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1、Candice Guo,葡萄酒礼仪,人生中第一杯葡萄酒,轻松进入葡萄酒的世界,葡萄酒的起源和酿制 葡萄酒的分类 葡萄的品种 新世界与旧世界 酒标解读 葡萄酒礼仪,没有人知道是谁“发明”了葡萄酒。它可能是一个偶然的发现。在收获后，有些葡萄被留在了容器里经过了冬天，天然的酵母和葡萄中的糖把葡萄汁变成了葡萄酒。Nobody knows who invented wine.Its discovery was probably accidental.After harvesting,some grapes were left in a container over the winter and the
2、natural yeasts and sugars converted the juice into wine.尽管考古学家追溯葡萄酒起源到几千年前，但最早的葡萄酒证据是在大概公元前一万年，在一个伊朗的粘土罐里发现的。Although archaeologists have traced the origins of wine grapes(Vitis vinifera)back tens of thousands of years,the first evidence of wine having actually been made from grapes comes from a cla
3、y pot found in Persia(now Iran)dating from around 10,000 years B.C.,葡萄酒的起源（Origin of wine）,中东里海美索布达米亚,葡萄酒历史,公元5000前,古埃及,公元2500前,古希腊,公元1600年前,古罗马帝国,公元1000年前,法国高卢西班牙德国奥地利,公元400年前至公元100年,公元1400-1600年,南非墨西哥阿根廷,1769,加利福尼亚（美国）,澳大利亚新西兰,1788-1819,葡萄酒的酿制过程（How is the wine made?),葡萄 需要3年才能结果Grapes 3 years to
4、grow采集及运到酿酒厂Harvest and transport to winery挤压/发酵Press/ferment在橡木中成年 Age in oak 在瓶中成年Age in bottle出厂Release,Types of wine 葡萄酒种类,Types of Wine（By wine making process）,Champagne,Cava,Port,Sherry,Red,White,Rose,SPARKLING WINE,STILL WINE,FORTIFIED WINE,Other Sparkling wines,葡萄酒种类（按生产工艺分）,香槟酒,加瓦,钵酒,雪利酒,红葡
5、萄酒,白葡萄酒,玫瑰酒,汽泡酒,普通葡萄酒,加强葡萄酒,其他汽泡酒,Types of Wine（By service sequence during a meal）,Aperitif（Dry sherry，Champagne,Dry white）Table Wine(Red,White,Rose)Dessert Wine(Botrytis,Ice wine,Port，Late Harvest)Digestive(Liquors,Grappa),Sugar,alcohol,low,high,low,high,Beginning of the meal,End of the meal,葡萄酒种类（
6、按用餐时上酒顺序 分）,餐前酒(干雪利酒,香槟酒,干白葡萄酒)餐酒(红,白,玫瑰葡萄酒)甜酒(贵腐酒,冰酒,钵酒,晚丰收葡萄酒)餐后消化酒(利口酒,果渣酒),糖份,酒精,低,高,低,高,用餐开始,用餐结束,Grape Varieties葡萄品种,Summary摘要,8,000 grape varieties known in the world世界上目前已知的葡萄品种有8000种1,000 grape varieties used for wine around the world世界上大约有1000种葡萄被制成葡萄酒200 traditionally used in Italy 意大利大约使
7、用200种葡萄100 traditionally used in France 法国大约使用100种葡萄50 traditionally used in Spain 西班牙大约使用50种葡萄Grape variety,a major factor in the taste of a wine不同的葡萄品种，是影响葡萄酒品尝的主要因素,常见的红葡萄品种Common Red grape varieties,Cabernet Sauvignon 赤霞珠Merlot 梅洛Pinot Noir 黑皮诺Shiraz 切拉子/设拉子,Red Grape Varieties 红葡萄品种,A classic B
8、ordeaux grape 传统波尔多葡萄品种 Full-bodied,tannic 酒体饱满，丹宁较丰富 Very complex,long evolution 口味丰富，陈年长 Blackcurrant,violet 黑加仑，紫罗兰,Cabernet Sauvignon加本力苏维翁,Red Grape Varieties 红葡萄品种,A traditional Bordeaux grape 传统波尔多葡萄品种 Supple and round 口感柔顺，饱满 Black and red cherry 黑色及红色樱桃 Chocolate 巧克力,Merlot梅洛,Red Grapes Var
