《2016中考英语形容词、副词专项复习.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2016中考英语形容词、副词专项复习.ppt（141页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、形容词、副词,知识网络,考点一 形容词1形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。You must keep your eyes closed_when you do eye exercise.(宾补)当你做眼保健操时，必须闭上眼睛。There are many _colourful_coral reefs under the sea.(定语)海底有许多色彩斑斓的珊瑚礁。Mother looked happy when she received our presents.(表语)妈妈收到我们的礼物时很高兴。,2形容词作定语时，一般要放在被修饰的名词前，不定代词
2、或副词后。但enough既可放在被修饰的名词前，也可放在被修饰的名词后。The boy is old_enough to go to school.这个男孩已足够大能去上学了。He has something_interesting to tell his mother.他有一些有趣的事要告诉他妈妈。3基数词可与名词(用连字符相连)构成复合形容词，用作定语。这时名词总用单数，而且这个复合形容词总是放在被修饰的名词前，常表示时间、度量等。如：a 5yearold girl,4有些形容词只能用作表语，不能作定语。这类形容词主要有afraid，alone，asleep，alive，awake，ill
3、等。5有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如：friendly，lively，silly，lovely等。6以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。如：interesting(有趣的)，interested(感兴趣的)7“the形容词”表示一类人或物。如：the poor(穷人)等。,8一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式。如：9常见形容词的近义词归类。largebig，gladhappy/pleased，cleverbright，dearexpensive，brokenworn out，harddifficult，finewell，illsick，nicekind
4、/fine/good/beautiful，alonelonely,10常见形容词的反义词归类。badgood，bigsmall，largesmall，blackwhite，busyfree，coldhot，coolwarm，deadliving/alive，drywet，emptyfull，fastslow，highlow，illwell，littlemuch，openclosed，samedifferent，safedangerous，southernnorthern，lessmore，leastmost，worsebetter，worstbest，cheapdear/expensive，e
5、asyhard/difficult，possibleimpossible，happyunhappy/sad，earlylate,11形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级。(1)规则变化,(2)不规则变化,12.形容词原级用法(1)说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。The pictures on the wall are nice.墙上的图片很漂亮。(2)有表示绝对概念的副词very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰时用形容词原级。The man is very tall.这个人很高。(3)表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。肯定句中的结构：“A.
6、as形容词原级asB”English is as important as Chinese.,英语和语文一样重要。否定句中的结构：“A.notas/so形容词原级asB”I am not so fast as Lucy.我没有露西快。表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A.倍数as形容词原级asB”结构。(两倍：twice；三倍以上：数字times)Our school is three times as big as his.我们学校是他学校的三倍大。This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。“half as形容词原级as”表示“是的一
7、半”。,His apples are half as many as his sisters.他的苹果是他妹妹的一半多。13形容词比较级用法(1)表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A.比较级thanB”。The oranges in this bag are bigger than those in that bag.这个包里的橘子比那个包里的橘子大。(2)有表示程度的副词a little，a bit，a few，a lot,much，even，still，far，rather，any等修饰时，用形容词比较级。,It is much hotter in Guangdong than
8、that in Jilin.广东比吉林热得多。(3)表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”时，用句型“Which/Who is形容词比较级，A or B？”表示。Which book is newer，this one or that one?哪本书更新一些，这本还是那本？(4)表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数比较级than”表示。Her house is twice bigger than mine.她的房子比我的大两倍。,(5)表示“两者之间较一个(of the two)”时，常用“the比较级”结构。Tom is the taller of the two boys.汤姆是这两个男孩中较高的一个。(
9、6)表示“越来越”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级and比较级”，当形容词是多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more形容词原级”。Its getting warmer_and_warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。Our school is becoming more_and_more_beautiful.,我们的学校变得越来越漂亮了。(7)表示“越就越”时，用“the 比较级，the另一比较级”结构。The_more we get together,the_happier well be.我们越聚在一起就越高兴。14形容词最高级用法(1)表示三者或三者以上的人
10、或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。He is the youngest in our class.他是我们班年龄最小的。Marys handwriting is the best of the three girls.,玛丽的字在三个女孩中是最好的。(2)表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which/Who isthe最高级，A，B or C？”结构。Who is the oldest，Mary，Nancy or Lily?谁的年龄最大，玛丽，南希还是莉莉？(3)表示“最的之一”时用“one of the形容词最高
11、级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。The pen is one of the most beautiful pens.这支钢笔是最漂亮的钢笔之一。(4)形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最”。,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.在中国，黄河是第二长河。(5)形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再用定冠词the。Tomorrow will be my busiest day.明天将是我最忙碌的一天。(6)形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。Li Lei is the_tall
