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1、MySQL Monitoring,ChinaUnix网友技术交流,MySQL Monitoring,一、如何有效监控?监控的目的 二、基本监控解决方案(基础数据收集)三、高级解决方案(数据库健康状态，优化)四、MySQL性能相关交互式监控工具 五、相关资源参考,一、如何有效监控?,一、如何有效监控?监控的目的?1、服务健康监测（存活，故障告警.）2、监控系统采集数据，依据数据进行调优,二、基本监控解决方案,二、基本监控解决方案(收集系统信息)top、vmstat、iostat、mpstat、mytop、dstata、free、/proc/.、mstat、mtop.命令行工具分析系统资源使用状况
2、.,三、高级监控解决方案,三、高级监控解决方案 1、Nagios相关:(收集数据库信息及健康状态，对数据库调整优化)check_mysql 推荐 nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3 适当选择 check_mysql_health 重点介绍推荐 由于时间关系本PPT只重点介绍一下Nagios相关的插件脚本.重点介绍一下check_mysql_health监控数据库调优。2、MySQL Activity Report 基于rrdtool*http:/*http:/演示网站,三、高级监控解决方案,三、高级监控解决方案 3、CACTI*MySQL模板 4、RRD 参考资料:*http:/
3、*http:/www.fi.muni.cz/kas/mrtg-rrd/*http:/5、Munin*http:/.,Nagios check_mysql,#cd/usr/local/nagios/libexec/#./check_mysql help/查看使用说明.Usage:check_mysql-d database-H host-P port-s socket-u user-p password-SOptions:-h,-help Print detailed help screen-V,-version Print version information-H,-hostname=ADD
4、RESS Host name,IP Address,or unix socket(must be an absolute path)-P,-port=INTEGER Port number(default:3306)-s,-socket=STRING Use the specified socket(has no effect if-H is used)-d,-database=STRING Check database with indicated name-u,-username=STRING Connect using the indicated username-p,-password
5、=STRING Use the indicated password to authenticate the connection=IMPORTANT:THIS FORM OF AUTHENTICATION IS NOT SECURE!=Your clear-text password could be visible as a process table entry-S,-check-slave/检测Slave状态.Check if the slave thread is running properly.-w,-warning Exit with WARNING status if sla
6、ve server is more than INTEGER seconds behind master-c,-critical Exit with CRITICAL status if slave server is more then INTEGER seconds behind master,Nagios check_mysql,示例：Nagios 监控服务器如要监控DB服务器和Slave DB服务器数据库授权：(登陆DB服务器，进行授权用户名netseek,密码linuxtone)mysql grant all privileges-on*.*-to netseek192.168.16
7、9.138 identified by linuxtone;Query OK,0 rows affected(0.00 sec)mysql flush privileges;Query OK,0 rows affected(0.00 sec),Nagios check_mysql,示例：在监控机上.#cd/usr/local/nagios/libexec/连接204查看数据库状态:#./check_mysql-H-u netseek-p linuxtoneUptime:2146510 Threads:1 Questions:61155591 Slow queries:325 Opens:127
8、3 Flush tables:1 Open tables:767 Queries per second avg:28.491连接数据库123查看./check_mysql-H 192.168.169.123-u netseek-p linuxtone-S-w 60-c 600Uptime:35349 Threads:1 Questions:4022 Slow queries:0 Opens:38 Flush tables:1 Open tables:32 Queries per second avg:0.114 Slave IO:Yes Slave SQL:Yes Seconds Behind
9、 Master:0OK,在命令行下都能正常连接数据库:,Check_mysql Nagios配置,#vi commands.cfg 添加如下：#check_mysqldefine command command_name check_mysql command_line$USER1$/check_mysql-H$ARG1$-P$ARG2$-u$ARG3$-p$ARG4$/仔细看参数传递与上面的命令行对应.#check_slavedefine command command_name check_slave command_line$USER1$/check_mysql-H$ARG1$-P$AR
10、G2$-u$ARG3$-p$ARG4$-S-w$ARG5$-c$ARG6$,Check_mysql Nagios配置,#vi sh-wt-www-db.cfg 给上海网通两台DB服务器配置上mysql数据库检测:.在自己定的的配置文件里，添加如下服务段.#check_mysqldefine service host_name dbss-master service_description check_mysql check_command check_mysql!3306!netseek!linuxtone.#check slavedefine service host_name dbss-s
