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1、,散文的翻译原则,什么是散文,广义而言,凡是不属于韵文的文章都可称为散文。西方人甚至把小说也包括在散文之内;我国有些现代叙事性文章名为散文,但称之为小说也无不可。不过,严格说来,我们说的散文应相当于西方的Essay,与诗歌（poem)、小说(novel)、戏剧(drama)并起并坐,文字一般都比较短小精炼,如随笔、小品文、杂感、游记、日记、书信、回忆录、通讯报道等等。,.,特点,散文是一种最灵活、最自由的文体。它篇幅短小、题材广泛；结构散而不乱，形式灵活；散文的语言充分体现了汉语多辞藻华美，或文意浓郁，文采飞扬的特点。,英语则措辞简洁、文意客观、文采朴素。英汉语言的天然差异给散文的翻译带来很大
2、的困难，散文的翻译不能机械地直译。,散文翻译原则,散文的特点决定了散文的翻译必须是灵活地将“形”与“神”统一。许渊冲在谈到文学翻译时说：“文学翻译不单是译词，还要译意：不单要译意，还要译味。”英国散文翻译家Hilaire Belloc 为文学散文翻译制定了6 条原则，认为翻译的本质是异地之魂假借本地之躯的复活(the essence of translating is the resurrection of an alien thing in a native body),强调散文的翻译不能拘泥于原文之字句,要视段落或部分为整体。,.,散文翻译原则,在散文翻译中,我们要想译得曲尽其妙,须得传神
3、地摹写作者的气质神韵。每一个作者有每一个的个性特点、气质精神,着手翻译之前,要先对作者进行深入的研究,把握其时代背景、人生经历、创作风格等,这样的翻译方能做到传神达意,否则,难免貌合神离,.,例1,这是一条幽僻的路，白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。-It is off the beaten track and few pass this way even by day,so at night it is still more quiet.-The footpath,peaceful and secluded,is not much frequented by pedestrians in the
4、daytime and at night,it is even more solitary.,.,例2,曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。-As far as eye could see,the pool with its winding margin was covered with trim leaves.-All over the pond with its winding margin what meets the eye was a field trim leaves.,.,例3,层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩的打着朵儿的，正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天
5、里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人。-And starring these tiers of leaves were white lotus flowers,alluringly open or bashfully in bud,like glimmering pearls,stars in an azure sky,or beauties fresh from the bath.-Upon layers of leaves are dotted with white lotus flowers,some blooming gracefully while others budding bashful
6、ly.They are just like pearls shining bright,or stars twinkling high in an azure sky.They are also like fair ladies coming fresh out of a bath.,.,例4,连夜雨雪,一点星光都看不见。It had been snowing all night,not a single star in sight.(译文snowing、single、star、sight用s押头韵,用night和sight押尾韵,读起来朗朗上口,音律优美。),.,翻译文学作品,光传意是远远不够的,还要注意保持原作的感情、韵味、意境和风格。文学作品是一种艺术品,翻译后还应该是艺术品。,.,