9、ieties红葡萄品种,King of Burgundy 勃根蒂之王 Cherry,raspberry 樱桃、覆盆子 Spice notes 稍带辛辣 Earthy complexities 泥土气息 A silky texture,little tannins 丝般柔滑，丹宁较淡,Pinot Noir黑皮诺,Red Grapes Varieties红葡萄品种,Mostly grown in Rhne Region,France,Australia 主要种植于法国罗纳谷地区,澳大利亚 Rich black and red berry fruit,plum 丰富的黑色、红色浆果及李子味 Game
10、 and spice complexity 丰富的野味及辛辣味 Rich and full-bodied 口感丰富，酒体饱满,Shiraz 设拉子,葡萄酒的品种（wine varieties）,常见的白葡萄品种 Common White grape varieties,Chardonnay 夏多内/莎当妮Sauvignon Blanc 白苏维翁/长相思Riesling 雷司令/薏丝琳Gewrztraminer 琼瑶浆/格乌香茗纳Pinot Gris 灰皮诺,White Grape Varieties 白葡萄品种,Native to Burgundy 源于法国的勃根第地区 Versatile a
11、nd complex 复杂多变Good ageing potential 很好的储藏潜力White fruits and nutty flavor白色水果及干果味,Chardonnay莎当妮,White Grape Varieties 白葡萄品种,Bordeaux,central Loire 波尔多，卢瓦尔河中部Crisp acidity 易碎，偏酸Dry and aromatic 干性，芬芳Citrus and Grassy 柑桔及青草味,Sauvignon Blanc白苏维翁,White Grape Varieties 白葡萄品种,Grown in Alsace,Germany,South
12、 Australia,Washington State,etc 种植于阿尔萨斯，德国，罗纳谷地区,南澳大利亚,华盛顿Versatile(dry,tart wine to Sweet late-harvest wine)变化多样（可在口感较干到晚收型甜酒间变化）Floral and mineral flavor花香及矿物味Naturally high acidity天然酸度高A tremendous capacity to age可陈年,Riesling 雷司令,Old World旧世界France法国 2*Italy意大利 1*Spain西班牙3*,New World新世界USA美国 4*Au
13、stralia澳大利亚6*Chile智利Argentina 阿根廷5*New Zealand新西兰South Africa南非,*Top six producers in volume产量前六名国家,Main Wine Countries主要葡萄酒产酒国,(Southern hemisphere+USA)南半球美国,(European Countries)欧洲国家,Wine Labels酒标,How to Read Wine Label怎样解读酒标?,Winery 酒庄名Vintage年份Alcohol Level酒精含量Net Volume 净含量(Name of Wine)酒名,New W
14、orld 新世界Grape Variety葡萄品种Old World 旧世界Appellation产地Classification等级,Usual contents of a label 酒标里包含的内容,Sample from the New World来自新世界的样标,S,Sample from the Old World 来自旧世界的样标,What is the grape variety?葡萄品种是什么？,法国葡萄酒10大产区,香槟产区 Champagne阿尔萨斯产区 Alsace卢瓦尔河谷产区 Vallee de la Loire 勃艮第产区 Bourgogne 汝拉和萨瓦产区 Ju
15、ra et Savoir 罗纳河谷产区 Rhone Valley 波尔多产区 Bordeaux 西南产区 Sud-Ouest 朗格多克鲁西雍产区 Languedoc-Roussillon 普罗旺斯科西嘉产区 Provence et Corse,法国葡萄酒10大产区,法国葡萄酒的4大等级,法国法律将法国葡萄酒分为4级1.AOC 法定产区葡萄酒2.VDQS 优良地区餐酒3.Vin de Pays 地区餐酒4.Vin de Table 日常餐酒,趣味提问,白葡萄酒是白葡萄酿的吗?White wine from white grapes?,红葡萄酒是由红/黑色的葡萄连皮和籽一起发酵的。Red wine
16、 is made from red/black grapes fermented with skin and pips白葡萄酒可以由红色或白色的葡萄酿成的，通常不带皮和籽。White wine can be made from both red and white grapes,usually without the skin and pips香槟通常是由两种红葡萄和一种白葡萄酿成的。Champagne is made from 2 red grapes and 1 white grape,Wine Service葡萄酒服务,X Wine Service 葡萄酒服务,Presentation
17、of the wine list 介绍酒单 Take the order without hesitation 确认订单 The client asks for recommendations客户要求推荐 Recommendations offered 建议 The client may doubt reinforce 客户也许置疑加强你的推荐 Presentation of the wine 展示葡萄酒 Open the wine bottle 葡萄酒开瓶 Client tastes the wine 客人品尝葡萄酒 Wine rejections 拒绝葡萄酒 Pouring sequenc
