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1、Present Perfect Tense,小升初考点-现在完成时,Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时,主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）,现在完成时的结构,Winter has already come，,will it still be far in spring?,主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）,否定形式 havent(have not）+过去分词 hasnt(has not)+过去分词,疑问句 把助动词 have/has 放在句首,现在完成时的结构,注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has,You have planted all the trees
2、.I have planted all the trees.He/she has planted all the trees.They have planted all the trees.,区别have 和 has的用法,主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has,1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）,(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived,过去分词,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。，study-stud
3、ied-studied cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped drop-dropped-dropped,2、不规则变化,havehadhad am/is wasbeenarewerebeen dodiddone gowentgone seesawseen,Present perfect tense 现在完成时,构成:用法一：,表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.现在完成时,强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.,have/has+过去分词,1.两个句子都表
4、示过去发生的事；2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态,没有说明与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：,现在完成时:强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。一般过去时:仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。,他已学英语五年了。,He has studied English for fi
5、ve years.,他曾学过五年英语。,He studied English for five years.,（说明他还会继续学下去）,（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）,Ive lived here for ten years.我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿)I lived here for ten years.我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了)He has bought a house.他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子)He bought a house ten years ago.他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚),一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显
6、的时间状语。,遇到yesterday,Last year,in May,in+过去某一年，two days ago,the other day,just now等就用一般过去时(表过去的时间),当有 so far,in/during/over the past/last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时(不能与确定的时间),Put the following sentences into English.A:火车已经开走了.B:什么时候开走的?A:半个小时之前开走的.A:这本书我已经买了两年了.B:你在哪儿买的?A:在我老家买的.
7、A:你看过这部电影吗?B:看过.A:什么时候看的.B:上周星期天看的.,A:The train has left.,B:When did it leave.,A:It left half an hour ago.,A:have you seen the film?B:Yes,I have.A:When did you see it?B:I saw it last Sunday.,A:Ive had the book for two years.B:Where did you buy it?A:I bought it in my hometown.,现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用，常与之
8、连用的时间状语有：,before,by now(so far),once,twice,just,recently yet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,all ones life,in/during/over the past/last 5 years,（1）already,肯定句:“己经”,一般疑问句:句末(表示惊讶的语气)“难道”,Have you had breakfast already？(表示强调),Ive already had breakfast.(常见)=Ive had breakfast already.,注:有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在
9、完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg.Shes already eighty years old.It was already very late.,(2)yet,否定句:句末“还(没)”,疑问句:句末“己经”,Have you had breakfast yet?,I havent had breakfast yet.,注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。,I havent seen the film yet.,Mother has just cleaned the house.,Mother hasnt cleaned the house
10、yet.,I have already seen the film.,(3)ever,肯定句/疑问句:句中“曾经”,Ive ever been to Beijing.Have you ever been to Beijing?,(4)never,否定句:句中“从来没有”Ive never been to Beijing.,注:带ever的肯定句变否定句时,将ever变never,He has ever made meal.,Have they ever travelled by train?No,never.,He has never made meal.,带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可
11、用“No,never.”,(5)just,用于句中,表示“刚刚”Ive just had breakfast.What have they just done?,(6)before,用于句末,表示“以前”Ive seen it before.Has she ridden a bike before?,Exercises,1.I _(have)lunch already.2.Has the train_(arrive),yet?3.Tome _ never_(be to)China.4.The twin _just _(see)my father.5.The twins _(see)my fat
12、her just now.6.Many tall buildings _(build)in the past 5 years.,have had,arrived,has,been to,has,seen,saw,have been built,用法二：E.g.Kate has lived here for 3 years.Kate has lived here since 3 years ago.Kate has lived here since she came to China.,表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动词使用延续性动词。常与for或since
13、引导的时间连用,since:(自以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句（句中的谓语动词为过去式）ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.,since,for 的用法:,注意:对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用_,1.I have lived here for 10 years.,How long have
14、 you lived here?,2.She has stood here since 2 hours ago.,How long has she stood here?,how long,选用for和since填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandpa has
15、 been dead _ several years.,for,since,for,since,for,6.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.7.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.8.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.9.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.10.We havent used our car _ a long time.11.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _year
16、s.12.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.,注意,重点句型:It is/has been+段时间+since从句 段时间+has passed+since从句,eg.他死了两年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years/since two years ago It is/has been two years since he died.Two years has passed s
17、ince he died.,这本书我借了一个月了。,I borrowed this book a month ago.,It is/has been a month since I borrowed the book.,I have kept the book for a month./since a month ago.,A month has passed since I borrowed the book.,用法三：have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回）have gone to 去了某地（还没有回来）,A,B,A,B,巧记：been to，gone to 意不同，两者用法要记清
18、；have been to+地名，曾经到过某地行；have gone to+地点，到某地去了已走远。have been in+地点，在某地呆多久。,can you distinguish?,has gone to,have gone to,have been to,been to,been in,has been,have,has been,Have,用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,
