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1、新标准第八册知识点复习,名词单数变复数口诀(一)规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数；book-books;pen-pens;apple-appless,x,z,ch,sh 来结尾，直接加上-es；dress-dresses;box-boxes;buzz-buzzes;watch-watches;brush-brushes 词尾是 f 或 fe，加-s 之前先变 ve；leaf-leaves;wife-wives;knife-knives,辅音+y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加-es；study-studies;baby-babies;city-cities元音+y在词尾,只加s就足够b
2、oy boys;day days;monkey monkeys词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero,tomato,potato。美国黑人和英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿。negro-negroes;hero-heroes;potato-potatoes;tomato-tomatoes其余o结尾的词加s,photo-photos;piano-pianos,(二)不规则变化男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；man-men;woman-women;goose-geese;foot-feet;tooth-teeth老鼠虱子也好记，ous 变 ic；mouse-mice;lo
3、use-lice孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变child-children;fish;deer;sheepthis-these(这些)that-those(那些),1、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令等，句中没有主语，肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成，否定形式则在句前加Dont.Stand up,please.请起立。Dont worry.别担心。can的用法：can是情态动词，表示“能，会，可以，被允许等”，其后接动词原形，否定形式为cannot，可缩写为cant.She can speak Japanese.她会讲日语。I cant remember his name.我
4、不记得他的名字了。Can you spell your name?你会拼写你的名字吗?,2There be句型(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be某物（某人）某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词，be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如：On the desk ther
5、e is a book.,(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：There is a tree behind the house.There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.There are some pears in the box.,(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要
6、遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：There is a book and some pens on the floor.There are some pens and a book on the floor.,3like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词，表示喜欢某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much.我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v.-ing)，表示“喜欢做某事”，着重于习惯、爱好。如：Tom likes playi
7、ng football.汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do)，表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”，着重于某次具体的行为。如：I like reading,but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜欢读书，但我今晚想看电视。,4句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe,youyou，she,he,it they。如：She is a girl.They are girls.(2)am，is要变为are。如：Im a student.We are students.(3)不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a
8、boy.They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple.They are apples.(5)指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This is a box.These are boxes.,5.want用法(1)想干什么用want to do sthThey want to join the sports club.他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语，want要作变化He wants to play basketball.Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句，否定句要借
9、助助动词do或does.Do you want to play soccer ball?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Does he want to go home by bus?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt,6、have/has的用法：1)谓语动词have表示“有”，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称(I,we)，第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)，后者用于第三人称单数(he,she,it)或单数名词。I have an apple and he has two bananas.我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。You have a new E
10、nglish teacher.你们有了一个新的英语老师。It has two big eyes.它有一双大眼睛。Julie and Jack have a nice car.朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。,2)have/has句型与there be句型的比较：两者都表示“有”，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示“某人或某物有什么”，而后者表示存在，表示“某地有什么”。They have some new books.他们有一些新书。There are some new books on their desks.他们桌子上有一些新书。She has a lot of pretty skirts.她
11、有很多漂亮的裙子。There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop.商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。,3)have/has的否定句，一般要加助动词do/does，再加not构成，即do not have(dont have)/does not have(doesnt have).She does not have a sister.她没有姐姐。We dont have any classes on Saturday.我们星期六没有课。Ann and I dont have a big room.我和安没有一个大房间。,4)一般疑问句由“助动词Do/Does+主语
12、+have+宾语”构成，回答用Yes,do/does.或者No,dont/doesnt.-Do you have a big house?他们的房子大吗?-No,they dont.不，他们的房子不大。-Does he have an eraser?他有橡皮吗?-Yes,he does.他有的。5)特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词+助动词do/does+have(+状语)构成。What do they have?他们有什么?What does he have?他有什么?How many telephones do they have?他们有几部电话?,我们除了用“be going to动词原形”可以表示
13、一般将来时外，我们还可以用“will动词原形”来表示一般将来时,一般将来时,一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态常与表示将来的时间状语连用,关键词：tomorrow、next day(week,month,year)、soon、at once、this afternoon/evening/the day after tomorrow（后天）等,构成:,be going to do 将要做某事,注意:be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟 go，come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如:Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去
14、纽约.,will 引导的一般将来时:表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，最基本的结构：will+动词原形“主谓（宾）句型”的一般将来时：肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+（宾语）+其他 Some day people will go to the moon.否定句：在will 的后面加not即可。will not 可缩写为 wont They wont use books.一般疑问句：把will 提到句子主语之前，结尾变问号。Will students go to school in the future?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他？What will your dre
