现在时态基本形式.ppt
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1、Unit one Grammar and usage,Who is he?,He is Zhao Benshan.,What does he do?,He is a comedian.,What is he doing?,He is performing.,Whats this?,Its the Great Wall in Beijing.,Have you ever visited it?,Yes,I have.I have visited it twice.,Have you ever stood on this stage?,No,I havent,but I have been loo
2、king forward to that day.,Do you want to study in this university?,Yes,we have been expecting to study there for ages.,Tenses related to present,1.The simple present tense2.The present continuous tense3.The present perfect tense4.The present perfect continuous tense,am/is/are;do/does,be(am/is/are)do
3、ing,have/has done,have/has been doing,am/is/are done,am/is/are being done,have/has been done,X,I.the present tense 1 表示客观事实或普通真理.(不受时间限制)1)The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。2)Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东方。3)The sun rises in the east and sets in
4、the west.太阳东升西落。4)A couple of days ago,I learnt from my teacher that the earth _(be)a planet around the sun.,is,2 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,once a week 等表示频率的时间状语连用.He takes a walk after supper every day.他每天晚饭后散步。My mother _(work)at the same company as my father.
5、我母亲和父亲在同一家公司工作。We always _ for each other and _ each other.我们总是相互关心相互帮助。,works,care,help,3 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。1)Mr.Smith hates fish and never eats any.斯密斯先生讨厌鱼而且从来不吃。2)Mary _ both English and French very well.玛丽英语和法语都说的很好。3)I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.(NMET
6、2001)A.will play B.have played C.played D.play,speaks,4 表示安排或计划好的肯定会出现或按时间表、议事日程将要发生的动作或状态。1)The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。2)Tomorrow is Wednesday.明天是星期三。3)-Can you tell me when the train _ for Shanghai,sir?-Of course,I can.It _ half an hour ago.A.leaves;left B.will leave;leaves C.will
7、leave;left D.leaves;has left 4)The film _ quite early.So we _ to the bookstore after that.(2005重庆,28)A.finished;are going B.finished;go C.finishes;are going D.finishes;to,5.在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。We will have to put off the sports meeting providing it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨我们将不得不推迟会议。I cant leave u
8、nless my boss agrees.除非老板同意,否则我不能走。Notes:if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall 或will 表示意愿,但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party,my family will be pleased.,你知道条件状语从句常用些什么引导词吗?!,常用的引导条件状语从句的连词有:unless(除非),in case(万一),as/so long as/while(只要),on condition that(以为条件,只要),if,provided/providing that
9、,supposing/suppose that,assuring that,granted/granting that,on the understanding that,in the event that(如果、假设),You can go out to play as long as you _(stay)in the back yard.He can use the bicycle on condition that he _(return)it tomorrow.Supposing/Suppose he _(be)absent,what shall we do?In the event
10、(that)she_,(inform)I will tell her.,例句,stay,returns,is,has not been informed,你知道引导时间状语从句的是哪些连词吗?!1.表示“当时候,在时,”的有:when,whenever,each time,every time,next time,the first time,any time,the morning,the afternoon,the evening,the night,the day,the week,the month,the year,the spring,the summer,the autumn,t
11、he winter例如:1.Id like to see you whenever it is convenient.2.Each time I meet him,he will give me some advice.3.-Can I join your club,Dad?-You can when you _ a bit older.(NMET 1994)A.get B.will C.are getting D.will have got,A,2.表示“一就”的连词有:as soon as,the moment,the minute,the second,the instant,direc
12、tly,immediately,instantly,例句:1)Ill return the book to him the moment I see him next week.2)Hell e-mail you immediately he gets to New York.3)Zhou Lan is sure to help you the moment _ his work.A.he will finish B.he finishes C.he finished D.he has finished,3.Before 在之前,after在之后,until直到,once一旦1)It will
13、 be a long time _ Frank _ back from abroad.A.before;comes B.since;has come C.when;will come D.after;will 2)-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes.He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.(03春招)A.after B.unless C.until D.when 3)Scientists say
