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1、1 My fathers government job demanded that he go overseas every few years,so I was used to wrenching myself away from friends.(para1)demanded that he go：(not“went or“goes”)subjunctive mood every few years：used for showing how often sth happens，esp.when there is a regular time between them(每隔几年)wrench
2、 yourself away from：to twist and pull yourself away(or free)from,2Loving nature，however，I Was most delighted by the endless patchwork of farms and woodland that surrounded our house(para2)loving nature，however：however，asbecause1 loved naturea patchwork of farms(fields)：farms that look like small pie
3、ces of cloth of different colors when seen from far abovewoodland：a piece of land covered with trees,3 In the deep woods that verged against our back fence，a network of paths almost everywhere，and pheasants rocketed off into the dense laurels as youwalked(para2)to verge against：to be close to；to be
4、at the edge or border of(This is a rare expression。,Notice how the preposition against is used to mean next to”,“touching or hitting thesurface of”，e.g.A heavy rain was pattering against the windows He stood his stick against the wall The policeman was leaning against the doora net work of：a system
5、of lines，wires，roads，etc.that cross each other and are connected toeach other(一种网络),4 I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone,playing Robin Hood(para3)to roam the woods(fields，streets，hills，etc.):idiomatic use of“roam”，as a transitive wordNormally it is used as an intransitive ver
6、b as in“roam about,or roam around”“To roam”means to walk or travel and usuwithout any clear purpose,5 Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that l would only have to abandon the next time we moved(para3)l did not try to make many friends because in that way I did not have to give u
7、p my friendship the next time I had to move to keep to oneselfto live a very quiet and private life and not do many things involving other people,6through no design of my own(para3)not that I intended to do itnot that I planned it that wayjust by chance,7to roam about his immense property(para4)prop
8、erty：land，buildings，or both together(房地产，庄园),8I started hiking there every weekend，up a long，sloping hill to an almost impenetrable stand of trees called Bear Wood(para4)an almost impenetrable stand of trees：trees growing so thick that they are impossible to go through or enter into stand：a group of
9、 trees growing in a given area,9.with tree trunks for pillars：with tree trunks serving or functioning as pillars Draw students attention to the word“for”here More examples：With his torn shirt for paper and his bleeding finger for a pen，he wrote his last letter She just had a banana for breakfast Wit
10、h the green banana for glue，he fixed the radiator,1 0My own breathing rang in my ears，and the slightest stirring of any woodland creature echoed through this private paradise(para4)I could even hear my own breathing，and even the lightest movement of any bird or animal in the wood could be heard thro
11、ughout this paradise,1 1I proceeded quietly,careful not to alarm a bird that might loudly warn other creatures to hide.(para.5)I moved on quietly creature：anything that is living(but not a plant)，usu.with a particular quality as in the following:all living creatures；a charming creature；a terrible cr
12、eature；a strange creature,1 2Perhaps this is why the frail old lady I nearly ran into was as startled as I was(para6)frail：thin and weak，espbecause you have become old,13 Then,recovering quickly,she gave a welcoming smile that instantly put me at ease.(para.6)to put sb at ease：to make sb feel relaxe
13、dMore examples of“at ease”：He always feels ill at ease in front of strangers The professor must be quite popularThe students all look at ease in his presenceAlso：to make sb at ease；to set sb at ease,1 4A pair of powerful-looking binoculars dangled from her neck(para6)powerful：Here it means“高倍的(望远镜)”
14、Notice the difference between binoculars and telescope or looking-glassBinoculars have two glasses(双筒望远镜)，and the word is made by putting together bi-,which means“two”and ocular”which means sth related to eyes,1 5.Yes,theyre wary,she said.But then,gamekeepers have been shooting them ever since they
15、got here.Theyre introduced，you know,not native.(para1 1)wary：careful，cautious，watchful，suspiciousalert gamekeeper：sb whose job is to look after birds and animals that are kept to be hunted on private landNotice the use of the word game”to refer to the animals，birds，and fish at are hunted for food or
16、 as a sport to be introduced：to be brought into this place from somewhere else for the first time,16Anybody who knew this sort of stuff was definitely cool-even if she was trespassing in my special place(para.12),cool：This informal word is hard to define nowadaysIt is loosely used to mean attractive
17、fashionable，relaxed，etc，in a way people，espyoung people admire,17Would you care to join me?(para13)This is considered polite but formal，and is used to ask if sb wants to do sth,1 8I had been warned against going off with strangers(para1 4)Review the usual patterns in which the word warn”is used：to w
18、arn that；to warn sb not to do sth；to warn sb against sth，etc I,1 9extending her fine hand(para1 5)offering to shake hands with the boy“Fine”here means small and attractively shaped，looking rather delicateRemember the woman is old and weak,die,decease,expire,perish,pass away这些动词或短语动词均有“死，死亡”之意。die：最普
19、通用词，指某人或某物失去生命而永远不存在。decease：正式用词，多指法律上的用语。expire：委婉用词。从本义从肺部吐出气来引申为吐出最后一口气，断气而死。perish：书面用词，多指夭折或不幸暴亡。Passaway is a euphemism for die.“去世”是“死”的委婉语。,20to walk the fields(para1 7)Notice that the word“walk”is usu.used as intransitive verb except in some idiomatic expressions.“To walk the fields”is one
20、 of them,which means to go over or along on foot Other common expressions in which“walk”is used as a transitive verb：When people walk their dog,1 wonder whether they ever realize that the dog would be much happier completely free in nature than just being allowed a little walk every day There are no
21、 more buses at this hour.Lets walk it Its dark outsideI11 walk you home Compare this with the use of the word“roam”in 5,21Soon l saw a small brick cottage that glowed pinkly in the westering sun(para1 8)Soon I saw a small brick cottage shining with a pink color in the sun that was moving toward the
22、west,gaze,glare,stare,peer,glance这些动词都有“看，瞧”之意。gaze：指出于羡慕、感兴趣、关心或惊异而长时间目不转睛地看。glare：指用愤恨、凶狠或含敌意的眼光死死看着某人。stare：侧重因惊奇、好奇、粗鲁无礼等而睁大眼睛看。peer：指眯着眼睛仔细地或略为吃力地看。glance：指匆匆地或粗略地一看，侧重心不在焉地、匆忙地看一眼。,22Glass-fronted cases containing figures of ivory and carved stone(para.18)Check students to make sure that they
23、know the meanings of case and figure”in this context,23I had made the best friend in the world(para23)Notice that in the usual phrase“to made friends with”“friend”is always in the plural，e.g I dont think its difficult to make friends with people who do not belong to your age group Parents must try t
24、o make friends with their own childrenThey cant take their love and respect for granted It is wrong to say“I want to make friends(or make a friend)with him”We normally say“I want him to be my friend or l want to have him as my friend”,24and my well of knowledge about natural history began to brim ov
25、erAt school，I earned the nickname“Prof”(para24)Notice the figurative use of the word“well”and the exaggeration of having knowledge“brimming over”to brim over：to have so much of sth that it begins to flow over the edge of the containerIt is used in the patterns：,Something is brimming over Somebody is
26、 brimming over with something(love,confidence,knowledge,etc)Two other expressions are similar in meaning：to overflow with to burst with,25Familiarity sometimes makes people physically invisible，for you find yourseIf talking to the heart-to the essence,as it were,rather than to the face(para26)When p
27、eople get to know each other really well,sometimes they dont notice physical changes.The boy did not see that his friend,the old lady,was getting weaker and weaker because all the time he was talking to her heart，rather than to her face essence：the most important quality of sth；the thing that makes
28、sth what it is Notice that“to talk to sbs essence”is not a common expression，but the author cant think of a better word，thats why he says“as it were”,which is used to describe sth in a way that is not quite accurate.,26I eyed it as l went to the refrigerator(para28)to eye sth/sb：to observe or watch
29、narrowly,often in suspicion,jealousy,or in longing，e.g The policeman eyed me in suspicionI think he thought l was drunk He eyed me up and down，not knowing whether he should believe my story as：during the time when；while(一面一面),27My mother was regarding me with a strange gentleness(para2 9)My mother w
30、as looking at me with a strange gentleness because she wanted to break the sad news gently so that l would not take it too hard,28and I could tell she was having difficulty(para30)and I could see that she was having difficulty finding a suitable way to break the news,29thanks to her help(para35)than
31、ks to：because of Notice that this is sometimes used ironically：Now thanks to the rain,we11 have to put off our match Thanks to his brilliant leadership,our company is now bankrupt She failed again,all thanks to you I,Tutorn.1.a person who gives private instruction(as in singing or acting)synonym：coa
32、ch，private instructorVt.1.be a tutor to someone;give individual instruction;She tutored me in Spanish2.act as a guardian to someone,30It is a wisdom tutored by nature itself,about the seen and the unseen，about things that change and things that are changeless,and about the fact that no matter how se
33、emingly different two souls may be，they possess the potential for that most precious,rare thing-an enduring and rewarding friendship.(para.37)I learn a lot of knowledge,taught by nature itself,about the things I can seethe birds,insects,trees,and flowers,and the things I cannot see-ideas,scientific laws and principles.I also learn a lot about the things that change,including life itself,as well as the things that are changeless like friendship,love,and many basic values,
