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1、1,Chapter One：Standard Written English,Punctuation Abuse标点错误Confusion of Words用词混淆Problems of Collocation搭配错误Omission of Words漏词Wordiness累赘Disagreement不一致Non-Parallelism不平衡Misplaced Parts错位Dangling Modifiers垂悬Ambituiy模糊,2,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,中国人可以这样说：“打了一小时篮球，胳膊都酸了。”英文却不能说：Having played basketball
2、 for an hour,my arms began to ache.这样给人的感觉好像打篮球的行为者只是你的胳膊，而不是你这个人。这种错误叫做dangling modifier,分词短语找不到行为者，只好“晃来晃去”（dangling）.,3,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬：练习题,指出有垂悬错误的句子判断哪些分词不是垂悬错误批改文章,4,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：After we had shouldered our knapsacks,the hike began.Shouldering o
3、ur knapsacks,the hike began.Shouldering our knapsacks,we began the hike.,5,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：On arriving at the river,the current was frightening.On arriving at the river,the current frightened us.When we arrived at the river,the current frightened us.,6,Danglin
4、g Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：If one is to hike well,endurance is needed.To hike well,one needs endurance.To hike well,endurance is needed.,7,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：When only a baby,she was taught to swim by her father.When she was only a baby,her
5、father taught her to swim.At the age of six months,the father taught her to swim.,8,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：Going through the red light,the traffic police on duty stopped him.Going through the red light,he was stopped by the traffic police on duty.The traffic police o
6、n duty stopped him as he went through the red light.,9,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：After three hours of practice,a drink was what the thirsty dancers wanted.Having practiced for three hours,the thirsty dancers wanted a drink.A drink was what the thirsty dancers wanted aft
7、er they had practiced for three hours.,10,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：While visiting the Jungle Park,I saw a baboon scrambled onto the hood of my car.While visiting the Jungle Park,a baboon scrambled onto the hood of my car.While I was visiting the Jungle Park,a baboon sc
8、rambled onto the hood of my car.,11,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：Once out of the practice room,the piping music no longer gave him a headache.Staying in the practice room,he had a headache because of the piping music.One he go out of the practice room,the piping music no l
9、onger gave him a headache.,12,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：After four weeks at sea,I became homesick as well as seasick.After four weeks at sea,my wife was happy to see my back.After four weeks at sea,I was affectionately received by my wife.,13,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,下面每一组
10、里都有三句话，其中一句话有垂悬错误，请你把这些病句指出来：The car paid for with my last dollar,I was at least out of debt.Paid for with my dollar,the car became my first piece of person property.Paid for with my last dollar,I drove the car away elated.,14,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,从以上练习可以看出，垂悬错误主要发生在做状语的分词短语上。但是，英语有一些分词可以用作介词或构成固定短
11、语，那么这些分词组成的状语不能视为垂悬错误。请你找一下下面哪些句子中的分词不是垂悬错误，哪些句子有垂悬错误，并加以纠正：提示：正确的句子我不再做任何标记，错误的句子会有字体上的变化，并加以改正。,15,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,Judging from what you say,he ought to succeed.Judging by his accent,he must be a southerner.Examining the shopping receipts,it became obvious that I was overcharged at the store
12、.Revised:After I examined the shopping receipts,it became obvious that I was overcharged at the store.,16,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,Regarding the project,people put forward a lot of suggestions.Finding nobody waiting at the stop,the bus drove on without stopping.Revised:Finding nobody waiting at the sto
13、p,the driver drove the bus on without stopping,17,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,6.Considering the weather,the football game was cancelled.7.He wrote to me concerning a business affair.8.Approaching the lake,an amazing sight came into view.Revised:As we approached the lake,an amazing sight came into the view
14、ing.,18,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬,9.They move into the next class,according as they pass or fail the examination.10.Putting it mildly,he is not conscientious enough.从上面的练习可以看出，诸如considering,judging,concerning之类的分词在英语中用作介词或固定短语，这些分词组成的状语不能视为悬垂错误，阅读时要注意判断。,19,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬下面这篇文章中，垂悬错误比比皆是，请你仔细批改一下
15、：,The mist was thickening as darkness fell.Being only a five-minute walk to the village,there was no reason to feel afraid.She picked up her shopping basket and left the house.Having walked only a few yards,the mist swallowed her up.So,feeling her way along the fence,a twig lashed her face.,20,Dangl
16、ing Modifiers 垂悬下面这篇文章中，垂悬错误比比皆是，请你仔细批改一下：,Then she heard heavy footsteps moving behind her.She stopped and they stopped.Hurrying forward,they pursued.She found herself in a suffocating world seized with a feeling of helplessness and blindness.,21,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬改正过的短文,The mist was thickening
17、as darkness fell.As it was only a five-minute walk to the village,there was no reason to feel afraid.She picked up her shopping basket and left the house.Having walked only a few yards,the mist swallowed her up.So,while she was feeling her way along the fence,a twig lashed her face.,22,Dangling Modi
18、fiers 垂悬改正过的短文,Then she heard heavy footsteps moving behind her.She stopped and they stopped.She hurried forward and they pursued.Seized with a feeling of helplessness and blindness,she found herself in a suffocating world.(顺序变化，紧跟所修饰的成分。),23,Homework：,作业要求书面作业，写在作业本上交上。把原题抄上，直接在原题上改正即可。提示：所列病句前面讲义中
19、都有提及，注意复习。,24,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬下面这篇文章中，垂悬错误比比皆是，请你仔细批改一下：,The mist was thickening as darkness fell.Being only a five-minute walk to the village,there was no reason to feel afraid.She picked up her shopping basket and left the house.Having walked only a few yards,the mist swallowed her up.So,feel
20、ing her way along the fence,a twig lashed her face.,25,Dangling Modifiers 垂悬下面这篇文章中，垂悬错误比比皆是，请你仔细批改一下：,Then she heard heavy footsteps moving behind her.She stopped and they stopped.Hurrying forward,they pursued.She found herself in a suffocating world seized with a feeling of helplessness and blindness.,
