(adv.)反义词：irrelevant be relevant to“与有关”=be connected with=have sth to do with 这种工作与性别无关。This kind of work is not relevant to sex.,完成下列句子。(1)These materials_(与这案件有关).(2)This type of university course _(对解决当今问题已不再有实际价值),are relevant to the case,is no long
9、er relevant to todays problem,4.adjust vi.评定Eg:(1)He adjusted his tie before entering the hall.(2)He adjusted quickly to the heat of India.(3)I quickly adapted myself to the new job.adjust sth(to sth.)调整某物(以适应某物)adjust to sth 适应某事adapt oneself to sth 使自己适应某事物,adjustable,adjustment,adapt/adjust(onese
10、lf)to 的to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似的词组有：,be(get)used to 习惯于 be related to 与相关 lead to 带领,导致,通向 devote oneself to 献身于 contribute to 为作贡献 access to 接近/进入(某地的)方法,注意,look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起 be accustomed to 习惯于 be addicted to 沉溺于 stick to 坚持 belong to 属于 refer to 提到,涉及到,查阅,完成下列句
11、子。(2)He tried to _(调整日常生活表)to leave time for everything.(3)Some animals _(调整自身以适应环境)by instinct(本能地).(4)Astronauts in flight must _（适应失重）.,adjust his daily schedule,adjust themselves to their environment,他设法调整日常时间表,以便能有时间顾及所有的事。,adjust to weightlessness,5.participate vi.参加；参与participate in=take part
12、 in运用：根据汉语意思成英文句子。(1)没有职业选手参加这一比赛。No professionals _.(2)希望全班同学参加这些讨论。Everyone in the class is expected _.,to participate in these discussions,participated in the contest,6.dry out 失去水分；变干dry up(指河流、井等)干涸，枯竭,完成下列句子。(1)_(把湿衣服晒干)in the sun.(2)During the drought，the river _(干涸了),Dry out the wet clothes,
13、dried up,7.otherwise adv.用别的方法；其他方面 conj.否则；不然(or)”理解：指出下列句中的词性和词义。(1)Lets hurry up,otherwise well be late.(2)You obviously think otherwise.Well get there somehow,by boat or otherwise.(3)The rent is high,but otherwise the house is fine.,adv.其他方面,conj.否则,adv.别的办法,Seize the chance,otherwise(or)you wil
14、l regret it.祈使句,and(or,otherwise)+简单句(简单句常用将来时),8.privilege(1)“殊荣”It was a privilege to know you.能认识你真是荣幸之至。privilege(2)“特权”、“权利”have the privilege to do sth=have the right to do sth“有特权(权利)干某事”,enjoy privileges 享受特权 have the privilege of 有 的特权 as a special privilege 作为特权许可 by special privilege 根据特权
15、e.g.the privilege of citizenship/equality 公民权/平等权,9.arrange v.安排，排列，布置，筹备 _n.安排，排列，布置，筹备make arrangements for 为做安排,arrangement,完成下列句子。(1)Ill _(安排)for somebody to make a plan.(2)He _(整理书籍)on the shelves.,make arrangements,arranged the books,10.donate v.捐赠，赠送 _n.捐赠，捐赠品donate sth.to sb.捐赠某物给某人,donation
16、,完成下列句子。(1)Many people _(给灾民捐款)(2)_(所有的捐赠品)will be sent to Africa in two weeks.,donated money to the victims,All the donations,7.donate vt.捐献运用：根据汉语意思成英文句子。(1)她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。She _ her books _ the library.(2)献血是我们的义务。_ is our responsibility.派生：donation n.捐献联想：collect/raise money for为募捐,donated,to,Donat
17、ing blood,11.voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的Charities rely on voluntary donations.慈善事业依靠自愿捐献。She is a voluntary worker at the hospital.她是在这家医院义务服务的。派生：volunteer n.志愿者,11.in need 在困难中；在危急中,in trouble in order in danger in common in public in fact in debt in time in peace in surprise,在困境中 按顺序；整齐 在危险中 共同；共有当
18、众；公开 事实上；实际上 欠债及时安静；和平 吃惊；惊讶,选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)The two have nothing _(相同).(2)A friend _ is a friend indeed.(3)He looked up _(惊奇地).(4)Dont scold your child _.He will feel very upset.(5)The Whites are _ now and so they are eager to earn more than before.,in common,in need,in surprise,in public,in debt,1
19、2.purchase vt.&n.U,C 买,购买(1)They want to purchase a house in the city.(2)Do you wish us to deliver your purchases?需要我们为你送货吗？purchase/buy sth.with sth purchase/buy sth.for sb.【提示】同样表示“买”，但purchase比buy正式。,13.oxen for ploughing 耕牛ox（公牛）的复数形式为oxen，英语中为数不少的名词的复数形式都是不规则的，如：ox-oxen man-men woman-women chil
20、d-children foot-feet goose-geese mouse-mice tooth-teeth basis-bases roof-roofs chief-chiefs,10.click vi&vt.（使）发出咔嗒声 n.咔嗒声运用：根据汉语意思成英文句子。(1)他打响指(使手指发出声音)叫约翰跟上他。He _ for John to follow him.(2)门咔哒一声关上啦。The door closed _,with a click.,clicked his fingers,14.distribute vt.分配；分发；分布搭配：distribute sth.to/amo
21、ng 把某物分/发给理解：指出下列句中distribute的意思。(1)They had distributed the lands among the peasants.(2)The teacher has distributed the text books to his students.(3)This species of butterfly(这种蝴蝶)is widely distributed over our country.,分布,分配,分发,12.operate(vtvi)operation(n)1)vt.“操作(run);经营,管理(manage)”2)vi.“操作,工作(w