14、it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.(04福建)A.since B.after C.before D.when,6.用一般现在时表将来的特别句型和短语1)句型see to it that,make sure that和hope等从句中的动词都常用现在时表将来 Ill see to it that I _ the reference book on time.A.return B.could return C.have returned D.will return
15、 Please make sure the windows _ closed.A.is B.are C.will be D.be,2)一些介词短语的现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如:be at hand,be well on the way,in store etc.(1)The Spring Festival is at hand.=The Spring Festival is coming.=The Spring Festival is on the way.(2)The building is well on the way to being completed.,A,B,一般现在时的
16、基本用法你记住了吗?!1 表示客观事实或普通真理.(不受时间限制)2 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,once a week 等表示频率的时间状语连用.3 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。4 表示安排或计划好的肯定会出现或按时间表、议事日程将要发生的动作或状态。5.一些介词短语的现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如:be at hand,be well on the way,in store etc.;特别句型see to it that用现在时表将来.6.在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作
17、。,The sun _.The man _.,is rising,is walking,II.Present continuous tense 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作(时间点动作),表明动作未完成。延续性动词有暂时性含义。-what are you doing?-I am writing a letter.It s raining heavily now,so we must stay inside.,The water _.,is boiling,2.表示现阶段一直在进行的(时间段)动作。Jane is studying law while her sister is doing ph
18、ysics.简在学习法律而她的姐姐在学习物理。He is teaching English and learning Chinese.他正在一边教英语一边学中文。-Is this raincoat yours?-No,mine _ there behind the door.(NMET 1997)A.hangs B.has hung C.is hanging D.hung,3.表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词,如come,go,leave,move,die,start,stop,arrive等,及少数延续性动词,如spend,stay等。,(1)S
19、he is leaving for Guangzhou next week(2)We are spending the whole summer holiday in Beijing soon(3)I _ Mr.Wang tonight.我今晚要去见王先生。(4)I _ to Qingdao for the summer holiday this year.我计划今年去青岛过暑假。,am meeting,am going,4.与always often forever often等频度副词连用表示经常反复的行为或赞扬、厌烦、生气等情绪。The girl is always talking lo
20、ud in public.那个女孩总爱当众大声喧哗。She is often borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back.她经常借钱却忘记还。She is constantly complaining about her fate.她不停地抱怨自己的命运不好。You _ things about.Look,what a mess in your big study!A.always throw B.have always thrown C.have always been throwing D.are always throwing,Notes:
21、以下四类动词不宜用现在进行时。A 表示心理状态、情感的动词 Like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,needB 表示存在状态的动词 be,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belong to,depend onC 表示瞬间动作的动词 allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,completeD 表示感官的动词 see,hear,notice,smell,sound,taste,look(但是feel,see(接见),hear(听)可用进行时)1.He _ no
22、t deaf,instead,he _ very well.2.-Youre drinking too much.-Only at home.No one _ me but you.A.is seeing B.had seen C.sees D.saw,is,hears,C,(2)The writer _(write)a novel these days(3)Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while they _(drive)has increased greatly.,现在进行时
23、的一些特殊含义1)表示目前反复发生的动作或者表示“在做某事的过程中”,然而此时动作不一定正在进行之中,(1)But scientists are working hard to turn them into realities,is writing,are driving,How are you feeling today?=How do you feel today?,3)表达婉转语气,I am hoping to hear from you soon,2)有些表示身体感觉的动词,如hurt,ache,feel等使用现在进行时和一般现在时区别不大。,你能说出现在进行时的基本用法了吗?!1.表
24、示说话时正在进行的动作(时间点动作),表明动作未完成。延续性动词的进行式反而是暂时性短暂性含义。2.表示现阶段一直在进行的(时间段)动作。3.表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词,如come,go,leave,move,die,start,stop,arrive等,及少数延续性动词,如spend,stay等。4.与always often forever often等频度副词连用表示经常反复的行为或赞扬、厌烦、生气等情绪。,III.The present perfect tense1 表示反复发生的经历 He has hosted the show e
25、ight times.他已经连续八次主持表演。Billy Crystal has been in many films and television shows.贝利克克里斯托已经出演过多部电影和电视剧。We _ to the Great Wall many times.我们已去过长城多次。,have been,2 表示动作发生在过去,但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响。He has paid his income tax.他已经交了个人所得税。Doctors _ that people who laugh a lot live longer!医生们已经发现经常大笑的人长寿。3 与持续时间连用表示动
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