11、lave service_description check_slave check_command check_slave!192.168.169.123!3306!netseek!linuxtone!60!600.,Nagios check_mysql,check_mysql监控演示效果Check_mysql S 模块可以很好的检测mysql replication slave的健康状态.mysqlshow slave stautsG*是否工作 Slave_IO_running:YES Slave_SQL_running:YES*延迟情况 Sencodes_behind_master,na
12、gios-mysql-plugins,选择性的使用此插件来配合监控工作#wget#tar zxvf#cd nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3#chmod a+x*#mv*/usr/local/nagios/libexec插件解释:check_db_mysql.pl 检测mysql是否运行.check_errorlog_mysql.pl 检测数据库下的错误日志perf_mysql.pl 收集性能数据,类似后面要讲的check_mysql_healthreplication相关.check_repl_mysql_cnt_slave_hosts.pl/检测复制相关。check_repl
13、_mysql_hearbeat.plcheck_repl_mysql_io_thread.plcheck_repl_mysql_read_exec_pos.plcheck_repl_mysql_readonly.plcheck_repl_mysql_seconds_behind_master.plcheck_repl_mysql_sql_thread.pl-,nagios-mysql-plugins,./check_db_mysql.pl-h-u netseek-p linuxtone-port 3306编写command define command command_name check_d
14、b_mysql command_line$USER1$/check_db_mysql.pl-h$ARG1$-u$ARG2$-p$ARG3$-port$ARG4$.服务端配置:.check_command check_db_mysql!netseek!linuxtone!3306.,check_mysql_health,一、安装check_mysql_health 官方网站:/#wget#tar zxvf#cd#./configure-prefix=/usr/local/nagios-with-nagios-user=nagios-with-nagios-group=nagios-with-pe
15、rl-with-statefiles-dir=/tmp#make&make install 注:check_mysql_health(check_mysql_perf的替代方案，官方不再支持 check_mysql_perf)详细参见:,check_mysql_health,二、check_mysql_health 插件使用说明#cd/usr/local/nagios/libexec/#./check_mysql_health-help Check various parameters of MySQL databases Usage:check_mysql_health-v-t-hostna
16、me-port|-socket-username-password-mode-method mysql check_mysql_health-h|-help check_mysql_health-V|-version,check_mysql_health,.Options:-hostname the database servers hostname-port the databases port.(default:3306)-socket the databases unix socket.-username the mysql db user-password the mysql db u
17、sers password-database the databases name.(default:information_schema)-warning the warning range-critical the critical range,check_mysql_health,.-mode the mode of the plugin.select one of the following keywords:connection-time(Time to connect to the server)连接到服务器的时间.uptime(Time the server is running
18、)MySQL服务器运行的时间 threads-connected(Number of currently open connections)数据库服器当前打开的连接 threadcache-hitrate(Hit rate of the thread-cache)线程缓存命中率-mysql replication 相关段-slave-lag(Seconds behind master)判断slave落后于master多少秒 slave-io-running(Slave io running:Yes)表明Slave复制正常运行 slave-sql-running(Slave sql runnin
19、g:Yes)表明Slave复制正常运行 用check_mysql 模块来替代这些功能更,check_mysql是用C写的执行速度更快.-check-slave./check_mysql-H 192.168.169.123-u netseek-p linuxtone-S 来解决,check_mysql_health,.-查询缓存相关-qcache-hitrate(Query cache hitrate)查询命中率,这个比率越高则表明服务器的SELECT 查询性能就越好 qcache-lowmem-prunes(Query cache entries pruned because of low m
20、emory)由于内存较小从缓存删除的查询数量 增大query_cache_size的值，以减小lowmem,增加缓存命中率 keycache-hitrate(MyISAM key cache hitrate)n key缓存命中率 如果命中率低，则调大key_buffer_size-InnoDB Cache命中率-bufferpool-hitrate(InnoDB buffer pool hitrate)Innodb 缓冲池命中率 bufferpool-wait-free(InnoDB buffer pool waits for clean page available)Innodb的缓行冲池等
21、待清理页.log-waits(InnoDB log waits because of a too small log buffer)因为太小log缓冲区导致inndob log等待.-,check_mysql_health,-tablecache-hitrate(Table cache hitrate)表缓存命中率 table-lock-contention(Table lock contention)连接锁表率 table_locks_waited/table_locaks_immediate table_locak_waited：不能立即获得的表的锁表次数 table_locak_imme