22、ork),运转;做手术”operate on sb.“给某人做手术”(1)The machine doesnt operate smoothly.(2)The doctors were operating on the wounded solider.医生正在给那个伤员动手术.(3)The company operates three factories.,基础知识自测,13.wonder 用法归纳 1)wonder wh-词+to do“想(不)知道”2)wonder wh-/if+从句“想(不)知道”I was wondering where to spend the weekend.I
23、wondered if(whether)you are free this afternoon.3)(Its)no wonder+(that)从句 难怪，怪不得，不足为奇(Its)no wonder that he has passed the examination.,wonder at“对 感到惊讶(惊奇)”Everybody wonders at what he has done.1.I wonder _ they call these flowers.A.if B.what C.when D.whether2.I wonder _ you would mind _ me a favor
24、.A.if,to do B.whether,to do C.whether,doing D.when,doing,B,C,一、单词识记 根据提示写出下列英语单词或汉语意思。1._ adj.closely connected with 2._ v.to buy 3._ adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的4._ vi.参与,参加5._ n.two weeks;fourteen days 6._ adj.政治的；政党的7._conj.否则 adv.用别的方法8._ adj.遥远的；偏僻的,relevant,purchase,voluntary,participate,fortnight,politica
25、l,otherwise,remote,9._ adj.泥泞的，泥土般的10._ vt.捐赠11._ vi.工作，运转；vt.操作12.privilege n._13.arrangement n._ 14.catalogue n._15.security n._16.rectangle n._,muddy,donate,operate,特权，特别优待,安排，排列,目录,安全；保护；保障,矩形；长方形,二、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1._接到的来信2._极想；渴望3._不久前的一天4._调整，（使）适合5._干透；完全变干6._干涸7._在困难中，在危急中8._多达；胜任,hear
26、 from,be dying for sth./to do sth.,the other day,adjust to,dry out,dry up,in need,(be)up to,9._偶然遇到；偶然碰到10._参与，参加11.to be honest _12.stick out _13.a newly made platform _14.make a difference _15.on behalf of _,come across,participate in,老实说,伸出，突出,一个新做的平台,起作用,代表,Important Phrases,1.hear from 收到来信,2.b
27、e dying to 渴望;极想,e across(偶然)碰见、发现,4.dry out完全变干;干透;(使)变干,5.dry up 干枯;(供应,思路)枯竭,6.in need 在困难中;在危机中,7.stick out 伸出,8.up to 多达,9.make a difference 有影响;有作用,10.care for 关心;照顾;喜欢;想要,1.As a teacher I often a_ my teaching methods to suit the needs of slower children.2.My mother stood in the _(门口)and watch
28、ed me anxiously.,I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式。,djust,doorway,练习坊,3.It is hoped that education should be _(有关的)to childrens needs.4.The train for Beijing that you are taking will depart from P_4.5.I will go to the store to buy some _(烤架)for the picnic next week.,relevant,latform,grills,6.Some
29、old workers enjoy certain p_,such as company cars and private health care in our company.,rivileges,II.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。,1.自从我表弟出国后,我一直没有收到他的信。(hear from)2.回家的路上我们碰见一位老妇人躺在路上。(come across),I havent heard from my cousin since he went abroad.,On the way home we came across an old woman lying on the
30、road.,3.她的红头发在人群中非常显眼。(stick out)4.离家很久了,这个女孩很想见到自己的妈妈,特别是在她生病的时候。(be dying to),She has red hair that sticks out in a crowd.,Being away from home for a long time,the girl is dying to see her mother especially when shes ill.,5.那个男孩兴奋地向他父母描述他第一天在学校的情况。(picture),The boy pictured his first day at school
31、 to his parents excitedly.,1.Why cant universities provide some relevant courses _ todays problems?2.Dont worry.The paint would have dried _ by this time tomorrow.3.It has not rained for a long time and the river almost dries _.,III.用适当的介词或副词填空。,to,out,up,4.How many of us know how paper is made _ tr
32、ees?5.In the past many fruit-growers have adapted _ changes in the market and seasonal conditions.6.The little boy wont dare do that again,and thats _ sure.,from,to,for,7.Education will make a big difference _ the life of the children in mountainous areas.8.After having a delicious supper,the host l
33、ed us _ a room upstairs.9.All the athletes slept in separate beds,except two,who slept _ the floor.,to,to,on,10.How come so late _ the night you are still working,Tom?11.Feeling tired after the hard work,she fell _ bed and went straight to sleep.12.How often do you hear _ your sister?,in,into,from,1
34、3.My car could not get _ because the street was too narrow.14.The alphabet proved easy to learn and before long they learned to read and write _ their own language.15.She came _ some old photographs in the drawer.,through,in,across,1.We expected to see the famous film star in the flesh at the party.
