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1、Warming up,五种简单句的基本句型,S-subject 主语 V-verb（vt 及物；vi 不及物）P-predicative 表语O-object 宾语（direct object-D o 直宾 indirect object-In o 间宾)C-complement 补语,基本句型 一+（主谓）,此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。常用不及物动词有 break,breathe,burn,smoke,swim,skate,appear,disappear,work,think etc.,Pra
2、ctise&Judge,Give me some examples about this type of sentence?Try as much as you can.Some sentences for you to judge 1)Class begins at 9 oclock 2)He is reading the newspaper 3)Everyone has arrived in the end.,基本句型 二+（主系表）,特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做(连)系动词。be动词和beco
3、me是英语中常见的系动词，后面必须接表语，才能用来说明主语，表示“是”，“变成”等意思。表语通常是名词或形容词等。Eg:The weather becomes hotter.,系动词可分四类：,1）be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词；2）感官动词类 look,feel,smell,taste,sound等+adj.3）表示变化：get,grow,become,turn,go等 4）表示状态延续：stay,keep,prove,remain,stand等,现学现用,她变得越来越漂亮了。She is getting more and more beautiful
4、.我们是学生。Weare students.他的脸变红了。His face goes red.,基本句型 三+O（主谓宾）特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。常用动词有：see,watch,need,love,like,study,answer,carry,etc,Excercise,谁知道答案？Who knows the answer?她嘲笑他She laughs at him.他们吃了些蛋糕。They ate some cakes.,基本句型 四+InO+D（主谓间宾 直宾）,特点：及物
5、动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象。但有些动词，除了直接宾语外，还要求一个间接宾语，这个间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人或物，也可以说是间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的，所以只能是名词或代词宾格担当。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者位于动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。e.g.She gave me an apple.=She gave an apple to me.,常带双宾语（直宾和间宾）的动词,A：动词后加to give 给 show 给看 send 寄bring 带 read 读 pass 递给
6、 lend 借给 leave 留给 hand 交给 tell 告诉 return 把还给 write 给写信 throw 扔 promise 答应 refuse 拒绝 B：动词后加for make 生产，制造 buy 买 do做 get 得到 play 演奏 order 命令 sing 唱歌 pay 为交钱,基本句型 五+O+（主谓宾宾补）,特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意完整 判断原则：能表达成宾语 是/做 e.g.We made him the manager.,常用作宾补的形式,（1）名词：The couple na
7、med their baby John.（2）形容词：I keep the door open.（3）副词：Thenaughty boy knocked the bottle over.（4）不定式：He ordered his men to fire.,（5）分词：He heard me singing.I saw the vase broken.（6）介词短语：They look on him as a teacher,实战演练,典型例题分析,自主判断,1.Those plants need water.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)2.The flower is so fresh.S+V+P(
8、主+系+表)3.They work hard.S+V(主+谓)4.He gives me some seeds.S+V+In O+DO(主+谓+直宾+间宾)5.We should keep the plants in the shade.S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)6.Many animals live in trees.S+V(主+谓),7.The cake tastes delicious.主+系+表8.Classes begin at eight every day.主+谓9.They havent decided where to gonext.主+谓+宾10.Jim cann
9、ot dress himself.主+谓+宾11.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.主+谓+间宾+直宾12.Shall I call you a taxi?主+谓+间宾+直宾,13.The sun keeps us warm.主+谓+宾+宾补14.The potatoes went bad.主+系+表15.You must get your hair cut.主+谓+宾+宾补16.She sat there alone,reading a novel.主+谓17.They made Tom monitor.主+谓+宾+宾补18.I heard him singing.主+谓+宾+宾补,
