《人教版高一英语必修一unit4earthquake定语从句.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版高一英语必修一unit4earthquake定语从句.ppt（46页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、,句子成分,主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 同位语,I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.,主语,谓语,定语,宾语,同位语,状语,1.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake _shookTangshan.2.The army organized teams to dig out those_.,which was almost as strong as the first one,who were trapped and to bury the dead,Some sente
2、nces with atrributive clause in the text,But the people in the city,_ _ went to sleep as usual that night.,It was heard in Beijing,_,who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.,A huge crack _ _ cut across houses,roads and canals.,The number of people _ _ reached more t
3、han 400,000.,that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide,who were killed or injured,什么是定语从句.修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.什么是先行词.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词.什么是关系词,有哪些关系词,他们有什么作用.关系词:关系代词:关系副词:位置:作用:,处于先行词和定语从句之间,1)连接主句与从句,2)指代先行词,3)在从句中充当成分,which that who whom whose,when where why,注意:定语从句一般紧跟先行词.有时为了平衡句子结构的需要,可能不紧跟先
4、行词,而放在更后面的地方.,引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。,The building which stands by the river is our school.,主句:定语从句:先行词:关系词:关系词指代:关系词在定语从句中的成分,The building is our school.,which stands by the river,building,which,building,主语,关系代词,指人,指物,who whom that whose,thatwhichwhose,(主语、宾语)，(宾语)，(主语、宾语),(定语),(主语、宾语),(主语、宾语)(定语),关系代词的用法
5、,关系代词在从句中可以：,whom,who,which,that,whose,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,He has a friend whose father is a doctor.=the father of whom is a doctorI lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.=the roof of which has fallen in,Those who want to go come here.Is there anyone who wants to go there?,注意:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用
6、who。,1)先行词是anyone,someone,everyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,those,one，ones 时。,2)在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who。,There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many men who are against him.,限制性定语从句只能用that不用which的几种情况,1.当先行词是anything,everything,nothing,something,few,all,none,little,some 等不定代
7、词时，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。,Did you take down everything that Mr.Li said?There seems to be nothing that seems impossible All that can be done has been done.There is little that I can do for you.,2.当先行词被序数词修饰。,The first place that they visited was my home.,3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。,This
8、 is the best film that I have seen.,4.当形容词被the very,the only,the same,the last 修饰时。,This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.The old car is the only thing that he owned.,例:Wang Hua is the only person in our school that/who will attend the meeting.,当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。,例:Who is the man that is st
9、anding there?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?,5.当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。,Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?,6.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。,1.在定语从句中加了多余的宾语或主语。Some of the boys I invited them didnt come.The book that you need it is in the library.This is the man that he wa
10、s caught stealing yesterday.2.把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。Anyone who break the law will be punished.Those who has finished may go home.3.误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.4.在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。I still remember the day when we spent together.,定语从句常见错误归纳 1,breaks,have,th
11、at/which,关系代词限制性定语从句只能用that不用which的几种情况限制性定语从句中只能用who不用that的几种情况.,revision,The boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.,The boy who/that is smiling is Tom.(主语),The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.,The boy who/that sits in front of me is Tom.,The man is Jims father.Everyone likes him.,The man(whom/who/that)e
12、veryone likes is Jims father.(宾语),The silk sells well.The silk is produced in Suzhou.,The silk which/that is produced in Suzhou sells well.(主语),The songs are very popular.The singer sang the songs last night.,The songs(which/that)the singer sang last night are very popular.,1.The teacher lives in th
13、e house.Its front door is red.The teacher lives in the house whose front door is red.2.The boy is studying in Beijing University.His parents died in the Tangshan earthquake.The boy whose parents died in the Tangshan earthquake is studying in Beijing University.,基础练习,1.Is that the house _ you bought
14、last year?A.where B.which2.Is that the picture at _ you are laughing?A.which B.that3.It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read.A.which B.that,B,B,A,4.The street _is to the park is very narrow.A.where B.which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward.A.who B.whom6.This is the room _ we liste
15、ned to the lecture in.A.which B.where,B,A,A,7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to the party.A.whos B.whose8.Tell me the reason _ he explained to you.A.which B.why,B,A,填空：1.Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2.He is a teacher _ I like very much.3.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4.Those
16、_will go to the park stay here.5.That was all the money _I had.,whose,(whom/that),which/that,who,(that),6.Tom is the first boy _left the room.7.Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.8.You can read any book _I have.9.The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.,that,that,(that),whom,Earthquake is
17、 a disaster,翻译1.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。She is a girl who is called Mary.,1.The boys who are playing football are my friends.2.He is the person(whom)you talked about.3.He is the person a