22、diate:立即获得的表的锁表次数.小于1%较优，如果1%需要引起注意，3%性能问题.index-usage(Usage of indices)索引使用情况.tmp-disk-tables(Percent of temp tables created on disk)临时表创建.slow-queries(Slow queries)慢查询 long-running-procs(long running processes)长期运行的进程.cluster-ndbd-running(ndnd nodes are up and running)ndbd 集群节点运行状况 sql(any sql com
23、mand returning a single number)执行返回一个数字的任何SQL。告警值规则:10 means Alert,if 10 and 90:means Alert,if 90“,check_mysql_health,三、示例：Nagios 监控服务器如要监控DB服务器和Slave DB服务器数据库授权：(登陆DB服务器，进行授权用户名netseek,密码linuxtone)mysql grant all privileges-on*.*-to netseek192.168.169.138 identified by linuxtone;Query OK,0 rows aff
24、ected(0.00 sec)mysql flush privileges;Query OK,0 rows affected(0.00 sec)OK-2 client connection threads|threads_connected=2;10;20,check_mysql_health,三、示例：在监控机上.#cd/usr/local/nagios/libexec/连接123查看数据库查询线程缓存命中率状态:#./check_mysql_health-hostname 192.168.169.123-port 3306-username netseek-password linuxto
25、ne-mode threadcache-hitrateOK-thread cache hitrate 91.30%|thread_cache_hitrate=91.30%;90:;80:thread_cache_hitrate_now=91.30%connections_per_sec=0.0090:表示小于90 warning,80 表示小于80 则critical查询命中率#./check_mysql_health-hostname 192.168.169.122-port 3306-username netseek-password linuxtone-mode qcache-hitra
26、teWARNING-query cache hitrate 88.19%|qcache_hitrate=88.19%;90:;80:qcache_hitrate_now=78.57%selects_per_sec=0.75,check_mysql_health,三、示例：在监控机上.调整告警阀值:#./check_mysql_health-hostname 192.168.169.122-port 3306-username netseek-password linuxtone-w 80:-c 70:-mode qcache-hitrateOK-query cache hitrate 88.1
27、9%|qcache_hitrate=88.19%;80:;70:qcache_hitrate_now=85.63%selects_per_sec=0.52连接123数据库查看锁表率.#./check_mysql_health-hostname 192.168.169.123-port 3306-username netseek-password linuxtone-mode table-lock-contentionOK-table lock contention 0.00%|tablelock_contention=0.00%;1;2 tablelock_contention_now=0.0
28、0%连接123数据库查看数据库服务器当前连接数量:#./check_mysql_health-hostname 192.168.169.123-port 3306-username netseek-password linuxtone-mode threads-connectedOK-2 client connection threads|threads_connected=2;10;20,check_mysql_health,Nagios相关配置#vi commands.cfg 添加如下：#check_health_mysqldefine command command_name check
29、_mysql_health command_line$USER1$/check_mysql_health-hostname$ARG1$-port$ARG2$-username$ARG3$-password$ARG4$-mode$ARG5$#vi sh-wt-www-db.cfg 给上海网通两台DB服务器配置上mysql数据库检测:.在自己定的的配置文件里，添加如下服务段.define service host_name dbss-slave service_description threads-connected check_command check_mysql_health!3306!n
30、etseek!linuxtone!threads-connected,check_mysql_health,.define service host_name dbss-slave service_description qcache-hitrate check_command check_mysql_health!3306!netseek!linuxtone!qcache-hitrate.define service host_name dbss-slave service_description keycache-hitrate check_command check_mysql_heal
31、th!3306!netseek!linuxtone!keycache-hitrate.,check_mysql_health,演示效果更详细请参照官方文档:,四、MySQL性能交互式监控工具,1、MySQL性能调优命令行工具介绍*http:/*操作文章参考*innotop:2、慢查询日志分析*如何记录慢查询日志#vi/etc/f log-queries-not-using-indexes long_query_time=10 log-slow-queries=/data/mysql/data/slow.log 3、慢查询日志分析工具 mysqldumpslow,mysqlsla,myprofi,mysql-explain-slow-log,mysqllogfilter,四、相关参考资源,相关参考资源 1.monitoring_mysql_slides_en 2.MySQL Slow Tools 3.check_mysql.c 4.MySQL Monitoring,
