小学英语语法全套.ppt

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1、小学英语语法总复习(三至六年级),一.名词复数规则 二.一般现在时:一般现在时的构成和变化 三.动词 s的变化规则四.现在进行时五.动词加ing的变化规则六.一般将来时七.一般过去时八.动词过去式变化规则九.形容词和副词的比较级十.形容词加er的规则十一.There be 句型与have,has的区别十二.人称代词和物主代词,1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为

2、i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries,名词复数规则,4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives leafleaves 5不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,child-children;foot-feet;tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,写出下列各词的复数 I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ child _photo _

3、diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ you _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_,一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。,一般现在时,一般现在时的构成1.be动词:主语 be(a

4、m,is,are)其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语 行为动词(其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词 后加“-s”或“-es”如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。,一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句:主语 be not 其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

5、,讲义共享,2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语 dont(doesnt)动词原形(其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数,用doesnt构成否定句 如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do(Does)主语 动词原形 其它。如-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数,要用does构成一般疑问句 如-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.,动词 s的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-

6、cooks,milk-milks 2以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes 3以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如study-studies,一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV

7、 on Monday.,4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?6._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?7.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.8.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.,三、按照要求改写句子1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2.I do my homework every day.(改为一

8、般疑问句,作否定回答)_3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)_4.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_,改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1.Isyour brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._,现在进行时,1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,

9、也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?,动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing如:run-running,

10、stop-stopping,现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:run_ swim _make_ begin_ go_ like_ write_ shop _have _ sing_dance _put_ see_ love_ live_ take_come _get _ stop_ sit _,用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice foodnow.4.What _ you _(do)n

11、ow?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.,句型转换:1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_,一般将来时,一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及 打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to do;will do.,

12、一般将来时,否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend,五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的

13、对划线部分有三种情况。1、问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.2、问干什么。What do.例如:My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3、问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to=

14、willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.,练习:填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮What _ _ _ _ _next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.,3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,

15、she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Today is a sunny day.We _(have)a picnic this afternoon.2.My brother _(go)to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _(go)to school by bike.,用所给词的适当形式填空。4.What do you usually do at w

16、eekends?I usually _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?5.Its Friday today.What _she _(do)this weekend?She _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects.,一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或 存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过去时中变为was(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句

17、子 否定句:didnt 动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday.,动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work-worked,2结尾是e加d,如:live-lived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed 如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母 y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied,5不规则动词过去式:am、is-was,are-were,do-did see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got go-went,come-came,have-had

18、,eat-ate take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat,用动词的适当形式填空It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday.We all _(have)a good time last night.3.He _(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen _(milk)a cow on Friday.,用动词的适当形式填空5.She likes _ newspapers

19、,but she _a book yesterday.(read)6._ they _(sweep)the floor on Sunday?No,they _.7.I _(watch)a cartoon on Monday.,形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。,形容词加er的规则:一般在词尾加er;以字母e 结尾,加r;以元音字母和辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er;以“辅音

20、字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 不规则形容词比较级:good-better,beautiful-more beautiful。,二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better,far-farther,写出下列形容词或副词的比较级short_ strong_ big_ small_fat_ thin_heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ low_high_ s

21、low_fast_late_early_ far_ well_,根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.,5._Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?Yes,she _.6.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other girls.7.My eyes are _

22、(big)than _(she).8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?9._the girls get up _(early)than the boys?No,they_.,翻译句子:1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。_ is _than Jim?_ are2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like _.All my_ _than me.3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。_pencil is _,_or_?_is,I think.,翻译句子:4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_ _ _than my _.5.多做运动,你会更强壮。_ more exe

23、rcise,youll _soon.,There be 句型与have,has的区别1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某人/物2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is;主语是复数,be 动词用are;如有几件物品,be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。,There be 句型与have,has的区别3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not,一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has)的区别:there be表示在某地有某人/物;have(has)表示某人拥有某物。,5、some 和any 在there be 句型中

24、的运用some 用于肯定,any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。,7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语?How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:Whats+介词短语,Fill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”I _ a good father and a good mother.2._a telescope on the d

25、esk.3.He_ a tape-recorder.4._a basketball in the playground.5.She_ some dresses.,人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than 之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词。,人称代词和物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 I me my mine you you your yours he him his his she her her hers it it its i

26、ts we us our ours they them their theirs,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.That is not _kite.That kite is very small,but _is very big.(I)2.The dress is _.Give it to _(she)3._is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are_(he)4.I can find my toy,but wheres _?(you)5.Show _ your kite,OK?(they),用am,is,are填空。1.That _ my red skirt.2.Who _ I?3.The jeans _ on the desk.4.The black gloves _for Su Yang.5.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.6.The two cups of milk _ for me.7.Some tea _ in the glass.,

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