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1、,Preparation for IELTS and English Learning雅思备考与英语学习On the Analysis of IELTS Listening,Reading,Writing and Speaking,Listening 30 minutes,Academic Reading60 minutes,General Training Reading60 minutes,General Training Writing60 minutes,Academic Writing60 minutes,Speaking11-14minutes,雅思考试流程,雅思分数段,Liste
2、ningDuration and format30 minutes,40 questions,Four sections.The first two sections-social needs.A conversation between two speakers and then a monologue.The final two sections-educational situations.A conversation between up to four people and then a further monologue.A range of English accents and
3、 dialects are used in the recordings which reflects the international usage of IELTS.,Questions Types:multiple choiceshort-answer questionssentence completionnotes/summary/diagram/flow-chart/table completionlabelling a diagram which has numbered partsclassificationmatching,Listening Scoring One mark
4、 is awarded for each correct answer in the 40-item test.Score band40 935 39 830 34 723 29 616 22 511 15 44 10 32 3 21 1,雅思2+2听力教学法1、课堂两遍 第一遍：一边看题一边听 第二遍：总结考点，写出考点词，边听边讲 a.生词(senior citizens，orientation)b.场景（catering,traveling)c.读音(case study,ice-skating,fine arts，fianc)d.文化背景知识(red meat,vegetarian)e
5、.语法知识 2、课下做一遍note-taking，再做一遍复述,listening situation:library(section 14),registration:information desk,information sector,librarian desk registration fee,membership fee ID documents:passport,visa,student card,library card,drivers license,credit card,bank statement,phone bill,Identity cardLibrary card
6、,borrowers card,readers card,electronic card,PIN,passwordBooks:fiction,reference books,technical books,leisure books,notion,academicPeriodicals:magazines,journals Current issues,back issuesTechnical Resources:photocopying machine,photocopier,color,white and black photocopier,printer,laser printer,ca
7、rd,coin,internet access,computers,laptopsElectronic,digital:CD,DVD,VCD,videos,tapes,cassettes,CD-ROMRecall system:catalogue,call slip,librarianCirculation:borrow,loan,return,renew,overdue,fine,reserveLoan time:weeks,monthsTraining classes:research methods,IT,computer software,dissertation writing,Li
8、stening situations:travel,Types:trip,outing,excursion,tour,journey,voyage,package tour,inclusive holidayScenery:scene,main attraction,resort,sight,view,place of interestInteresting places:temple,gallery,museum,rainforest,cave,town,tribe,park,waterfalls,jungle,sea view,farm travelfeature:scuba diving
9、,bush walking,parachuting,fungi tour,four-wheel drive,crocodile cruise，package tour,excursion,walking tourtransportation:bus,train,express train,subway,tube,tram,ferry,sailing boat,metro,shuttle,coach,taxi,cab,motorbike,bicycle,plane,airline,flight,by air(N.B.donkeys,mule,horse)tickets:one way/singl
10、e,round/return,first-class ticket,economy ticket,ticket reservation,family ticket,discounted ticketWhat to bring(clothing):sweater,raincoat,windproof coat,trousers,boots,socks,trainers,uniforms,spare socksWhat to bring(medicine):antibiotics,penicillin,aspirin,painkillers,sleeping pills,sun cream(sun
11、 total block)Where to stay:hotel,hostel,motel,hotel rooms(en suite),car parkWhat to buy:souvenir,gifts,local history books,handicraft,antique,painting,fruit(apple,tomato,cucumber,figs,pineapple,passion fruit)Personal interest:weather,food,natural environment,culture,art,exhibition,Version 21 41Versi
12、on 66 71Version 30014 30020Version 40101 40112Version 30032 30090Version 50101 50233Version 60121 60141Version 07101-07148Version 08101-08148Version 09117-09130,雅思听力机经雅思听力辅助教材-提高听力的捷径,StaplerPaperclipCall diversionPlacement periodCyber caf Hall of residenceHusbandrySecondary schoolInsurance policyCa
13、r plate,ReadingDuration and format60 minutes.40 questions,three reading passages with a total of 2,000 to 2,750 words.Texts and questions appear on a Question Paper which candidates can write on but not remove from the test room.All answers must be entered on an Answer Sheet during the 60-minute tes
14、t.No extra time is allowed to transfer answers.,Task Typesmultiple choiceshort-answer questionssentence completionnotes/summary/diagram/flow-chart/table completionchoosing from a heading bank for identified paragraphs/sections of the textidentification of writers views/claims yes,no or not giveniden
15、tification of information in the text yes,no or not given/true,false or not givenclassificationmatching lists/phrases,Reading Scoring,Score band40 935 39 830 34 723 29 615 22 511 15 44 10 32 3 21 1,IELTS Reading and English learning,雅思阅读策略先读题还是先读文章？(雅思阅读平行做法)回原文定位-怎样定位？（观点态度，人名、地名，数字，年代等）以出题人的思维去读文章
16、-找考点词、句（标点，复杂句，包含观点，实验、研究结果的句子，标志词如but,in contrast,however,supporters,advocates,opponents,etc.）,认知图式与阅读理解能力1.什么是认知图式 A schema(plural schemata)is a hypothetical mental structure for representing generic concepts stored in memory.Its a sort of framework.,examples:,supermarket(how to select goods,how a
17、nd where to pay,etc.),restaurant(all of the details about being seated,giving their order to the waiter,leaving a tip at the end,etc.),A supermarketA supermarket with a McDonaldsOnline supermarket 原有图式的巩固加强，原有图式的扩大，原有图式的改变，都意味着一个人认知能力的提高,阅读机经与备考,阅读机经的用法：阅读尽可能多的机经，获取相关信息，上网查找相关文章Examples:schooling bu
18、llying,butterfly farming,Japanese pagoda,Speaking,Time:11 14 minutes Face to face interview between one candidate and one examiner.Part 1(4-5mins):Introduction and interview Part 2(1-3 mins incl.prep):Individual talk Part 3(4-5 mins):Discussion topics,EXAMPLE PART ONE,Lets talk about your home town
