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1、生词和词组例句讲解,2constitution,1)宪法the Constitution of the United States/the American Constitution2)体格，体质He has a weak constitution3)构造，构成the constitution of starch(淀粉的构成),3achievement,achievement(U)取得，完成（C）成就，成绩（V）achievedevelopment government movement equipmentvt 完成 达到（目的），得到1）By hard working we can achi
2、eve anything.2）We have achieved success in developing the product.,4,3Mankind 人类 manmade(adj)Manly 有男子气概的；刚强的4in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happene.g.There is a surprise in store for you.I can see trouble in store.,5 likely,1)be likely to do sth 很可能（发生某种情况）Our team is likely t
3、o win the game.2)it is likely that+从句It is likely that well go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.,6,辨析：likely,possible与probableLikely 常用词，指“从表面现象看很有可能”Possible 指“由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到”，强调“客观上有可能”，但“实际希望很小”。Probable 语气比possible 强，指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有大概，很可能的意思”,7,Likely 之后常跟不定式（sb/sth be likely to do
4、 sth）而possible与probable之后通常不跟不定式；Likely 的主语可以是人，而possible与probable的主语不能是人。Its possible to finish the work on time./Success is possible/Anything is possible.The baby is likely to fall asleep./Its likely that we will be late.,8 set up,1)建立，成立 Set up homeEdison set up a chemical lab of his own at the a
5、ge of ten.2)树立起来Lets set up the tent first.3)使（自己或他人）从事某职业（as）He has set himself up as a bookseller.他开始经营书籍。,9,set about doing sth 着手做 set out to do sth/Set an example树立榜样set fire to 点火；放火Set off 出发，动身Set foot in(on)登上；涉足；访问set foot in/on sth.:enter or visit(a place);arrivee.g.Dont ever set foot in
6、this house again!Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.,10,7Private adj 私人的；私立的；不公开的Private property/私人财产 Private schoola private door 便门in private 在私下，秘密地in public 公开地,11 grasp vt,1)抓住 grasp sb by the arm2)(=understand)掌握，领会Grasp sbs meaning3)n(常用单数)紧握；把握；理解；理解力Beyond sbs grasp 力量达不到 Grasp
7、all,lose all.样样都要，全数失掉。Within sbs grasp 力量达得到,12 Master,Master n 硕士；（男）主人；能手；雇主；大师Mistress n 女主人 Masterless adj 无主的Mastermind n 非常聪明的人 Masterkey n 万能钥匙Masterpiece(masterwork)n 杰作 The master of the house 家长,13,Master and man雇主与雇工 A master in literature 文学大师Master of Arts(MA)文学硕士 Master of Science(MS)
8、理学硕士vt 掌握；精通；控制；统治Master a foreign languageMan can master nature.,14,10.perfect adj 理想的；完美的；绝对的；完全的；（动词的）完成的His reading is perfect.He is a perfect stranger to us.The perfect tense完成时态,15,vt 使完美They worked hard to perfect their dance.Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧Be perfect in English 精通英语,16,arrange表示“
9、安排”，注意以下用法：用作及物动词。如：a)用名词或代词作宾语。如：We will arrange everything.你们会安排好一切的。Ive arranged a taxi for you.我已为你们安排了一辆出租车。,17,有时用于被动语态。如：It is allarranged.这事全都安排好了。b)用不定式作宾语。如：They arranged to start early.他们计划一早出发。Ive arranged to see them tonight.我已安排今晚同他们见面。We still have to arrange how(when)to go there.我们还得
10、安排如何(何时)去那儿。,18,表示“安排某人做某事”，不能用arrange sb to do sth,而应用arrange for sb to do sth(此时的arrange为不及物动词)。c)用that从句作宾语(从句多用虚拟语气)。如：They arranged that the meeting(should)be put off to Saturday.他们安排把会议推迟到星期六。,19,d)不接双宾语。如：请给我们安排一次与工人的会见。正：Pleasearrangean interview with the workers for us.误：Please arrange us a
11、n interview with the workers.,20,用作不及物动词时，还通常用于arrange for sb(sth)to do sth(此类句型中的介词for不能省略)。如：Hes arranged for me to attend the meeting.他已安排我去参加会议。We have arranged for the car to come at nine.我们已安排好让汽车9点钟来。,21,比较以下同义句型。如：我们安排把会议推迟一周后召开。正：We arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.正：We arr
12、anged that the meeting(should)be put off for a week.,22,2.表示“整理”、“排列”，是及物动词。如They were arranged in kinds(years,size).他们是按种类(年代，大小)排列的。We must arrange the room before the guests arrive.在客人到来之前我们必须把房间整理好。,23,12.have an effect on 对产生影响Take effect 开始生效；开始实行In effect=in fact 实际上,24,13.rely on/upon:depend