35、We _ _ _ see the famous film star in the flesh at the party.,IV.每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。,were dying to,2.Months had gone by before I received my friends letter again.Months had passed before I _ _ _ _ again.3.I met my former English teacher by accident in the street this morning.I _ _ my former Engli
36、sh teacher in the street this morning.,heard from my friend,came across,4.We spent many hours decorating our newly-bought house._ _ us many hours _ our newly-bought house.5.It was not until late in the afternoon that we got to the campsite.Not until late in the afternoon did we _ the campsite.,reach
37、,It took,to decorate,1.Thanks for your letter.It was wonderful to hear from you.hear from sb.=receive a letter from sb.收到某人的信 I look forward to hearing from you.注意:hear from 后面只能接表示人的名词或 代词,不可接letter作为它的宾语。hear about 听说的事 Have you heard about the new anticancer drug?hear of 听说 Whos he?Ive never hear
38、d of him.,2.I know youre dying to hear all about my life here.be dying to do/for sth.渴望做某事；迫切想要e.g.(1)She is dying to go abroad.(2)I am dying for a glass of water.“渴望”的类似说法 be thirsty for sth.desire to do sth.have a strong desire for sth.be eager to do/for sth,3.the other day=a few days ago 不久前的某一天例
39、句I heard from my nephew the other day.前几天我收到了我侄子的信。I bought the computer the other day.这电脑我是几天前买的。,He told me that the can was heated to _(2)Water the plant regularly,never letting_.(让土壤干枯),4.dry out(使)变干;干透,(1)他告诉我加热罐子是为了使剩余的食物变干。,dry out the leftover food.,the soil dry out,5.dry up(河流，井等)干枯；弄干、晒干、
40、变干;(供应、思路)枯竭(1)During the drought,many rivers dried up.在干旱时期，许多河流都干涸了。(2)The burning sun had dried up this area.火辣的太阳把那地区都晒干了。,(3)太阳很快就会把马路晒干的。_,The sun will soon dry up the roads.,6.in need 在困难中,在危急中 be in need of sth.需要 have the need for sth.对的需要 according to the need 根据需要谚语：A friend in need is a
41、friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友.(1)我们应该帮助有困难的人.We should help those in need.(2)他现在很需要一大笔钱.He now is in great need of much money.,e across 偶然遇见/发现Eg:(1)I came across an old friend I hadnt seen for years.我碰巧遇见了多年未见的朋友。(2)I came across some interesting books in the room.我在房间里发现了一些有趣的书。,与come相关的短语：come about 发生
42、，产生come from 来自,从来come back回来,折回come along 出现，发生；进步，进展come out 出来,出版come up 走过来,走近come over 过来come to 来到,结果是,Dont forget!,I _some interesting books in the room.A.came about B.came across C.came out D.came off(2)This situation should never have _.A.came over B.came up C.came back D.came about(3)How i
43、s your work_?A.coming along B.coming back C.coming to D.coming up,B,D,A,6.stick out 伸出,突出 stick out for sth.坚持要求某事物 stick to sthdoing sth.坚持;遵守;信守 stick at sth.坚持不懈 stick with sb.继续支持某人 stick up 向上突起,坚起(1)She _(伸出脚)and tripped him over.(2)stick the tongue 伸出舌头(3)当车开动时不要把头伸出车窗外.Dont stick your head o
44、ut of the window while it is running.(4)Once a decision has been made,all of us should _ it.A direct to B stick to C lead to D refer to,stuck out her foot,B,8.up to 1)=as many as/as much as 多达e.g.He can earn up to$50,000 a year.2)一直e.g.She lived at home up to/until she got married.3)胜任e.g.I am not s
45、ure if she is really up to that job.4)由负责 It is up to sb to do sth 由某人负责做某事e.g.(1)Its up to her to decide whether or not to go on the course.(2)-What do you want to do next?We have half an hour until the football game?-_.Whatever you want to do is fine with me.A It just depends B Its up to you C All
46、 right D Glad to hear that,B,9.make a difference 有影响,有作用,有差别 make no/a little/much/some difference 无/有一点/有很大/有一些差别 tell the difference between 说出的差别 be different from 与不同 make a difference between 区分(1)我们应该区分开对错。We should make a difference between right and wrong.(2)对我来说,他去不去都没关系。It makes no differe
47、nce to me whether he goes or not.(3)Does it _ any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00?A tell B be C give D make,D,10.There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.考点 get through意为“通过,穿过”。考例 There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _.(2006全国卷II)A.between B.through C.across D.beyond点拨 get through通过,穿过;get across使被理解。,
