《具体译法和抽象译法.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《具体译法和抽象译法.ppt（25页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、具体译法,定义：所谓具体译法，就是在翻译过程中把原文中抽象或者是比较抽象的单词，词组，成语或者句子用具体或者比较具体的单词，词组，成语或者句子来进行翻译，从而消除或降低语言差别给翻译带来的损失，使译文产生与原文同样的效果。（展开）,transportation交通交通工具translation翻译翻译作品family家庭家庭成员class班级全班学生very timid非常胆小胆小如鼠do evil things openly毫不隐蔽的干坏事明火执仗be full of anxiety and worry十分挂念牵肠挂肚,a great and thorough-going change翻天覆
2、地的变化very anxious to return home归心似箭have not cut off relationship completely藕断丝连great in momentum and irresistible 排山倒海之势accelerate the speed；speed up快马加鞭,大吵大闹raise the roof 公开认错stand in a white sheet有花不完的钱have enough money to burn话中有话with the tongue in the cheek获得全胜sweep the board机敏keep ones eyes on
3、 the ball坚决反对set ones face against简言之in a nutshell,截然不同oil and vinegar家丑a skeleton in the cupboard鲁莽的人a bull in a china shop捏造pull something out of ones hat非常罕见once in a blue moon,干苦差事hold（carry）the baby反应快think on ones feetquick on the trigger保密keep something under ones hat,We should by no means ne
4、glect the evaporation of water.我们绝不能忽视水的蒸发作用。All the people were exasperated by his fault-finding.大家都被他这种吹毛求疵的做法激怒了。His arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。,Many changes take place during the transformation.在转化过程中出现了许多变化。The black people were fighting against the segregat
5、ion of the government.黑人正在同政府的隔离政策作斗争。The crime sent him into notoriety.这一罪行使他陷入声名狼藉的境地。,Johns lightheartedness,however,did not last long.然而，约翰的这种轻松愉快的心境没有持续多久。Your frustration will do no good to your health.你的沮丧情绪于你的身体不利。The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.政府正在竭尽全力来缓和那
6、个地区的紧张局势。,他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。He has many hot potatoes to handle everyday.我不敢肯定我能赢得这个荣誉，这还是未到手的东西。I am not sure whether I can win the honor;Its a bird in the bush.你不要过早乐观，真正的困难还在后头呢。Dont count your chickens before they are hatched.The real difficulties still lay ahead.,我们决不能姑息坏人。We should never warm snake
7、s in our bosoms.我不想依靠父母过日子。I dont want to hang on my parents sleeves.你应该把好坏分清楚。You should separate the sheep from the goats.,同反复无常的人没法相处。Its hard to get along with a man blowing hot and cold.他这个人只管自己的事。He is a man who hoes his own potatoes.你真是说话不看对象。You are really casting pearls before swine.这个男孩真粗心
8、，他的书都已经折角了。This boy is too careless;all his books are dog-eared.,具体翻译主要包括三种类型：1，语义上具体化。eg：运输运输工具。班级全班学生2.抽象名词在语言形式上的具体化手法，主要是在抽象名词后面加上范畴词。eg：蒸发作用，傲慢态度，转换过程3.抽象名词在比喻形象上的具体化手法。eg：非常胆小胆小如鼠 姑息坏人warm snakes in our bosoms 分清好坏separate sheep from goats,抽象译法,为了译文的忠实与通顺，我们往往有必要把原文中带有具体意义或具体形象的单词、词组、成语或句子进行抽象
9、化处理。这种翻译方法称为抽象译法。（概括）,make fish of one and flesh of another 厚此薄彼lick sbs boots 巴结eat ones heart out极度悲痛be in sbs pocket被某人操纵,wear ones heart on ones sleeve表露感情put ones cards on the table表明观点break the ice打破僵局jump out of ones skin大吃一惊walk on air得意洋洋,谦虚态度modesty发展过程development无知的表现innocence同情心理sympathy
10、开门见山come straight to the point狗急跳墙do something desperate顺手牵羊walk off with something唇枪舌剑engage in a battle of argument黔驴技穷at ones wits end,I was practically on my knees but he still refused.我几乎是苦苦哀求，但他依然拒绝。He is a rolling stone I dont think he can go far.他是个见异思迁的人，我想他不会有多大出息。Ill break my neck to get
11、this done by Friday,but I cant promise for sure.我一定会尽最大努力在星期五以前完成此事，但是我不能打包票。,By this means she cast in a bone between this two friends.她用这种方法来离间这两个朋友。The matter was finally settled under the table.事情终于私下解决了。He earns hardly enough to keep body and soul together.他挣得钱几乎难以维持生活。,I have no head for music
12、.我没有音乐方面的天赋。Please dont wake a sleeping dog.请不要惹是生非。You can always fall back upon him when you are in difficulties.遇到困难时，你总可以像他求助。,这是他们自己的事情，你去插一脚干嘛？Thats a business of their own,why would you get involved in?别人家里鸡毛蒜皮的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families.Y
13、ou are really well informed.这消息让我出了一身冷汗。was extremely terrified by that news.,他万万没想到在他前进的道路上竟会出现这么多拦路虎。He had never expected so many obstacles would stand in his way.她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school.我不敢班门弄斧，诚望您发表高见。I dare not show off in the presence of an e
14、xpert.I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten us on this matter.,这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.今天下午的球赛棋逢对手，一定很精彩。This afternoons ball game is sure to be an exciting one,for the two sides are well-matched.他们为敌人效尽犬马之劳。They worked faith
15、fully in the service of the enemies.,我们一直往前走吧！不要三心二意。Lets go straight ahead.Dont be wavering.真正的好朋友应该是雪中送炭。A real good friend should be one offering timely help.他这几天心里七上八下，老是安静不下来。His mind was in a turmoil these days and he was quite unable to think straight.,同具体译法相反，抽象译法一方面把比喻形象上较为具体的单词词组或成语进行抽象概括，如：开门见山come straight to the point狗急跳墙do something desperate另一方面，抽象译法也包括带有范畴词的具体化名词在语言形式上的抽象化译法，主要是在翻译过程中去掉后面的范畴词，如：谦虚态度modesty发展过程development无知的表现innocence,
