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1、动词不定式的基本用法归纳,一、动词不定时的形式肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth.被动式：to be done 完成式：to have done,1.作主语A.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：(1)To see is to believe.(2)To master English gives us much help in the study of sience.B.不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“It is+形容词(+for sb.)不定式”结构。It is impossible for him to give up smoking
2、.,二、动词不定式的用法,2.作宾语,A动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如want,decide,intend,fail,wish,export,pretend,choose等等。I mean to go there at once.B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为“主语+find(feel,think,believe,consider,etc)+it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher.I find it i
3、nteresting to work with him.,C动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词except和but（除了）。常用句型有：There is nothing to do but+动词原形do nothing but+动词（除做.之外别无选择）can but+动词原形（只能原形(“只有做)have no choice but to do，只得）cannot help/choose but+动词原形(不能不）,3作表语和宾语不足语,动词不定式作表语，一是主语有不定式充当；二是主语由抽象名词充当。To teach is to learn.My job is to help the
4、 patient.【注意】如果在主语中（通常在主语从句或修饰主语的定语从句中）又实意动词do时，作表语的动词不定式省略to。All I want to do now(What I want to do now)is fill my stomach.,4作宾语补足语【注意】在感官动词（see,hear,feel,listen to,notice,watch,observe等）和使役动词（let,have，make）后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。I saw him play in the park.He was seen to play in the park
5、.The boss made those men work day and night.Those men were made to work day and night.,5.定语,1、不定式与被修饰的名词往往构成逻辑上的关系。如名词为不定式的逻辑主语，构成主谓关系；若名词为逻辑宾语，则构成动宾关系；He is not a man to tell lies.There will not be enough space to stand in on the earth 2、作定语的不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，不定式动词又是不及物动词时，应在该动词上加上一个介词，如;He has a n
6、ice pen to write with.He is looking for a room to live in.He is said the best way to travel by is on foot.,6.作状语,不定式作状语时，可表示目的，原因，结果或条件。如;Im very glad to hear the news.（原因)不定式作目的状语时，常可与to,to order to,so as to 连用。He got up early so as not to be late.不定式可以跟在表语的形容词之后作状语。The question is difficult to answer.。有些不定式短语可以做独立成份，通常放在句首，有时置于句中或句未，须用逗号的开。,不定式作结果状语常用如下句型,Too+形容词/副词+to do sth 名词/形容词/副词+enough+to do sth enough+名词+to do sth such+（形容词）名词+as to do sth so+形容词/副词+as to do sth【注意】不定式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致。,
