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1、名词（Nouns),分类和数,一、名词的分类,1 按意义分,普通名词,专有名词,个体名词,集体名词,物质名词,抽象名词,tree,city,teacher,man,holiday,police,people,clothes,family,paper,bread,light,air,gas,truth,honesty,friendship,money,Mary,China,London,The Great Wall,the Young Pioneer,2.按可数性分,c.n.,u.n.,个体名词,集体名词,可数,只用复数(pl.),物质名词,抽象名词,不可数,二、名词的数,1规则的：（1）-s(
2、2)es:以x,s,sh,ch 结尾,例外：stomach-stomachs,注意：mouth-physics/maths-+单谓,(3)辅音字母+y结尾，去y变-ies:story-stories body-bodies,(4)元音字母y 结尾，直接+s:toy-toys,boy-boys,holiday-holidays,(5)以-f,-fe 结尾，去-f,-fe变-ves:life-lives,wife-wives,knife-knives,thief-thieves,shelf-shelves,wolf-wolves,half-halves,例外：roof-roofs,proof pr
3、oofs,safes,(6)以-o结尾，+s/es:potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes photo-photos,radio-radios,piano-pianos,zoo-zoos,But:Mary-Marys,Henry Henrys,Harry-Harrys,2.不规则的：,(1)foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,(2)man-men,woman-women,例外：human-humans,German-Germans,Roman-Romans,Walkman-Walkmans,Discman-Disc
4、mans,(3)child-children,ox-oxen,(4)mouse-mice,3.单复同形,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,sheep,deer,注意：fish,u.n.,c.n.,鱼肉,fish 鱼（条数）,fishes 鱼（种类,4.复合名词的复数（1）woman doctor-women doctors girl/boy student-girlgirl/boy students(2)father-in-law-fathers-in-law(岳父)5.其他The WangsThe Wright Brothers6.惯用单数和复数的词组catch ones eye
5、 with ones own eyesMake friends with shake hands with sb.The sports meeting the Olympic Games=the OlympicsDo(morning/eye)exercisesTake notes cut/break into pieces,+复谓,复谓,单谓,三、名词种类的转化Paper u.n.纸 papers c.n 卷子，报纸Tea/coffee u.n.茶，咖啡（物质）teas/coffees c.n.(量）Glass u.n.玻璃 glasses c.n.眼镜Cloth u.n.布 clothes
6、c.n.衣服总称A chicken c.n.小鸡 chicken u.n.鸡肉Light u.n.光 lights c.n.灯A room c.n.房间 room u.n.空间注意：有些抽象名词和物质名词+adj.,可具体化Have a good timeHave dinner,Have a big dinner,A big help have a long talk,说出下列名词的复数,DictionaryFamilyFootChildFridgeHolidayMonthJapaneseKnifeKeyMatchMouthMovieOrangesheep,PotatoTomatoRadioP
7、layRailwayThiefWaitressVictoryWomanDashZoo,HobbyUFOLifeToothMouseVideoPolicemanWifeGlassHumanRoman,s s ies s es es s ies es ies ies es es ies es,PhotoAirportArmyGermanBoxBrushCameraCityClassCopyCountryDishDressEnemyfish,ies ies-ee-ren s s s-ves s es s s s-,es es s s s ves es ies-men es s,ies s ves-e
8、e-mice s men ves es s s,在下列词中的可数名词前加a(n),不可数名词前加/,AnswerAmerican SmileNewsAdviceIceChineseGrassMilkIdeaKilogramLawLunchmeal,MeatMusicMedicinePicnicProgrammeShoeSeasonTaxiTravelTripBiscuitEventeyesight,HouseworkJobPostageRecordSauceShampooSteamWhaleturkeyVapourliquid,AirLoafKindnessGeographyHonestyFr
9、iendshipBookUniversityUmbrella,an an a/a/an aa/a,/a a a a a a a a an/,/a/a/a a/,/a/a a an,完成下列句子,In the restaurant we learned how to serve _(顾客)There are many _(女医生)in the childrens hospitalLiquids can be turned into _(气体).We often go to Shanghai Library _(星期日下午)Our school has _(八十年的历史)-Excuse me,wh
10、eres _(教师办公室)?Oh,so many _(巧克力)in the box!Mike,you are playing _(电子游戏)again.Mother got _(东西)ready for the next days picnic.-_(祝你玩得愉快)-The same to you.At _(周末)we often go swimming.Billy,take off your _(眼镜).Lets have _(检查)on _(视力).The old man was happy to see many highrises _.(亲眼)I wonder how many _(女
11、服务员)watched the first performance of the singing group.,customers,women doctors,gases,on Sunday afternoons,a history of 80 years,the teachers office,chocolates,video games,things,Have a good time,weekends,glasses,a checkup,eyesight,with his own eyes,waitresses,15.Im sure that _(奥林匹克运动会)will be held
12、in our country one day.16.The store sells _(运动鞋)for middle school students.17.They _(握手)warmly when they were introduced to each other.18.“_(两杯咖啡),please.”Mr.Smith said to the waiter as he sat down.19.A shining coin on the ground _(引起我注意)20.The children answer _(异口同声)21.The weather station said that
13、 there would be _(一场大雨)after midnight.22.-Would you have a little more _(鱼)?-No,thanks.23.Is there _(足够的地方)in the corner of another chair?24.Dont _(吵闹)when you go up and down the stairs.25.He went to the sore to buy some _(鸡蛋),the Olympic Games,sports shoes,shook hands with each other,Two coffees,caught my eye,with one voice,a heavy rain,fish,enough room,make a noise,eggs,