18、bout whom you talked.4.This is a book which is liked by most boys.5.This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.6.Is this the library from which you borrow books?7.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.=the father of whom is a doctor8.I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.=the roof of wh
19、ich has fallen in,that,who,whom,关系代词引导的定语从句,1.who指人，在定语从句中做主语。,例:1)The boys who are playing football are my friends.2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.,关系代词引导的定语从句,2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略 如介词提前则不能省。,例:1)He is the person(whom)you talked about.2)He is the person about whom you talked.,(
20、注意：关系代词whom在口语中常用who代替，可省略。)但在介词后面只能用whom不可用who,例:The man(who/whom)you spoke to is my friend.The man to whom you spoke is my friend.,3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。如介词提前则不能省略。,例:1.This is a book which is liked by most boys.2.This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.3.Is this the library from which
21、 you borrow books?,4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。,例:1.The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.2.Where is the man(that/whom)I saw yesterday?I lost the book(that/which)I bought yesterday.Do you know the name of the book that/whic
22、h is popular with student now.,5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。,例:He has a friend whose father is a doctor.I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.,例:The classroom whose door is broken is there.=The classroom the door of which is broken is there Do you know the boy whose name is Tom?=Do you know
23、 the boy the name of whom is Tom?,(注意：whose指物时，常用the+名词+of whom/which 来代替。),But one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,went to bed as usual that night.It was heard in Beijing,which is one hundred kilometers away.A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters
24、 wide cut across houses,roads and canals.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,This is the man who helped me yester
25、day.This is the man whom I helped yesterday.,The building is our school.The building stands by the river.,The building which/that stands by the river is our school.先行词 关系词 定语从句,定语从句,The woman is my mother.The woman is speaking at the meeting.The woman who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.,The
26、 boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.,The boy is Tom.The boy has a round face.,The boy who/that is smiling is Tom.(主语),The boy who/that has a round face is Tom.,The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.,The boy who/that sits in front of me is Tom.,The man is Jims father.Everyone likes him.,The man(whom/who/t
27、hat)everyone likes is Jims father.(宾语),The woman got the job.We saw her on the street.,The woman(whom/who/that)we saw on the street got the job.,The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher(whom/who/that)we met yesterday will give us a talk.,The silk sells well.The silk
28、is produced in Suzhou.,The silk which/that is produced in Suzhou sells well.(主语),The songs are very popular.The singer sang the songs last night.,The songs(which/that)the singer sang last night are very popular.,Can you find the pen?I wrote with it just now.,Can you find the pen with which I wrote j
29、ust now?,Can you find the pen(which)I wrote with just now?,The room _ Jim lives in looks very nice.The room in _ Jim lives looks very nice.The room _ Jim lives looks very nice.The person _ you just talked to is Mr.Li.The person to _ you just talked is Mr.Li.,(which/that),whom,(who/whom/that),which,w
30、here,The building which/that stands by the river is our school.先行词 关系词 定语从句,2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose；关系副词:where,when,why。,关系词常有3个作用：a.代替先行词。b.引导定语从句 连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）c.在定语从句中担当一个成分。,关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且
31、它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。,which/that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。,The building which/that stands by the river is our school.先行词 关系词 定语从句,The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.(主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)who/that(the woman)spoke at the m
32、eeting yesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间),注意:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。,2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时只能用which，不能用 that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)The man with who/that you talked is my friend.(F)The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable
33、.(T)The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F),有些固定动介短语一般不拆开使用:look for/at/after/for,take care of,.,This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)This is the watch for which I am looking.(F),介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,1.关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导。,The school(that/which)he once studied
34、 in is very famous.=The school in which he once studied is very famous.Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.=Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.Well go to meet the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.=Well go to meet the famous sing
35、er about whom we have often talked.,Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.Is there anyone who wants to go there?,注意:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who。,1)先行词是anyone,someone,everyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,those,one 时。,2)在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who。,There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.,