12、est_student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。Li Lei is taller_ than any other student in his class.,李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。Li Lei is taller_than the other students in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。Li Lei is taller_than anyone else in his class.李雷比班上其他任何人都高。特别注意：(1)ing形容词与ed形容词ing形容词表示“令人的”，表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰或说明事物。如：su
13、rprising“令人惊讶的”，exciting“令人兴奋的”，interesting“有趣的”等。ed形容,词表示“感到的”，表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb.beed形容词介词”结构。如：surprised“感到惊讶的”，excited“感到兴奋的”，interested“感兴趣的”等。We are all excited about the exciting news.我们听到这令人兴奋的消息都感到很激动。(2)在同一范围内比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外。(在不同范围内比较时，主体可以和其中任意一个对象进行比较)。如：China is larger
14、than any_other country in Asia.中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大。,China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。考点二 副词1副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，在句中可以作状语、表语、宾语补足语。Please dont leave the room when I am away.当我不在的时候请不要离开房间。The radio says the clouds will lift quite_quickly.收音机上说云将会很快散去。,注：可以用作表语的副词有：in，out，on，off，
15、up，down，over，around。2副词的分类副词一般分为以下几类：(1)时间副词。如：now，often，usually，always，early，then，soon，before，ago等。(2)地点副词。如：here，there，out，above，below，outside，up，down，downstairs 等。(3)方式副词。如：hard，well，badly，fast，slowly，quietly等。,(4)程度副词。如：very，much，still，almost，quite，so，too等。(5)疑问副词。如：how，when，why，where等(用于特殊疑问句句首
16、)。(6)关系副词。如：when，where，why(放在引导的定语从句句首)。(7)连接副词。如：how，where，why，whether等(放在名词性从句句首，主要是宾语从句)。3副词的位置(1)频度副词，如always，often，sometimes，usually等,通常放在动词之前。但在句子里如果有助动词或情态动词，则要放在它们之后。如果有系动词be，也要放在系动词之后。He usually has lunch in the factory.他通常在工厂吃午饭。The boy is often late for class.那个男孩子上课经常迟到。(2)enough作形容词修饰名词
17、时，一般放在所修饰的词之前；作副词修饰形容词或副词时，应放在所修饰的词之后。I have enough money to buy the book.,我有足够的钱买下这本书。Hes tall enough to get the book down.他足够高，可以把书取下来。(3)时间副词和地点副词的位置一般放在句尾。如果这两种副词同时出现在句中，则把地点副词放在时间副词的前面，也可把时间副词放在句首。They went swimming in the river yesterday.Yesterday they went swimming in the river.昨天他们去河里游泳了。,(4
18、)方式副词修饰不及物动词时放在被修饰词之后，修饰及物动词时，放在被修饰的动词之前或宾语之后，如果宾语较长，也可把副词放在动词和宾语之间。My father works hard.我父亲工作努力。Tom speaks Chinese very well.汤姆的中文说得很好。Mr Wang wrote carefully some letters to his friends.王先生很认真地给他的朋友们写信。(5)“及物动词副词”组成的动词词组有名词作宾语时，该名词放在副词前或后均可，如是代词作宾语，则必须将该词放在副词前。,Can I try on the shoes，please?我可以试穿这
19、鞋吗？Dont cut it down!别把它砍倒！(6)程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词前面，放在情态动词和助动词之后。Im very sad to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。(7)某些副词为了强调上下句的衔接，放在句前。Suddenly he had a good idea.突然他想出了一个好办法。4副词比较等级用法,(1)副词的比较级、最高级的变法和形容词的比较级、最高级变法基本相同。请参见形容词比较等级用法。(2)在两者进行比较“表示A不如B”时，部分双音节和多音节副词除使用“not.as/so副词原级as”结构外，还可使用“less副词原级than”结构。Bill
20、 didnt do his homework as_carefully_as Jim.Bill did his homework less_carefully_than Jim.Bill做作业没有Jim认真。(3)副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the。Lin Tao did best in English of all.林涛的英语最好。,(4)不规则变化表5.几个常用副词的用法区别(1)how long/how soon/how often/how farhow long“多久，多长时间”，是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for时间段”和“since时间点”回答。,how soon“多快，多久以后
21、”，是对一个短暂性动词提问，用于一般将来时句子中，常用“in时间段”回答。how often“多长时间一次”，对频度提问，常用once/twice/three.times a.等回答。how far“多远”，对距离提问。(2)hard/hardlyhard“努力地，辛苦地”，“剧烈地，猛烈地”是程度副词。hardly“几乎不”，是否定副词。We should learn Chinese hard as a Chinese.作为中国人，我们应该努力学习汉语。,I can hardly_ see the words on the blackboard.我几乎看不清黑板上的字。(3)much too
22、/too muchmuch too“非常，极其，太”，much和too都是副词，much修饰too以加强语气，中心词是too，much too修饰形容词或副词原级。too much“太多”，中心词是much，too修饰much以加强语气，too much修饰不可数名词。too much与too many相对，但too many修饰可数名词。You will become _much_too fat some day.有一天你将会变得非常胖。,Dont eat any more，you have eaten too_much.不要再吃了，你已经吃太多了。(4)too/also/eithertoo
23、 一般不用于否定句，常放在句尾。also常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。either用于否定句，常放在句尾。You are a student.I am a student,too.你是学生。我也是学生。They are also students.他们也是学生。You dont know the matter.I dont know,either.,你不知道这件事。我也不知道。(5)too/enough/sotoo“太，很”，用于“too.to.”结构，表示否定意义“太而不能”。enough“足够”，用于“形容词/副词原级enough to.”结构，表示“足够能”。so“如此”，用