18、e 斟酒顺序 Glass refill and reorder 葡萄酒续杯和加酒,Recommendations 客人要求被推荐葡萄酒,Listen pro-actively and gather information 仔细聆听客人的需要，收集信息Then give him a recommendation according to the dish and his budget.根据他的菜肴和预算，推荐相应的葡萄酒 Pay attention to the circumstances&season 注意环境和季节的变化Offer one or two recommendations,no
19、more.Do not read the wine list！只提供一、两个建议，绝对不要照读酒单Justify your choice briefly with a few words 简短的介绍一下你的推荐,Recommendation tips 推荐小贴示,Traditional drinkers 经常饮用葡萄酒的客人Promote the characteristics of the region 强调葡萄酒的产地,Promote the grape variety 强调葡萄品种的不同,Region and appellation 产地 Vintage 年份,Grape variety
20、 葡萄品种Origin 产地,(European clients 欧洲客人),(Southern hemisphere USA clients 南半球 美国客人),New drinkers 刚开始接触葡萄酒的客人,Presentation of the Wine出示葡萄酒,Show the bottle and label standing on the right hand side of the person who ordered 站在点酒客人的右面，向他展示葡萄酒的瓶身和酒标Never hold the bottle by the neck 绝对不要握酒瓶的瓶颈Do not shake
21、 the bottle.Be gentle.不要摇晃酒瓶，拿放轻柔。Red wine should be served at room temperature 红葡萄酒可以在室温品尝White,rose and sparkling wines should be served chilled and put in an ice bucket between pouring 白葡萄酒、玫瑰葡萄酒、汽泡酒饮用前都必须冷藏，余下的葡萄酒要连瓶放入冰桶保温,Open the Wine Bottle葡萄酒开瓶,Always open in the presence of the guest and ne
22、ver hide the label 当着客人的面开启葡萄酒，不要隐藏葡萄酒标Do not turn your back to your customer 不要背对你的客人Cut the foil below the neck with opener.Do not pierce the cork 用酒刀割开瓶封，不要刺穿软木塞Bend the cork a little bit at the end to avoid making a noise拔出瓶塞底部时稍微弯曲一点，避免弄出噪音Present the cork upon successful removal from the bottl
23、e.Do not leave the Capsule on the table 顺利开启葡萄酒后，不要把铝膜遗留在桌上,Give the Client a Taste of the Wine客人品酒,Ask the guest who made the order to taste the wine 请点酒的那位客人先试酒Pour approximately one soup spoon worth of wine into the glass of the designated guest 倒大约一汤匙的葡萄酒给指定的客人Ensure approval is given before you
24、 go on pouring 点酒客人首肯后才为其他客人们侍酒,Wine Pouring Sequence侍酒顺序,From the right hand side,pour the wine for ladies first,clockwise from the host,then for gentlemen in the same clockwise manner站在客人右边，女士优先，由主人开始顺时针方向，接下来再是男士，同样顺时针方向The person who tastes the wine should be the last person to be poured a glass
25、最后才将主人的酒杯加满Twist the neck a little bit at the end of the pour侍酒完毕后稍微扭转一下酒瓶,Glass Refill and Reorder续杯和加酒,Glass refill 续杯 Make sure you refill the glass as often as possible and respond to any request to stop the refill你必须每次都尽可能的为客人续杯，除非得到停止续杯的指令Recommend 2nd bottle or a new wine 加点第二瓶酒或再订其他新酒 Always ask the host whether a 2nd bottle of the same wine is required or different type of wine is preferred when there is less than 1/4 bottle of wine left当少于1/4瓶酒时，应该询问主人是否还需要第二瓶或其他不同款的新酒,THANK YOU,
