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1、,2014中考 现在完成时,.现在完成时态的构成:,have/has+过去分词!,规则动词,(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited(2)以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped,写出下列动词
2、的过去式和过去分词,ConnectCongratulateDefeatHopHugPlodPrayFryCopyObeydestroy,Connected-connectedCongratulated-congratulatedDefeated-defeatedHopped-hoppedHugged-huggedPlodded-ploddedPrayed-prayedFried-friedCopied-copiedObeyed-obeyedDestroyed-destroyed,不规则动词,WriteShutCutHearGoLearnMakePaySellspeak,Wrote-writte
3、nShut-shutCut-cutHeard-heardWent-goneLearnt-learntMade-madePaidpaidsold-soldSpoke-spoken,现在完成时的基本用法(一)现在完成时表示过去某时发生的动作到说话时已经完成,对现在产生的影响或结果。,She has had lunch.She is full now.(现在的情况)She had it an hour ago.（过去的动作）（现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在）,eg:,这种用法一般不带明显的时间状语,但可以already,yet,just,once,twice等副词用,现在完成时有哪
4、些关键词？,现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语，如：never,ever,already,yet,just,in recent years,before,recently,lately等连用。现在完成时还常与包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now,up to now,/in the past/last few days/weeks/months/years,today,so far,up till now.all ones life等,现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如 ever,never,twice,once,three times,on several occasions
5、等,Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put,使用现在完成时表示过去发生的“放”的动作对现在的影响，究竟金戒指现在“在哪里”。,Already 与yet的区别Nothing has been done _We have _made enough preparationThe heroin hasnt shown up _Steve has _won three times,Before 与 ago的区
6、别,The Smiths have visited Europe _The Smiths visited Europe a month_,Have been to have gone to have been in的区别,Teacher Li Japan，he_ Japan for two years A has been to，has been to B has gone to，has been inC has gone to，has been to,B,-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh,not at all.I _ here for only a few
7、minutes.A.have been B.had beenC.have gone D.will be,-Where is Han Mei now?She _ to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.A has gone B has been C goes D had gone2.Ive never _ to the United Stated,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A go B gone C got D been3.How long have you _ the football team of t
8、he school?A been on B been at C joined D played4.-Where have you _ these days?-I have _ to Dalian with my friends.A been,gone B been,been C gone,been D gone,gone,注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term,yesterday,the time I got there，Tuesday,October或一个从句，用一般过去时。“自从”for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years,a
9、 while,two days等。-“长达”对For/since提问时用how long,1._have the players skated?For three hours.2._has it rained?Since this early morning.3.How long have you _the car?(buy),since和for的区别,1.Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2.Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3.His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4.Ma
10、ry is in her office.She has been there _ 7 oclock.5.India has been an independent country _1974.6.The bus is late.Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty _ many years.8.Mike has been ill _a long time.He has been in hospital _ October.,since,since,since,si
11、nce,for,for,for,for,for,瞬间动词和延续性动词 若现在完成时与for/since/how long连用时，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系：,短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换,.be 型,1.go there,be there,e here,be here,e back,be back,4.die,be dead,5.leave,be away(from),6.open,be open,7.close,be closed,8.go/get out,be out,.be 型,9.finish/end,be over,10.become,be,11.get up
12、,be up,12.begin/start(上演),be on,13.fall asleep,be asleep,14.fall ill,be ill,15.move here/there,be here/there,16.get to,be at/in,.be 型,17.arrive at/in,be at/in,18.reach,be at/in,19.get married,be married,20.join the Party,be in the Party,be a Party member,be a member of the Party,.实义动词 型,1.borrow,kee
13、p,2.buy,have,3.begin to teach,teach,4.get to know,know,5.put on,wear,6.receive,have,7.catch a cold,have a cold,8.hear from,have a letter from,.be 型,21.join the League,be in the League,be a League member,be a member of the League,22.join the army,be in the army,be a soldier,.be 型,17.arrive at/in,be a
14、t/in,18.reach,be at/in,19.get married,be married,20.join the Party,be in the Party,be a Party member,be a member of the Party,1.The film began 5 minutes ago.The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.2.They left an hour ago.They_ _ _for an hour.3.The man died a week ago.The man_ _ _ for a week.,has been on,have be
15、en away,has been dead,4.He joined the club 3 days ago.He_ _ _the club for 3 days.5.They got married 10 years ago.They_ _ _for 10 years.,has been in,have been married,五年中考,35.Everyone except Tom and John _ seen the film.(2009)A.is B.has C.are D.have,B,Do you know her well?(2010)Sure.We _friends since
16、 10 years agoA were B have made C have been D have become,C,39.Our English teacher is very nice.We _ friends since three years ago.(2012)A.were B.became C.have been D.have made,C,43.Your shoes are so old.Why dont you buy a new pair?Because I _ all my money on an MP5.A.spend B.have spent C.am spending D.was spending,B,
