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1、五种基本句,讲解与训练,英语五种基本句型列式如下：,句型一：（主谓）句型二：（主系表）句型三：（主谓宾）句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）句型五：（主谓宾宾补）,1.SVi,例如：I went to school at 7：00.主 谓 状这一结构中的动词为不及物动词，其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。go,live,die,talk,swim,stay,用以上词语造句（肯定，否定，疑问）,Examples:go,live,die,talk,swim,stay,We go to school everyday.Im living in Chang Ping District now.My l
2、ove for you will never die.I want to talk with a foreigner.Jerry can swim well.Mr.Green will stay in China for a year.,2.SV系P,例如：The food smells delicious.主 系 表句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义
3、,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。look,sound,become,turn,keep，get,look,sound,become,turn,grow,get,每个人看起来都不一样。（look）那听起来很好。（sound）我现在成了一名教师。（become）她脸红了。（turn）他现在成长得又高又壮。（grow）天色渐渐黑了。（get）,3.SVtO,例如：He hopes to fly to the moon.主 谓 宾1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词：want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant，wait等；2)只能
4、用动名词作宾语的常见动词：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，cant help等；3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且有区别的常见动词：remember,forget,stop,go on,try4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且无区别的常见动词：begin，start，like，love，hate等。,记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。(还未做)我记得关了啊。(已做过)哦，你忘了关灯了。(还未做)我忘了已经写完作业了。(已做过),Remember _the window before you leave.,But I remember_ it.,I see.You forgot_
5、 the lights.,I forgot_ my homework already.,to close,closing,to turn off,finishing,Mary停下来去散步。（stop）他停止唱歌了。然后，他接下来去玩足球了。（go on）Tom继续玩电脑游戏。我们尽量完成任务。（try）我试着修理自行车。(看有无结果),Mary stopped_ a walk.,He stopped_.,Then he went on_ football.,Tom went on_ computer games.,We try_ the task.,I tried_ the bike.,to
6、take,singing,to play,playing,to finish,mending,4.SVtOiOd,例如：He gave me a pen.主 谓 间宾 直宾1)这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但间宾前需加介词to(对象)或for(目的)；例如：They lent the bike to the boy.主 谓 直宾 间宾,2)在间宾前加to的：,昨天爸爸给我一个礼物。（give）My father gave a present to me yesterday.Li Hua给我看他的照片。（show）Li Hua showed his pictures to me.我的朋友给我一
7、封信。（send）My friend sent a letter to me.姐姐给我带来一件漂亮的裙子。（bring）My sister brought a beautiful dress to me.,请把盐递给我。（pass）Pass the salt to me please.他把自行车借给那个女孩了。（lend）He lent his bike to that girl.以前，奶奶常给我讲故事。（tell）My grandma told stories to me in the past.Tom昨天教我一首英文歌曲。（teach）Tom taught a english song t
8、o me yesterday.,3)在间宾前加for的：,他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。（make）His made a birthday present for me.她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。（buy）Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.我们应该为残疾人做点什么。（do）We should do something for the disabled people.我们给老人们唱歌。（sing）We are singing songs for the old people.,4)最好用SVtOdOi结构的情况：,例如：Ill s
9、end it to you.直宾 间宾 Well sing some songs for the friend 直宾 间宾from a foreign country.,a.当直接宾语是人称代词时：b.当直宾比间宾短时：,5.SVtOC,例如：The boy wished his father to buy a bike for him.主 谓 宾 宾补1)带to的不定式作宾补；例如：She asked me to call him again.很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would，like，like，hate等。,2)不带to的不定式作宾
10、补；,例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.注：如果这种结构变为被动语态，不定式就必然带to.help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.,3)分词作宾补；,例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.现在分词作宾补表示主动，且动作正在进行，过去分词作宾补表示被动，或动作已完成，也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补
11、的常见动词为感官动词：see，hear，notice，watch，feel及find，get，have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。,4)名词作宾补；,例如：We must keep it a secret.这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使用，常见的动词有：name，call，make，elect，think，find，leave等What he have done made him a successful man.,5)形容词作宾补。,例如：You should keep the room clean.常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，li
12、ke，see，think，believe，leave等。The interesting story made me happy.leave me aloneWe saw him out.,同义句转换,1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.He _ _ be giving us a talk tomorrow.2.I thought I hadnt covered the basket.I had _ _ _ the basket.3.If the rain stops，well have a picnic.If it _ _，well
13、have a picnic.4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.They listened _ the teacher _ a song.5.Ill ask somebody to cut my hair.Ill _ my hair _.,同义句转换,1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow.2.I thought I hadnt covered the basket.I had forgotten to cover the basket.3.If the rain stops，well have a picnic.If it stops raining，well have a picnic.4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.They listened to the teacher sing a song.5.Ill ask somebody to cut my hair.Ill have my hair cut.,