24、于“so.that.”结构，表示“如此以至于”。Im too tired to go on the work.我太累了而不能继续工作。,The girl is old enough to go to school.这个女孩足够大能去上学了。The lake is so deep that nobody dare to swim in it.这个湖太深了以至于没人敢在里面游泳。(6)already/yetalready常用于肯定句。yet常用于否定句和疑问句句尾。I have already_ finished my homework.我已经完成了我的家庭作业。Have you finished
25、 your homework yet?你做完家庭作业了吗？,常见的连系动词1.be“是，成为”例：Jim is more careful than Mary.（是仔细的）2.smell“闻起来”例：The dish smells delicious.（闻起来美味的）3.taste“尝起来”例：The soup tastes good.（尝起来好的）4.sound“听起来”例：The music sounds beautiful.(听起来优美的)5.look“看上去”例：You look tired today.（看上去疲劳的）6.seem“似乎是”例：Mr.Wang seems angry.（
26、似乎是生气的）7.feel“感觉”例：Are you feeling well now?（感觉身体好的）,8.become“变成”例：The teacher became angry with Jim.（变得生气的）9.get“变成”例：In spring the weather gets warmer.（变得暖和的）10.turn“变成”例：Her face turned red.（变成红色的）11.go“变成”例：The food in the box went bad.（变成坏了的）e“变成”例：I think my dream will come true.（变成真实的）13.fall
27、“变成”例：Yesterday Jim fell ill and didnt go to school.（变得生病的）14.keep“保持某种状态”例：We should take exercise to keep healthy.（保持健康的）15.stay“保持某种状态”例：Id like to stay healthy.（保持健康的）,2.以上15个动词只有表示所给意思时才是连系动词。例：look“看上去”You look tired today.（看上去疲劳的；look是连系动词）look“看-”Jim is looking at the blackboard carefully.（仔
28、细地看；look是实义动词）,1.John is so excited.Did he win the competition?Yes.He was lucky and he had one minute to complete the special task,no more and no less.A.especially B.probably C.exactly D.hardly2.What do you think of the dish I cooked for you?I havent had it yet.However,it good.A.tastes B.smells C.so
29、unds D.feels3.Can you tell the difference between these two pictures?Difference?Oh,no.They look quite.A.similar B.different C.strange D.interesting4.Do you like swimming in winter?Of course.The water a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy.A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.looks5.Ill not
30、 be Jacks friend any more.Dont be angry.Hes just so,but in fact hes good to us,you know.A.helpful B.direct C.polite D.brave,6.Can you catch what I said?Sorry,I can _ understand it.A.almost B.probably C.nearly D.hardly7.Do you have the news about Anna?I was told she had gone abroad on June 15th,but I
31、 dont know whether she is there now.A.latest B.funniest C.longest D.worst 8.The meat will stay _ for several days if you put it in the fridge.A.fresh B.active C.natural D.common9.The model plane isnt as nice as my partners,but _ it was made by myself.A.at last B.at least C.at times D.at present10.Ho
32、w will the boss be back?In these days.A.farB.soonC.longD.often,11.How often do you exercise?ever.Because I am very busy with my work.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.Almost12.The cake delicious.I cant wait to eat it.A.feels B.sounds C.becomes D.smells13.Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course.It inter
33、esting.A.tastesB.smellsC.soundsD.feels14.The medicine awful.I cant stand it.-I know,Jimmy.But Its helpful for you.A.tastes B.eats C.drinks D.takes15.Some of my friends eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what nice.A.feels B.smells C.looks D.tastes,16.When asked what they needed most,the kids sa
34、id they wanted to _important and loved.A.turn B.sound C.feel17.The skirt _ as if it is made of silk.A.sounds B.tastes C.feels D.smells18.What will a science museum be like if you are asked to build one?I hope it will _ like a book.A.taste B.sound C.look D.smell19.Clothes made of silk _softer than th
35、ose made of cotton.A.are felt B.feel C.are feeling 20.Shall we go for a walk?-great.A.Feels B.Sounds C.Turns D.Looks,21.Coffee is ready.How nice it!A.smells B.sounds C.feels22.His wish to enter a key school has true.A.came B.come C.fallen D.felt23.Dont eat the food.It bad.A.go B.was getting C.goes D
36、.smell24.How _ Cindy grows!Shes almost as tall as her mother now.A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight 25.Although Ms Zhou is an old lady,she is always in the pink.Yes.Because she exercises every day and eats a balanced _ diet.A.healthy B.lucky C.beautiful D.creative,26.That clothes store is _ on weeken
37、ds.I see.Ill go there next Monday then.A.open B.close C.opened D.closed27.It is _ for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.A.badB.easyC.hardD.right28.You have to be _ and wait until I finish my work.A.patientB.strictC.honest D.active29.Have you heard the song Stay Here For
