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1、Passive Voice被动语态,英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。,被动语态结构：,主+be+过去分词(PP)+(by),在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。,Some people attacked the towers.S V O The towers were attacked by some people.S V,一 构成 主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。1.一般的现在时被动语态：am/is/are+及
2、物动词的过去分词，（be是助动词）e.g:English is spoken by many people.German isnt taught in our school.Is French studied in your school?,2.过去时的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词e.g:These new houses were built in 2000.My bike wasnt made in Shanghai.Was this kind of machine made in Shenzhen?注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的,3.情态动词的被语态：must/
3、can/may/should+be+动词的过去分词 e.g:The car mustnt be stopped here.Can this chair be taken out of the room?This job must be finished on time.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are done,was/were done,am/is/are being done,was/were being done,shall/will/be going to be done,would be done,have/has been done,had been done,二 被动语
4、态的几种类型：1 主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态 He saw her in the shop yesterday.She was seen in the shop yesterday.2 主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态 Jim gave me a book.I was given a book by Jim.A book was given to me by Jim.,3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态 Mother told me not to be late.I was told not to be late by mother.I saw mother planting flower
5、s in the garden.Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.They made him work 12 hours a day.He was made to work 12 hours a day.,4 短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby.The baby can be taken good care of.,三 被动语态的注意事项 1“主语+系动词+表语”的句子没有被动语 态 2 there be 句型没有被动语态 3 主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态 4 主动句的谓语动词
6、是不及物动词的没有 被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有:The nurse looked after him carefully.The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.,Practice:1 Must I pay for it at once?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.4 How long have you kept the
7、book?How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5 If your homework _(do)well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was seen _(grow)trees.7 The blackboard was _(look)carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _(make)in two days.,is done,to grow,looked at,w
8、ill,made,Oral practice-主动句改被动句,Oral practice-1.Change each sentence into passive voice:A car knocked him down yesterday.Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical teamWhen I got there,they were cutting up a fallen tree,He was knocked down by a car yesterdayThe medical team is made up of by twoA
9、fallen tree was being cut up,when I got there.,4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school 6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year,The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being built by workers in our schoolThe
10、 railway had been completed by the end of last year,7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wall,The earth should be protectedThe wall needs to be painted,几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play guitar,I was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to m
11、e on my birthday.He is often heard to play guitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listen to,look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。,We should take care of the old people.The old people should be taken care of.,1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。,read,write,sell,wash,clean,
12、wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washed,B,C,主动式表被动义,2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。,difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,sa
13、fe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _(learn)The article is difficult _(understand).,to eat,to learn,to understand,3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _(read),to do,to read,表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。,4表示状态特征的连
14、系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,.)The steel feels cold,5 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am.every day,表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义,6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可
15、接不定式的被动式作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/to be washed,Quiz 1,Quiz 11.The steel _ cold A.is felt B.was feeling C.feels D.is being felt2.His plan _ good A.has sounded B.is sounding C.is sounded D.sounds,C,D,Quiz 2,Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am.every day A.opens B.opened C.is opened D.is openingWork _ at 7 pm.
16、today A.ends B.ended C.was ended D.had ended,A,B,The pen _ smoothly A.was wrote B.writes C.has writing D.is writtenThis coat _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washed,Quiz 3,B,C,Your jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _(repair),Quiz 4,washing,repairing,The fish is not fit _(eat)We
17、find English difficult _(learn),Quiz 5,to eat,to learn,I have much homework _(do)Ill give the boy some books _(read),Quiz 6,to do,to read,Correcting mistake,2.Correct the mistake(s)in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to univer
18、sity3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?,was sent,will last,were hurt,4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospital,had been damaged,is now being built,broke
19、out,7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washed,begins,sounds,to be washed/washing,1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B.is to be heldC.are holdingDwill hold,Multiple choice,B,2.Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetI
20、t _ in the factory is being repaired is repaired has been repaired hasnt been repaired,A,3Every possible means _,but none _ successfulA.has tried;has provedBtried;provesC.has been tried;provesD.is being tried;is proved,C,4The question he asked is hard _ A.for answer B.to answer Cto be answered D.ans
21、wering,B,5In warm weather,fruit and meat _ long cannot be kept dont keep mustnt keep is not kept,A,6He received a telegram _:“Mother ill”Awritten B.reading C.said D.writing,B,7.-Did you hand him the letter yesterday?-No,I _ to him brought it took it had it sent carried it,C,8Alice had a dress _ last weekAmadeB.makeC.to be madeD.to make,A,9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy.pay paid to pay to be paid,B,10.-When will the lecture begin?-When the students _ Ahave sat Bsat down Cwill sit Dare seated,D,
