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1、Unit4 Earthquakes,earthquake n.地震Eg:It is reported that an earthquake broke out last night in Southeast Asia.right away 立刻；马上同义词：right now=straight away=at once=in no time=immediately注意：right now除表示“立刻，马上”之外，还表示“现在，此刻”，比now的语气强，相当于at this moment,at present，用于进行时。,well n.井Eg:A book is a well of knowl
2、edge.adj.健康的Eg:I hope you will get well soon.adv.熟练地，有效地Eg:He plays the piano very well for his age.,smelly adj.有臭味的，发臭的Eg:His socks are smelly.拓展：blood bloody cloud cloudyrain rainy greed greedy词根：smell 可用作系动词或实义动词，用作系动词时，意为“闻起来”；用作实义动词时意为“闻”Eg:You may smell the mixture and it smells terrible.,bloo
3、d+-y=bloody rain+-y=rainy cloud+-y=cloudy wind+-y=windy snow+-y=snowy greed+-y=greedy dream+-y=dreamy taste+-y=tasty ice+-y=icy fat+-y=fatty mud+-y=muddy fog+-y=foggy sun+-y=sunny,流血的,多云的,下雪的,幻想的,冷漠的，冰的,泥泞的,肥胖的,下雨的,多风的,贪婪的,美味的,阳光灿烂的,有雾的,burstv.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸Eg:You are going to burst the balloon i
4、f you are not careful.The balloon suddenly burst.v.猛冲；突然出现Eg:He burst into the room without knocking.burst into+n.=burst out doing sth.突然起来 eg:burst into laughter=burst out laughing,eg:她突然笑起来。She burst out laughing.She burst into.他突然大哭起来。He burst out crying.He burst into.n.突然爆裂，爆发短语：a burst of 一阵eg:
5、一阵笑声,laughter,tears,a burst of laughter,勃然大怒,a burst of anger,burst into,burst with,闯入,充满,event n.（1）C（尤指涉及几个人的）事件，大事Eg:That was an important historical event.（2）C（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事Eg:The Olympic Games are important events in the sports world.,4.at an end 结束，终结eg:炎热的天气终于结束了。The hot days are at last at an
6、 end.The hot days come to an end at last.be at an end=come to an end 结束短语：put an end to=bringto an end 使结束eg:他们应该结束战争。They should put an end to the war.They should bring the war to an end.辨析：at an end,in the end,at the end of,by the end of,1).at an end:表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连用。eg:战争结束了。The war was at an en
7、d.=The war came to an end.2).in the end:表示“最终，终于”，单独使用作状语。eg:最终他们放弃了那项计划。They gave up the plan in the end.(at last)3).at the end of:表示“在的尽头/末尾”eg:今年年底，我父亲要回家。My father will come home at the end of this year.He is at the end of his patience.他已经忍耐到极限了。,4).by the end of:到末为止，常与完成时态连用。by the end of last
8、用于过去完成时 by the end of next用于将来完成时eg:到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。By the end of last month,he had been on that ship for two years.到下学期末为止，我将学会3000多个英语单词。I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of next term.,5.nation n.民族，国家，国民单词积累：national adj.国家的，民族的，国营的 nationality n.国籍辨析：nation,country
9、,state,侧重指“人民”，即“国民”,The whole nation was in deep sorrow.举国悲痛。,侧重指“疆土”，即“国土”。,He has been to many African countries.他去过许多非洲国家。,侧重指“政权”“政体”，即“国权”,Hes a head of state.他是一位国家元首。,ruin（1）n.U 毁坏；毁灭；灭亡Eg:The war brought ruin to the country.（2）n.倒塌的建筑物，废墟Eg:The castle now lies in ruins.注意：ruin表示“废墟，遗迹”，常用复数
10、，常构成in ruins，意为“严重受损，破败不堪”，强调状态，常用作表语或状语。（3）v.（完全地）毁坏，毁掉；使破产Eg:I was ruined by that law case.,拓展：be in ruins 呈一片废墟 bring sth to ruin 使某物毁灭 bring sb to ruin 使某人破产 suffering n.U 疼痛，痛苦，折磨，苦难 eg:Death finally brought an end to her suffering.注意：sufferings 表示“痛苦，苦恼”eg:The hospital aims to ease the sufferi
11、ngs of the dying.,extreme（1）adj.极度（大）的；严重的；极端的；过分的Eg：extreme weather conditions 极端恶劣的天气情况 extreme sports 极限运动（2）n.C 完全相反的事物；极端，极度，极限Eg:extremes of cold,wind or rain 严寒，狂风，骤雨拓展：go to extremes 走极端,指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的丧失，常指事故中的伤害,普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上，感情上的伤害,指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上所受的伤,一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康，
