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1、高考英语复习专题,强调句型,It is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。,此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语、表语和状语。,一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that/who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“It is(was).that”去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分.,Is it _ who wants to see you?A.him B.he C.his D.himself,It was _ who respected all their teachers.A.them B.their C.they D.themselves,C,-What is Ma
2、ry?-Was it _that you were referred to?A.he B.she C.her D.they,C,强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式,B,It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was B.are C.were D.had been,A,It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.A.must have B.will be C.might have been D.may have had,C,注
3、意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性,二、强调部分为疑问词时：,_ electricity plays an important part in our daily life?A.Why was it that B.Why is it that C.Why is it D.Why it is that,B,Who was it _ wanted to see me just now?A.that B.who C.when D.when,A,_ you met the foreigner from Canada?A.Where it was that B.Who it was that C.Wh
4、ere was it that D.Where was that,C,强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词+一般疑问句”,三、强调部分为 not.until 句型：,It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrived home.A.which B.when C.that D.how,C,It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A.which B.when C.that D.since,C,It was not _
5、 she took off her dark glasses _I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then,B,注意 not.until 句型的变化。比较下列三个句子：,She didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.,It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointm
6、ent with the doctor.,Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.,四、强调部分为介词短语：,It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob.A.who B.whom C.how D.that,D,It was on October 1st 1949 _ new China was founded.A.which B.when C.as D.that,D,Was it in this palace _ the last e
7、mperor died?A.that B.in which C.in where D.which,A,It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class.A.that B.which C.where D.why,C,强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别,It was _he said_disappointed me.whatthat B.thatthat C.Whatwhat D.thatwhat,It_Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterd
8、ay.was B.were C.are D.had been,A,A,It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dhow,C,It is because he is too young _he does not understand it.as B.so C.that D.what,C,_ in this room that our first meeting was held.Just when B.When C.
9、Where D.It was,D,It was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.A.that B.where C.when D.which,A,It was not until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.A.then B.which C that D.when,C,_ computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it is that BWhy is it tha
10、tCWhy was it that DWhy is it,B,It was not _she took off her glasses_I realized she was a famous film star.A.when,that B.until,that C.until,then D.when,then,B,Was it during the Second World War_ he died?that B.while C.in which D.then,A,_ he came back home that we knew what had happened.A.When it was
11、B.It was when C.Was it when D.When was it,B,It was the training _ he had as a young man _made him such a good engineer.A.what;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which:that,D,Do you have my dictionary,Mr.Yang?,Yes,I have_ right here.,A.one B.this C.it D.that,C,Why dont we take a little break?,Didnt we j
12、ust have_.,A.it B.that C.one D.this,C,I hope there are enough glasses for each guests to have_.,A.it B.those C.them D.one,D,_used to be thought that the was flat.,A.He B.What C.It D.That,C,I found_possible for_to work out the maths problem.,A.it;he B.that;he C.that;him D.it;him,D,Does_matter if he c
13、ant finish the job on time?,A.this B.that C.he D.it,D,“Who is knocking at the door?”“_.”A.Im Mary.B.She is me,Mary C.Hes me D.Its me,Mary,D,She thought_a great honour to be invited to speak to us.A.that B.this C.it D.it is,C,_is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.Th
14、ere B.This C.That D.It,C,I hate_when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them,A,Is_necessary to complete the design before National Day?A.this B.that C.it D.he,C,It took us over an hour along the street.A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked,B,Many people now make a rule to buy car
15、ds for their friends before Christmas.A.themselves B.itC.thatD.this,B,is very clear to everyone that hes round and tall like a tree.A.This B.What C.That D.It,D,Someone is at the door,who is?A.this B.that C.it D.he,C,Has the boy got his bicycle now?Yes,the police gave.A.him to him B.it to it C.it to
16、him D.him to it,C,强调划线部分,1.Mary gave me the new book.,It was Mary who(that)gave me the new book.,2.We went to the Great Wall the day before yesterday.,It was the day before yesterday that we went to the Great Wall.,3.I want you to help me with my English.,It is my English that I want you to help me
17、with.,4.The days begin to get longer in February.,It is in February that the days begin to get longer.,5.We held a League meeting in the classroom.,It was a League meeting that we held in the classroom.,改为强调结构,1.The meeting will not begin until everyone is seated.,It is not until everyone is seated