19、or village.What kind of place is it?Whats the most interesting part of your town/village?What kind of jobs do the people in your town/village do?Would you say its a good place to live?(Why?)Lets move on to talk about accommodation.Tell me about the kind of accommodation you live in?How long have you
20、 lived there?What do you like about living there?What sort of accommodation would you most like to live in?,EXAMPLE PART TWO,Candidate Task Card Describe something you own which is very important to you.You should say:where you got it from how long you have had it what you use it for and explain why
21、 it is important to you.You will have to talk about the topic for 1 to 2 minutes.You have one minute to think about what youre going to say.You can make some notes to help you if you wish.Rounding off questions Is it valuable in terms of money?Would it be easy to replace?,EXAMPLE PART THREE,Lets con
22、sider first of all how peoples values have changed.What kind of things give status to people in your country?Have things changed since your parents time?Finally lets talk about the role of advertising.Do you think advertising influences what people buy?,Speaking is assessed on,Fluency and coherence:
23、Speak fluently and link ideas coherently e.g.listing supporting ideasLexical resource:Demonstrate a range of appropriate vocabulary e.g.noun to verb,verb to adjective,adjective to adverb synonyms,antonyms etc.Grammatical range and accuracy:Use accurate grammar and appropriate register e.g.clause to
24、preposition phrase,then to nominal independentPronunciation:Speak so that a listener can understand e.g.Emphasis and reduction can express your real meaning.,stress,The noisy car/has been parked/in the garAGE.Many people/often read/the business section/of the NEWSpaper.(business section and newspape
25、r are compound nouns.)When they are said more rapidly,there will be fewer pauses and less stress on the content words.The noisy car has been parked in the garAGE.Many people often read the business section of the NEWSpaper.The more slowly you speak,and the more pauses you use,the easier it is to und
26、erstand you and to hear the important elements of your sentences.,Speaking strategies,Part 1 Take the initiative if possible Always say more than yes or no Try to overcome nerves Part 2-Take the 1 min preparation time-Jot down some main ideas-Sound interested in the talk,Part 3,-Give informed respon
27、ses-Demonstrate your control of the language-Attempt to express abstract ideas-Support your opinions-Show that you are willing to provide extended replies,IELTS Writing,Writing is assessed onTask Response Coherence and Cohesion Lexical Resource Grammatical Range and Accuracy,Layout of academic essay
28、s,introduction,Main body,conclusion,Paragraph two,Paragraph one,Paragraph three,Introduction,Important:gives first impressionA few sentences.Introduce the topic.Preface the main points.Define what you understand by the taskShow how you intend to approach the task.,How to write introduction,Three sen
29、tences approachThink generalYour understanding of the questionYour thesis statement and your scope,Main body,Topic sentence:topic+controlling ideaSupporting 1Supporting 2Supporting 3,Supporting techniques for paragraph developing,ExemplificationCompare and contrastCause and effectProblem and solutio
30、nMaking concessionsGiving opposing arguments,The Conclusion,Important:opportunity to leave a good impression.A few sentences.Summarises your key ideas and your main ideas.If appropriate,a final decision,statement,or recommendation.,How to write conclusion,three sentence approachSummarize your main p
31、ointsRestate your main ideaIf appropriate,a final decision,statement,or recommendation,词汇学习策略Vocabulary Learning Strategies1.英语构词法词根词缀记忆法2.建立多义词各词义之间的联系 3.分场景记忆(information bubble)4.上下义记忆法（diagram completion）,1.英语构词法词根词缀记忆法,InsurmountableRoot-mount:mountainMount EverestMount Alps,培养分解单词的意识,Affixes:i
32、n-notsur-aboveable-that can be done,拆分单词，推测词义,Paramount?借助已有知识，推测词义ParagraphParallelPara equal,similar,More Examples,AutobiographyAntibioticsMediterraneanSubterranean,区别形近词，扩大词汇量,InspectRespectAspectSuspectProspectRetrospectIntrospect,PerspectiveCircumspectSpectatorSpectaclesSpectacular,添加词缀认知新词Suff
33、ix:-let,et,ette=small,BookletLeafletPigletCabinet KitchenetteLaunderetteBlood platelet,Small=lingDucklingInklingDumpling,2.建立多义词各词义之间的联系,board:n.1.a piece of timber 2.a piece of timber for a particular use(chess board,notice board)3.council(board of directors)4.daily meals esp.when furnished for pay
34、 v.to get on(a plane,ship),掌握最基本含义，建立其它各义项与基本含义之间的联系,Wood board Wood table mealWood table people sitting at a tableWood deck get on ship,get on plane,More Examples,CraneMushroomPupil,3.分场景记忆(information bubble),见下图,Airport,taking offlanding departure,tourist cabin economy cabin first-class cabin win
35、dow seat aisle seat,Bad weatherHeavy fogSnow,PlaneAirlinerflight,Aircrew passenger,domestic internationalintercontinental,hostess stewardesspilotco-pilot,TicketAir fareinsurance,LuggageHand luggage,DelayAir crash,Customs houseCustoms duties,declare,4.上下义记忆法 Diagram Completion,见以下两图,三、工具书选择,词汇的记忆过程是大脑进行思维的过程，只有使用有效的方法才能提高效率。因此建议使用英英词典，词源词典，词根词典，配合听说读写记忆词汇。朗文当代英语词典 ldoce online韦氏大学词典朗文常用英文词根词典,
