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1、如何写好英语作文,1简洁性（Conciseness）,1.1 尽可能把从句变成短语，把短语变成单词。如：When I pushed the door open,I saw a group of young people.Pushing the door open,I saw a group of young people.,1.2 避免不必要的重复，包括语义重复和同词重复。She is attractive in appearance,but she is a rather foolish person.She is attractive,but rather foolish.,2.多样性（V
2、ariety）,2.1 句式变化的多样性通过句子变换（transformation of sentence）,运用不同结构，选用不同句式来表达相同的内容，使表意手段更为多样化。,2.1.1 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式，如：We certainly should make great efforts.Great efforts are certainly required.,既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式，如：The lesson will be firmly rooted in our minds.We will never forget this lesson.,既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装
3、语序，如：One cant learn anything until he rids himself of complacency（自满）.Only when one rids himself of complacency can he learn something.,2.1.4 某些成分既可以放在句子前面也可以放在句子后面，还可以放在中间，如：With a car,people can get around freely.People can get around freely with a car.People,with a car,can get around freely.,22 句
4、子长度的多样性,长句子有利于复杂思想的表达，论证的严密，但不够活泼、简练。短句子生动、简洁，但容量小，不利于表达复杂的语义内容。最好长短句交换使用。,When she returned to her office,she found a note from Mr.May under the door.He said that he had been waiting for her in the park but didnt find her.He was sorry for that.,She returned to her office.She found a note It was fro
5、m Mr.May.It was under the door.He said he had been waiting for her in the park.He didnt find her.He was sorry for that.,3统一性（Unity）,一个句子不论长短，所表达的只能有一个中心明确且意思相对完整的内容。由于英语句子重形合，句法结构要完整，即一个句子必须有主语、谓语和其他必要的辅助成分，必须避免句子残缺不全。如：,3.1 The police helped him when his important documents were lost and he found t
6、hem several days later.句子的统一性原则要求句子只有一个明确的中心。此句有两个中心the police 和he,最好改为：He lost his important documents,but found them with the help of the police several days later.,3.2 For example,the increase in the cost of renting a house.此句只有名词短语而无谓语动词，结构不完整，不能作为一个独立的句子来看待。应改为：For example,the cost of renting a
7、 house has increased.,4.连贯性（Coherence）,4.1 Her voice was clear,deep and with resonance（洪亮）.Her voice was clear,deep and resonant（洪亮的）.并列结构必须是同类的结构并列。原句违反这一原则，破坏了句子成分的和谐和句式的优美对称,4.2 My mother is a musician;therefore I have also chosen it as my profession.My mother is a musician;therefore I have also
8、chosen music as my profession.代词起连接语篇的作用，它能体现句子之间的逻辑联系，上面句中it 指代不明，模棱两可。,4.3 After eating our lunch,the driver called us to the bus.After eating our lunch,we were called to the bus by the driver.此句非谓语动词的逻辑主语与主语不一致。这显然不是作者的原意，改正后的句子就清楚多了。,4.4 The basketball players were disappointed,caused by the sud
9、den change of weather.The basketball players were disappointed because the weather suddenly changed.此句caused引出的分词短语与前半句没有意义联系，导致短语失去修饰对象而呈游离或垂悬状态，从而破坏了整个句子的逻辑连贯性。,5强势性（Emphasis）,5.1 倒装法。把应强调的成分提至句首，使之突出。如：Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay.From outer space or from the depths of the oc
10、ean a computer can get information for scientists.,The inhabitants of the city were robbed,starved and killed.,5.2 渐进法。渐进法通常用来对某些并列的成分表示强调。运用渐进法，能使思想认识逐步加深，使语言工整优美，增强说服力和感染力。如：,The inhabitants of the city were robbed,starved and killed.,5.3 重复法。,如前所述，写作应力求简练，避免重复。但是在一些特殊情况下，往往需要对一些关键性的词有意识，有目的地加以重复，
11、以受到突出重点，加强语气的效果。如：,Darkness deepened and deepened,5.4 将松散句改作尾重句。从修辞学的角度看，松散句把句子的主题摆在面前，把其他的修饰成分摆在后面，平铺直叙，没有高峰点。而尾重句将一句话的主旨放在最后说出，给读者造成悬念，形成句式高峰。既达到强调重点，突出中心的目的，又增添节奏变化，避免句式单调。如：He knew he had little chance of getting the job although he wanted it.(松散句)Although he wanted the job,he knew he had little
12、 chance of getting it.(尾重句),5.5 使用强调性的词、短语和结构。如：Lei Feng is the very model of Chinese youth.If ever eyes could speak,the little girls did.,写作时还有一些其他注意事项,在表达相同的词意时，尽量用不同的词汇。,例1He argued that It is(generally)accepted thatHe claimed that It is often pointed out He maintained that It is taken far grante
13、d He insisted that,2Be interested in take an interest in have a liking for,3develop cultivate,4family car individual consumption household vehicle families with 4wheeled vehicles,多用四级词汇（大学词汇）少用中学词汇（例句中前者为大学词汇，后者为中学词汇）,例 1He failed to meet her yesterday.He didnt meet her yesterday.,2He is crazy.He is
14、 mad.3He is crazy about music.He likes music very much.4He excels in grammar.He is good at grammar.,用 meanwhile 代替 at the same time account for explain conquer control transform change challenge problem,英语写作-词的选择在表达不同意思时，可以使用相同词汇例：1Traffic in Beijing will move（进步）and that will move（感动）the whole world.,优秀范文四级考试作文范文.doc,