18、that the meeting will begin.,Why is it that he came late for the meeting?,2.Why did he come late for the meeting?,3.How did you find his house?,How was it that you found his house?,4.Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championships take place?,Where was it that the 44th World Table Tennis Champio
19、nships took place?,It is+被强调部分+that.该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。,It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father.,It is not until+被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间
20、状语，译成汉语“直到才，可以说是 not.until.的强调形式。,It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized shewas a famous film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was=I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off,It is clear(obvious,true,possible,certain.)that.该句型中
21、it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚(显然,真的,肯定)”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.=That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.,强调句型考点,句型结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，that/who这一框架结构。其变化形式归纳如下：,
22、强调句型的一般疑问句形式。一.句式特征：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that；1（1994 上海）Was it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing on the moon?A.when;on B.that;on C.when;in D.that;in简析：比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。2Could it be in the rest
23、aurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbag?A.that;which B.which;that C.where;that D.that;where这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。,二、结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？3_ is it _has made Peter _he is today?A.What
24、;that;that B.That;that;whatC.What;what;that D.What;that;what简析：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.对划线部分提问What is it that has made Peter what he is today?对照原题，则答案为D。依此为据扩展开来可为：4How is it that she turned down our help?什么原因使得？5Where was it that you met Tom yes
25、terday?究竟在哪？6When was it that you met him in the park?究竟何时？7When and where was it that you got to know Mary?究竟在何时何地？8Who was it that that came up with the bright idea?究竟是谁？9Which book is it that you want to buy?究竟是哪一本书？10Whose umbrella was it that you took away?到底是谁的伞？,三、强调句型的反意疑问句形式句式特征为：It is/was+
26、被强调部分+that，isnt/wasnt it？11It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital,_?A.do they B.didnt they C.wasnt it D.was it简析：答案C.此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。,四、强调句型的感叹句形式。句式特征为：what/how it is(that)+主语+谓语！12What a beautiful picture it is(that)you
27、have drawn!13How beautiful it is(that)your daughter is!五、强调句型的“让步含义”。句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。14It is a wise father that knows his own child.再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）15It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.再聪明的人也会犯错误。,六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather than，not but等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要
28、注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。句式特征为：It is/was notbutthat;不是而是（that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致）It is/was not that;或者：It is/wasthat not;是而不是（that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致）It is/was rather than that;是而不是(that后的动词应与rather than前的名词或代词保持一致),16It is not help but obstacles that make a man.简析：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles
29、和make形成主谓一致关系。17Personally I think it is the sales manager,rather than the sales girls,_ to blame.A.is B.that is C.are D.who are简析：此句被强调部分中的the sales manager，通过rather than与the sales girls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。18(NMET 2000,24)It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what
30、you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it简析：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分the ability to do the job 与 not where you come from or what you are形成比较结构，the ability to do the job与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters.但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。,19It is the prevent
31、ion of disease rather than its successful treatment that has led to the rapid increase of the worlds population.简析：本句中被强调部分为对比结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。”当然has led to的主语应是the prevention of disease。七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。句式特征:It may be+被强调部分+that It must have been+被强调部分+that Would/Could it b
32、e+被强调部分+that?20It might have been John _bought a new book for Mary yesterday.A.what B.since C.that D.then 该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：21It may be next week that she leaves for Tokyo.,八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。句式特征为:整个强调句型用作名词性从句;或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。22 Ive already forgotten _you put the dictionary.A.t
33、hat it was there B.where was it thatC.that where it was D.where it was that简析：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步，复原It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.第二步，对划线部分提问Where was it that you put the dictionary?第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：Ive already forgotten where it was that you