15、am school have?,“There be”句型的一般将来时肯定句：There will be+名词+其他成份注意：无论后面加单数名词或复数形式，be都必须用原形。There will be only one country.否定句：在will后面加not.There wont be only one country.一般疑问句：把will提到there之前。Will there be only one country?Yes,there will./No,there wont.,注意：在口语中，所有人称都可以用will.,一般将来时的主要用法：,1、表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态：We
16、 will come to see you the day after tomorrow.There will be a wonderful show next week.2、表示将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态：The students will come and work in the lab once a week.We will come and work in this factory every year.,will do 将要做某事,注意:Shall I/we 常用来征求对方意见，如:1Shall we go to the park?肯定Sure,lets go.否定 No,le
17、ts go to the cinema.而问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请，常用Will you?他们的回答比较灵活。如:2.Will you please come to my birthday party next week?肯定Yes,I will./Sure.否定 Im sorry.I cant,例句：,.I will call you this evening.2.Students will use computers to learn in the future.3.He will help his sister with her lessons.4.We wont be fre
18、e（空闲的）this afternoon.5.She will not listen to me.6.The birds wont fly away to the south when the weather turns cold.7.There will be a strong wind soon8.I will not tell it to him.9.I think it will be very hot in Beijing next summer.10.He will use his pen and his calculator.11.Will there be heavy rain
19、 and strong winds?,will句式总结:,一般将来时两种基本句式的区别：,在初中阶段来讲，”be going to+动词原形”和“will+动词原形”这两种表示将来时态的结构没什么区别。但在现代英语中，特别是在口语中，表示将来时多用“be going to+动词原形”这一形式。另外他们主要区别在于“be going to+动词原形”表示一个事先考虑好的意图，相当于“打算、计划、准备”，而will则表示未经事先考虑的意图。,Functional Practise：,.hope that you a good time this evening.A.have B.are havin
20、g C.will have D.has2.Look at those big black clouds.It rain.Lets hurry.A.must B.will C.would D.is going to,注意：will与be going to的区别，be going to可以表示明显将要发生的情况,3.There a basketball match this afternoon.A.will have B.will be C.has D.have 4.We to the park if it is fine tomorrow.A.will go B.go C.goes D.to g
21、o,C,D,B,A,1.Students will go to school in the future.(一般疑问句）to school in the future.2.There will be some robots in our homes.(改为否定句）There robots in our homes.3.Everyone will have a small car.(对划线部分提问）everyone?,Functional Practise：,Will students go,wont be any,What will have,用所给词的适当形式填空：1.There(be)an
22、 American film next week.2.They(finish)the work this afternoon.3.Tom(play)football with us tomorrow?4.Robots(do)lots of work in our homes in the future.5.There(be)strong winds tonight.6.Before long,he(forget)all about the matter.7.He(be)back in three hours.8.We(send)for a doctor if you(be)not better
23、 in the evening.,Functional Practise：,will be,汉译英：1.明天，我们学校将有场足球赛，我准备去看.我打算和李明一起复习功课.将来每个人都有一台计算机.美美正在做饭今天晚上她要把饭带到晚会上去.我理想的学校将有宽大的教室和图书室.学生将在电脑上与老师对话.将来有学校吗？不，没有.我们将使用因特网在家里学习,Functional Practise：,1.Tomorrow,there will be a football match in our school.Im going to watch it.2.Im going to revise lesso
24、ns with Li Ming.3.Everyone will have a computer in the future.4.Meimei is cooking，she will take the food to the party this evening.5.My dream school will have big classrooms and libraries.6.Students will talk to their teachers on the computers.7.Will there be schools in the future?No,there wont.8.We
25、 will use the Internet to study at home.,明天不用上课。There _ _ _ class tomorrow.也许在100年后人们将活到200岁。_ people _ _ _ _ 200 years old _ 100 years.3.许多女孩子喜欢养宠物。Many girls like _ a pet.There will be a sports meeting tomorrow.(一般疑问句）_ _ _ a sports meeting tomorrow?我想将会有更多高楼，更少汽车，更少污染。I think there will be _ tall
26、 buildings,_ cars,_ pollution.你认为Sally5年后会成为什么？What _ _ _Sally _ _ in 5 years?,will be no,Maybe will live to be in,keeping,Will there be,more fewer less,do you think will be,明天的天气会是怎样？What _ _ _ _ _ tomorrow?有一天我将会和好朋友乘火箭到月球度假。One day I will _ _ _ _ _ _ vacation _ my friends.10.我帮妈妈做家务。I _ my mother
27、 _ housework.11.科学家尝试让机器人做同样的事情。Scientists _ _ _ robots do the _ things _ human（人）.,will the weather be like,fly rocket to the moon for with,help with,try to make same as,一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态 关键词(just now,ago,yesterday,last,yesterday,this morning,in 2004）,(1)Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am,is变为was。（was not=wa
28、snt）are变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。,(2)句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子,一般过去时,要用动词过去式.遇到问句,否定句,Did,didnt+动原如果Who做主语,后就直接跟过去式!,须牢记：,(3).动词过去式变化规则,a)一般情况下，直接加ed.如：wash-washed,look-looked;,b)以不发音字母e结尾的，加d.如：like-liked,dance-danced;,c)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变
29、y为i再加ed.如：study-studied;,d)以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾，该音节又重读的，末尾字母要双写，再加ed.如：stop-stopped,chat-chatted.plan-planned,规则动词过去式的词尾读音,1)在清辅音后读/t/.如：helped,liked,watched.2)在浊辅音和元音后读/d/.如：lived,listened.3)在/t/和/d/的后面读/id/.如：wanted,tasted.,e)不规则动词的过去式变化没有什么规律，应注意积累和熟记。,1.They played football in the playground just now.(改为否定句)They football in the playground just now.2.I ate some delicious food yesterday evening.(改为否定句)you delicious food yesterday evening?3.Miss Li surf the internet yesterday.(对划线部分提问)Miss Li yesterday?,The end,Thank you!,