13、 on依赖，依靠；信赖，信任We should rely on our own efforts.我们应该自力更生。You may rely on it that she wont be late.你可以放心，她不会迟到的。,25,14make it clear（that）表明，讲清楚e.g.She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.She made clear her objections.,26,15Failure(v fail)失败(U)，失败的人或事（C）Failure is the mother of success.失败乃
14、成功之母He is a failure as an artist,but a success as an art teacher.他不是一个成功的艺术家，但是个成功的美术老师。,27,His plans ended in failure.他的计划以失败而告终。It was clear that the policy was a failure.很明显，那项政策失败了。Gary was a failure as a football player.作为一个足球运动员，加里是个失败者。Success comes after many failures.成功是源于很多次的失败后得来的。,28 ann
15、ounce vt.宣布，宣告，显示,He phoned me to announce his decision.他打电话给我，宣布了他的决定。It has been announced that he will resign.他已经将辞职的消息宣布了。,29,Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.请告知你们班的学生明天不上课。A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.温暖的阳光显示春天即将来到。,30,16come to life:back to
16、 normal state,苏醒过来，恢复生气，活跃起来After three hours saving,the injured man came to life.When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad,the kids came back to life at once.,31,17.markn 痕迹；符号；商标；分数；特征an ink mark。a question mark。full marks。make a mark 作标记,32,vt 做标记；留痕迹于；表明；批分数，评成绩a dirt road marked with footpri
17、nts 留有脚印的泥路be marked with 标着；(人、动物等身上)具有Her face is marked with sadness.她面露悲哀。mark examination papers.,33,18.outstanding1)杰出的，突出的（stand out）一名杰出的学生 an outstanding student2)未完结的；未清的；未付的Outstanding debts 未付清的欠款,34,19Breakthrough n 重大突破，突围；突破性的发现，成就A military breakthrough 军事突破A scientific breakthrough
18、科学成就,35 deep-deepen Sharpsharpen Wide-widen,20enableen-使+able能的enrich enlargestrengthen strength(力量)+en(使)vt 加强，增强 vi 变强they strengthened the city wall.the wind strengthened.,36,21.organ n 器官；风琴；机构，机关The eyes are the organ of sight.a government organadj organic 有机物的；有机体的n organism(C)生物，有机体，有机组织vt or
19、ganize 组织n。organization 团体，机构，组织,37,22.put forward 提出（建议、意见）；推荐，提名He put forward a better plan.We put her forward as chairman of the committee.,38,23.aim(sth)at sth/doing sth(把)瞄准；目的在于；企图He aimed his gun at the target.Those girls worked out every morning,aiming at losing weight.（sb aim sth at-sth be
20、 aimed at,39,24.locate vt.设置(机关、店铺等)，设立(工厂、办公室等)；确定的位置 They decided to locate their new office in Hong Kong.他们决定在香港设立新的办事处。We located the island on the map.我们在地图上确定那个岛的位置。,40,be located in/on 坐落于，位于 Our school is located in the centre of the town.我们学校坐落于市镇的中心。The country is located in the southern p
21、art of Africa.该国位于非洲南部。,41,25.luggage n.(总称)行李 He did not have much luggage.他没有很多行李。You are only allowed to take one piece of hand luggage onto a plane.你只可携带一件手提行李上飞机。注：luggage是不可数名词。,42,26.put forward提出，建议，推荐 Are you serious in putting forward such a view?你真的要提出这种观点吗？。We put him forward for the pos
22、ition of chairman.我们推举他当主席。,43,同、近义词辨析1likely,possible 与probable（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有别。possible指客观上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“较为可能、大概”，指有实际依据；likely是从外表迹象判断有可能发生的事,44,Its possible,though not probable,that he will come tomorrow.他明天可能来，但也不一定准来。She is likely to ring me tonight.今晚她很可能给我来电话。,45
23、,（2）possible 不能用人做主语。possible 常用于下列句型：It is possible to do sth.It is possible for sb.to do sth.It is possible that eg:Is it possible to say so?可能这样说吗？It is possible for me to do it.我可能做那件事。,46,（3）probable 也不能用人做主语。一般只用于下面句型中：It is probable that eg:It is probable that he will come.他很可能要来。,47,（4）likel
24、y 既可用人作主语，也可用物做主语。通可用于“It is likely that”句型中。eg:He is likely to come.=It is likely that he will come.他可能要来。但不能说：It is likely for him to come.（5）impossible,improbable,unlikely 用法与上述类似。,48,2catch,grasp,seize 与snatchcatch是普通用语，用“设法抓住，捉住”的意思；grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脱”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯动作、出其不意地“抓取”,40,The police caught the thief as he ran.小偷逃跑时被警察抓住了。He grasped his gun and rushed out.他抓起枪就冲了出去。He seized the gun from the enemy soldier.他从敌人士兵手中夺过了枪。The thief snatched her handbag and ran off.小偷抢走了她的手提包就跑了。,