34、put the dictionary.与原题对比，答案应为D。,再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：23It was at the very beginning _Mr.Fox made the decision _ we should send more firefighters there.A.when;which B.where;what C.then;so D.that;that简析：本题答案为D。第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。句式特征为:在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一
35、个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。,24 It was in the small house _was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood.A.which;that B.that;where C.which;which D.that;which简析：本题含义为“是在这间小房子里他度过了童年”，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that,故答案选
36、A。再如：25 It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.简析：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。,26Is _three hours _the boy _family is poor to come to school on foot?A.it;that;whose
37、 B.it;that it takes;whoseC.it for;that it takes;whose D.it;when;that;简析：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb some time to do sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come t
38、o school on foot.第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经对比可知答案应为B。,十、强调句型和（not）until句型的结合。句式特征为:It is/was until+被强调部分+that+延续动词It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+短暂动词如：用强调句型对I didnt leave until it got dark.中的划
39、线部分进行强调，则变成：27 It was not until he came back that I knew the result.简析：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。28 It was until last year that he _.A.left school for a new startB.came to realize the importance of learning EnglishC.worked as an English teacher at a middle schoolD.set out to build
40、 a new house of his own简析：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。,十一、强调句型的省略形式。句式特征为:在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。29Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A.It is B.They are C.That is D.There are简析：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so much noise in
41、 the garden.。答案为A。30He was nearly drowned once.When was _?_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.(NMET 2002北京春季，30)A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This简析：在第三句话中when he was in middle school.为定语从句，修饰1998，其后省去了that he was nearly drowned once.此题如把关系副词when 也挖空，则很容易误选that。,十二、强调句型的形近句型。(1)It be
42、+被强调部分+that+是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：31It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions.本句去掉it，be，that后可转化成：Probably due to these skills they have been offered a wide variety of positions.(2)It+be+adj./n./过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的
43、主语从句。如：32 It is important that he(should)learn English well.33 It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.34 It is suggested that he leave his office right now.,(3)“It be+时间段+since”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：35 It is two months since he fell ill.他病了两个
44、月了。36 It is two months since he was ill.他病好已经两个月了。（4）It be+时间段+before句型 表示“多久后某事发生”。37 It was a long time before they met again.很长时间后他们才见面。38 It was not long before he came back.时间过不久他们就回来了。（5）“It bewhen”句型 表示“某事发生时正是时候”39 It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.试比较强调句型句：40 It was in 1949 that the PRC
45、was founded.(去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子),It的用法与强调句,Try to find the best answer to the followings:,I like_ in the autumn when the Weather is clear and bright.(2004全国卷 I）()A.this B.that C.it D.one,-Do you like _ here?-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice.(2004全国卷 II)()A.this B
46、.these C.that D.it,C,D,在高考单项填空的选项中，it 是出现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对 it 的用法进行分类解析：,一、代词it1.用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，（有时不特指某件事物，而代表前面已提 到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈 话双方都明白的情况，如前面第2题）,Toms ill.Have you heard about it?It happened during the Long March.I cant stand it any longer!If its convenient I can see you tomorrow.,2.用作指示代词，（起
47、着this 或that 的作用）指一个人或一件事情。,-what is this?-Its a telephone.-whos on the telephone?-Its Lily.,3.指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。,It is cold today,isnt it?It is about an hours ride to the park.,二、引导词itIt 常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语 从句。,It is easy to buy a new radio.It is no use telling him that.It is stran
48、ge that nobody knows her.,提示：it 作形式主语，that从句作真正主语，常见的句型有：,It be+形容词（obvious,natural,surpri-sing,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that 从句,b.It be+名词词组（no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that 从句,c.It be+过去分词（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announ
49、ced,arranged,etc.)+that 从句,The foreign Minister said,“_ our hopeThat the two sides will work towards peace.”(2004，北京卷）（）This is B.There is C.That is D.It is,Have a try!,D,注意 it 对关系代词的干扰,_ is known to everybody,the moon travelsRound the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)()A.It B.As C.That D.What,试比较：
50、It is known to everybody that the moon,Carol said the work would be done by Octo-ber,_ personally I doubt very much.(NMET,1999)()A.it B.that C.when D.which,B,D,2.It 作形式宾语，真正宾语放在宾语补足语 后面，真正宾语通常为不定式，动名词，宾语从句。,He felt it his duty to help others.They thought it no good doing that.,I hate _ when people t
