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1、2023/9/14,1,英语五种基本句型及练习,2023/9/14,2,英语基本句型-1主+谓 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：The sun rises.Tom has already left.主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。,如:1.The red sun rises in the east.2.So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4.She sat there alone,reading a novel.5.He
2、 came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake,but strong ones may stay up.,2023/9/14,3,巩固练习：,1她昨天回家很晚。2会议将持续两个小时。3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大41919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。5每天八时开始上课。6这个盒子重五公斤。7五年前我住在北京。8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。,2023/9/14,4,1.She went home very late
3、 yesterday evening.,2.The meeting will last two hours.,3.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.,4.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.,2023/9/14,5,9.My grandfather gets up early in the morning.,10.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library t
4、o borrow books.,8.In autumn,some birds fly to the south.,7.I lived in Beijing five years ago.,6.This box weighs five kilos.,5.Classes begin at eight every day.,2023/9/14,6,英语基本句型-2主+谓+宾,本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。,如：1.Tom made a hole in the wall.2.I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.T
5、hey havent decided where to go next.4.She stopped teaching English two years ago.5.It took them ten years to build the dam.7.Mother promises to give me a present.,2023/9/14,7,巩固练习：,1昨晚我写了一封信。2今天下午我想同你谈谈。3这本书他读过多次了。4他们成功地完成了计划。5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。8我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。9.他不知道说
6、什麽好。10.我开窗户你在意吗？,2023/9/14,8,1.I wrote a letter last night.2.I want to talk with you this afternoon.3.He has read this book many times.4.They have carried out the plan successfully.5.That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.,2023/9/14,9,6.I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.7
7、.Jim cannot dress himself.8.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.9.He did not know what to say.10.Do you mind my opening the window?,2023/9/14,10,英语基本句型-3主+系+表 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的 be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的 remain,stay,keep,conti
8、nue,stand;3.表示状态变化的 become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;,2023/9/14,11,Our English teacher is thirty years old.,The cake tastes delicious.,We feel used to living in big cities.,The potatoes went bad in the fields.,Their boss seems satisfied with the work.,Deep water stays still.,2023/9/14,12,巩固练习：1
9、冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少保持安静。4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。,In winter,the days are short and the nights are long.,At the age of fifteen,he became a famous pianist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.,2023/9/14,13,5他失业了。6树叶已经变黄了7这个报告听起来很有意思,He is out of work.,Th
10、e leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds interesting,2023/9/14,14,英语基本句型4 主+谓+宾+补 说明:此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.They made Tom monitor.He used to do
11、 his homework with his radio on.用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,2023/9/14,15,巩固练习：1我们叫她Alice.2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。3他们把小偷释放了。4我要你把真相告诉我。5.卫兵命令我们立即离开。6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。7他每个月理一次发8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of u
12、s considered him honest.,They have set the thief free.,I want you to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave at once.,Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,He has his hair cut once a month.,We wont let her go out at night.,2023/9/14,16,9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10她正在听人家讲故事。11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。12他
13、感到很难跟你交谈。13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。,The terrible sound made the children frightened.,She is listening to someone telling stories.,I have never seen the word used that way before.,He felt it very difficult to talk with you.,I consider it possible to work out the problemin another way.,Th
14、e school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.,2023/9/14,17,英语基本句型5 主+谓+双宾 说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：She brings me cookies every day.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：She brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧重指动作的方向，表
15、示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；（需借助for 的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。,2023/9/14,18,巩固练习：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3请把那本字典递给我好吗？4他把车票给列车员看。5我替你叫辆出租
16、汽车好吗？6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。,2023/9/14,19,1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?4.He showed the ticket to the conductor.5.Shall I call you a taxi?6.The new machine will save you a lot of labo
17、ur.7.He bought a new coat for his mother with his first months salary.,2023/9/14,20,英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明：此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如：There stands a hill in the middle of the park.O
18、nce upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,2023/9/14,21,Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：现在有 there is/are 过去有 there was/were 将来有 there will be；there is/are going to be.现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be.肯定有 there must be/there must have been.过去曾经有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/se
19、em/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be,2023/9/14,22,巩固练习：1这个村子过去只有一口井。2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。3天气预报说下午有大风。4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。5战前这儿一直有家电影院的.6恰好那时房里没人。7从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。8公共汽车来了。9就只剩下二十八美元了。10铃响了。,2023/9/14,23,There was only a well in the village.Among the guests there were two Americans and t
20、wo Frenchmen.The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon.The light is on.There must be someone ion the office.There used to be a cinema here before the war.There happened to be nobody in the room.Once,there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.There comes the bus.There remains only twenty eight dollars.There goes the bell.,