12、权利，事业等,A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。,I dont want to hurt you.我不想伤害你。,The soldier was wounded badly.这位士兵严重受伤。,Smoking seriously harmed his health.吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。,track（1）n.C 足迹，踪迹；轨道，跑道Eg:We followed the bears tracks in the snow.（2）vt.跟踪，追踪Eg:We continued tracking the plane on our radar.拓展：
13、keep track of 记录；掌握的线索useless adj.无用的，无效的，无价值的Eg:He knew it was useless to protest.固定句式：It is useless(no use)doing sth 做某事是无用的,shock（1）v.使震惊；使惊愕；使难以置信搭配：be shocked at 对感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 惧怕做某事 eg:The murder of such a young child deeply shocked the whole community.（2）v.（使）愤慨，（使）生气 eg:Just igno
14、re all their bad language they only do it to shock.（3）n.令人震惊的（情况，消息）搭配：be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个打击 eg:It was a real shock to hear that the factory would have to close.,shocked adj.惊愕的，感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的 rescue（1）n.C,U 救援，营救；救援行动 eg:The rescue team made ten rescues in a week.（2）vt.救援，拯救，解救 搭配：r
15、escue sb/sth from 把从（地方）解救出来 eg:They rescued the boy from the burning house.,a rescue team 救援队 rescue worker 救援人员 trap（1）vt.（trapped）困住，关住，使陷入危险中 搭配：be trapped in 困在中 eg:The car was trapped in the deep snow.（2）n.C陷阱；困境；圈套，诡计 eg:She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.,electrici
16、ty n.U 电，电力Eg:This machine is run/driven by electricity.拓展：turn on/off electricity 接通/切断电源 electric adj.用电的，电动的 electrical adj.电的，与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的,disaster n.灾难，灾祸Eg:The fire was a great disaster.拓展：a traffic disaster 一起交通事故 natural disaster 自然灾害 a disaster area 灾区dig out(dug)挖出，翻找出Eg:Why di
17、d you dig out those old magazines?,9.bury vt.埋葬，掩埋，隐藏eg:她被安葬在她丈夫的坟边。She was buried beside her husbands grave.她双手捂着脸哭了起来。She buried her face in her hands and cried.短语：bury oneself in=be buried in.专心于，埋首于 bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to devote oneself to=be devoted to 专心于，献身于 be lost in 陷入中,10.shel
18、ter n.掩蔽，躲避处，避难，保护短语：take shelter from 躲避 vt.&vi.庇护，掩护(常与from搭配使用)意为“保护不受的伤害/侵害”eg:人们在百货商场躲避阵雨。People took shelter from the shower in the department store.那些树木庇护田地不受冷风侵袭。The trees shelter the field from the cold wind.,title（1）n.C 标题，题目Eg:His novel was published under the title of Love and Reason.（2）
19、n.C 职位名称；职称Eg:The official title of the job is“Administrative Assistant”.（3）vt.（给书籍，乐曲等）加标题Eg:Their first album was titled“Ocean Drive”.,11.damage n.&vt.损失，损害eg:Smoking can damage your health.抽烟会损害你的健康。短语：do damage to 对造成损害12.frighten vt.使惊吓，吓唬 frightened adj.受惊的，受恐吓的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的短语：be frig
20、htened at 受惊吓，见大吃一惊 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物同义词：shock 近义词：surprise,congratulation n.祝贺；恭贺；贺词搭配：offer/send ones congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人表示祝贺Eg:We offered our congratulations to him on his success.congratulate vt.祝贺搭配：congratulate sb on sth 因某事祝贺某人 congratulate oneself on sth/doing s
21、th/that 暗自庆幸Eg:I heartily congratulate myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.,judge（1）n.裁判员，评判员；法官；审判员Eg:The judges decision is final.（2）vt.判断；断定；认为Eg:Judging by her letter,they are having a wonderful time.（3）vt.裁判；评判；担任裁判Eg:She was asked to judge the essay competition.judge 是一个重要的动词，尤其要注意它所构成的分词悬垂结构judging from/by,它在句中做独立成分，不受句子主语的影响和限制，表达的意义是说话者的看法或判断。,express vt.表示，表达，表露搭配：express sth 表达/表露 express oneself 表达自己的思想感情 express itself 显而易见，不言自明Eg:Perhaps I have not expressed myself very well.Their pleasure expressed itself in a burst of applause.,