38、ever?Yes.It sounds _.A.well B.loudlyC.sweet D.beautifully 30.Overseas experience may help make our life.So why not try to study abroad?A.usual B.useful C.successful D.traditional,31.Mona doesnt like making speeches.She feels _ talking in front of the class.A.annoyed B.excited C.nervous D.surprised32
39、.The old man was so _ the good news that he couldnt say a word.A.interested in B.excited about C.afraid of D.worried about33.My grandfather is over 80,but he is still in good health and stay _.A.safe B.warm C.awake D.active34.Guess what!Teresa makes her own clothes.Wow,she is so _.I could never do t
40、hat.A.simple B.creative C.popular D.energetic35.The fruits are _,because they were picked from the garden just now.A.fresh B.cheap C.big D.unhealthy,36.Would you like some cakes,Allen?Yes,please.And I also want some water.Im so _!A.lazy B.hungry C.sleepy D.thirsty37.Id love to go to the English even
41、ing.But Im a little _,because I will be asked to sing an English song in the front of the whole school.A.tired B.sad C.nervous D.pleased38.Where shall we eat tonight?Lets call Harry.He _ knows the best places to go.A.only B.nearly C.seldom D.always39.I ts said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful.Thats
42、 true.We clapped our hands _ many times during his speech yesterday.A.excited B.excitedly C.exciting D.excitingly,40.As we know its difficult to live in a foreign country._ if you cant understand the language there.A.Exactly B.Naturally C.Usually D.Especially41.I could _ control my feelings now.The
43、song brought back so many childhood memories.A.really B.hardly C.nearly D.clearly42.If my friends have any problems,my door is _ open to them.A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always43.On March 8th,Flight MH 370 went missing.The news brought great sadness to us,the families of the passengers.A.even B.o
44、nly C.also D.especially44.We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class.A.clearly B.carefully C.carelessly D.properly,45._,the Internet was only used by the government.But now its widely used in every field.A.As usual B.At first C.After all D.So far46.This movie wasnt _.He fell asleep half
45、way through it.A.interesting enough B.enough interesting C.interested enough D.enough interested47.Tony,_ are you in such a hurry?The meeting will start soon.I dont want to be late.A.where B.how C.when D.why48.-_ do you know so much about the UFO?I usually get the information by surfing the Internet
46、.A.How B.What C.Which D.Where,1.What do you think of that clever boy?He is a very(succeed)student,because he is interested in study.2.If you can answer all the questions(correct),you will get a gift form the host.3.Did you hear anything(usual)in the next door?No,I was chatting online with friends.4.
47、David fell(sleep)in class because he stayed up too late last night.5.The little girl is very kind and she always talks to people（polite）.6.Its cool and(sun)in autumn in our hometown.,7.“Will it be possible to get me another ticket?”he asked(hopeful).8.To tell the(true),I dont like the drinks in that
48、 caf.9.Its a(an)(usual)experience,few people have chances to do it.10.The plane landed(safe)yesterday.11.It is(possible)for humans to live on Mars at present.12.He looked(angry)at the young man and didnt say a word.,13.Im so tired that I can h keep my eyes open.14.We cant breathe f air because of po
49、lluted environment.15.Please give me a hand.Im not tall e to reach the book on the top of the bookshelf.16.It is usually very hot in June,but s it can be cool.17.The boy is so c that he can work out many difficult problems,18.Yao Ming,one of Chinas best ever basketball players,is more than 2 metres
50、t.19.Im of the dark.Thats why I always go to sleep with the light on.,20.My classmates are all friendly.I find it easy to get on with them.21.Leo has no sisters or brothers.He is the o child in his family.22.There is little time left.We have to walk q_ to get there on time.23.Ted is so b that he has