19、I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.,has gone to,Have been to,have been to,have been,have been to,has gone to,has gone to,典型例题(1)-Do you know our town at
20、all?-No,this is the first time I _ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming(2)-Have you _ been to our town before?-No,its the first time I _ here.A.even,come B.even,have comeC.ever,come D.ever,have come,D,B,当堂检测一、句式变换：（5分,每空1分）1.Jack has visited China before.(改为否定句）Jack visited China before.2.They
21、have come into the classroom.(改为一般疑问句）come into the classroom?3.He has been here for 12 years.(划线提问）has he been here?,hasnt,Have they,How long,1、He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)have they been here?3、The old man _ last year.He _for a year.(die)（动词填空）,has he,How
22、 long,died,has been dead,Correcting,1.I have borrowed the book for 3 months.2.My bother has joined the army since he was 18.3.Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.4.The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.5.When has Mr.Li caught a bad cold?,have kept,has been in/been a member of th
23、e army,since 5 years ago/for 5 years,came,did,catch,6.Ten years have passed since they got married.7.Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.8.What time have the factory opened?9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice.,has,has been in,did,open,been to,Exercises,()1.Youve never seen such a wonderful
24、film before,_?A.havent you B.have you C.do you D.dont you()2.I have watched the game.When _ you _ it?A.have;watched B.do;watch C.did;watch D.will;watch,()3.Mr.Green _ in China since five years ago.A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is going to live()4.His grandma _ for two years.A.died B.has died C.was d
25、ead D.has been dead,B,C,B,D,()5.Where is Han Mei now?She _ to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.A.has gone B.has been C.goes D.had gone()6._ you _to the United Stated?No,never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA.Have;been B.Have;gone C.Did;go D.Do;go,()7.You havent changed your mind,_?A.do you
26、 B.are you C.have you D.did you,()8.How long have you _ the football team of the school?A.played B.been at C.joined D been on,A,A,C,D,()9.Where have you _ these days?I have _ to Kunming with my friends.A been,gone B been,been C gone,been D gone,gone()10.How long have you _ this book?A.bought B.borro
27、wed C.had D.lent()11.Excuse me,_ you seen the film yet?Yes,I _ it last night.A have,see B have,have seen C have,seen D have,saw()12.He has never ridden a horse before,_?A.is he B.isnt he C.hasnt he D.has he,B,C,D,D,1、Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.knew.have known.must kn
28、ow.will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai,has he?.already.never.ever.still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？.just.ago.before.a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year.is writing.was writing.wrote.has written,B,B,C,D,5、Our country _ a lot so far.Yes.I hope it will be even _.has change
29、d;well.changed;good.has changed;better.changed;better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.was;studying.will;study.has;studied.are;studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.know.had known.have known.knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_ it twice.will see.have seen.saw.see
30、,C,C,C,B,9、These farmers have been to the United States.Really?When _ there?.will they go.did they go.do they go.have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet?Yes.I _ it a moment ago.Did;do;finished.Have;done;finished.Have;done;have finished.will;do;finish 11、His father _ the Party since 1978.joined.h
31、as joined.was in.has been in 12、Do you know him well?Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago.were.have been.have become.have made,B,B,D,B,13、How long have you _ here?About two e.arrived 14、Hurry up!The play _for ten minutes.has begun.had begun.has been on.began 15、It _ ten years since he left the army
32、.is.has.will.was 16、Miss Green isnt in the office.she_ to the library.has gone.went.will go.has been,A,C,A,A,17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years.have been in.have been to.have gone to.have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom,?A.so they B.dont they C.have they D.havent they 19、has Mr W
33、hite been a member of Greener China since he to China?A.How soon,comes B.How often,got C.How long,came D.How far,arrived 20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A.has come here B.has started to work C.has lived there D.has left the university,A,D,C,C,A）用have(has)been 或have(has)gone 填空。A:Where _ Li Fei _?
34、B:He _ to Hainan Island.A:How long _ he _ there?B:He _ there for three days.A:When will he come back,do you know?B:Im afraid he wont come back recently.A:Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B:Sorry,I _ never _ there.A:How many times _Li Fei _to that place?B:He _ there only once.,has,gone,has
35、been,has,been,has been,have,been,has,been,has been,B)用have/has been to/in,have gone to的各种形式填空。1）-Where is Jack?-He _ his country.2）How long _ you _ this village?3）The Smiths _ Beijing for years.4）-_ you ever _ America?-Yes,I _ there many times.5）I _ this school since three years ago.,has been to,hav
36、e,been in,have been in,Have,been to,have been,have been in,汉译英,1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、他昨天收到一封信。3、我父亲以前到过长城。,Jim has finished doing his homework already.He is free now,He received a letter yesterday,My father has been to the Great Wall before,4、她还没有看过那部新电影。5、她去过上海。6、他这些天上哪儿去了？,She hasnt seen the new film
37、 yet.,She has been to Shanghai.,Where has he been these days？,Exercises,I am an American boy I came to China two years ago.I _(study)here for two years.My father often(take)me_(play)football on the playground.Last week I _(take)to the park by him.We saw a lot of monkeys(jump)in the tree.I heard a voice from behind When I(walk)along the river.I thought myself.“It must_(be)Mr.Brown.He _(take)photos.”We_(enjoy)that day.We _(go)back to America next week.,have studied,takes,to play,Was taken,waked,jump,be,is taking,enjoyed,will go,
