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1、.单词短语根据所给词性和汉语写出单词，并进行适当拓展。1_(vt.)捐赠_(n.)捐献，捐赠_(n.)捐赠者2_(adj.)自愿的；志愿的，无偿的_(n.)志愿者3_(n.)公牛_(pl.)公牛4_(adj.)政治的；政党的_(n.)政治5_(vt.)分配；分发_(n.)分配，分发；分布状态6_(v.)工作；运转；操作_(n.)操作，手术,答案：1.donate;donation;donator2.voluntary;volunteer3.ox；oxen4.political;politics5.distribute;distribution 6operate;operation,.重点短语1
2、bring hope_.为带来希望2_need 在困难中，在危急中3as_as 和；也4_the cost of囊括/支付的费用答案：1.to2.in3.well4.cover,1donate vt.捐赠I can donate one hundred dollars at best.我充其量只能捐助一百美元。Local people lined up to donate blood for the brave girl.当地群众排队给这位勇敢的姑娘献血。He has donated his library to our school.他已把自己的藏书捐给我们学校了。,知识拓展(1)donat
3、e sth.to sb/sth.向某人/物捐赠某物(2)donate sth.to do sth.为做某事而捐赠某物,词语辨析contribute与donatecontribute和donate虽然都可以解释为“捐献”，但contribute本质上却是“提供，贡献”的意思，而donate只能用在义务捐献上，比如捐血、捐衣服、捐献自己的医术等等。Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford.人们都应该尽自己的能力作贡献。The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.这个商人
4、捐给医院很多钱。,知识运用采用donate或contribute的适当形式填空：(1)He_2,000 Yuan to the green Project Hope activity to protect mother river.(2)In his will,he volunteered to_his body to medicine.(3)Everyone was asked to_suggestions for the project.(4)I made a_of$100 to the Famine Relief Fund.(5)Division of opinion among the
5、mselves_to their defeat.(6)The invention of paper was a great_to human civilization.,答案：(1)donated/contributed本题题意：他把2000元钱捐给了保护母亲河绿色希望工程活动。(2)donate本题题意：在他的遗嘱里，他自愿将遗体捐给医疗事业。(3)contribute本题题意：每个人都被请求对该计划提出建议。(4)contribution/donation本题题意：我向救灾基金会捐献了一百美元。(5)contributed本题题意：他们之间的意见分歧促使了他们的失败。,(6)contrib
6、ution本题题意：纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。,2purchase v.&n.1)v.购买；努力取得；换得They purchased life at the expense of honour.他们以牺牲名誉为代价换得了生命。Theyve purchased a new house in the countryside.他们在乡村刚买了一栋新房子。2)n.购买；购物He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.他给儿子一些钱去买学校的书。She made several purchases in the
7、dress shop.她在服装店买了几样东西。,知识运用(1)He came here for the_of collecting material for his research.AhopeBbenefitCpurchase Dpurpose答案：D本题题意：他到这里来，目的是为了他的研究搜集资料。for the purpose of表示“为目的”。,(2)He worked all summer to save money for the_of a piano.Ahope BbenefitCpurchase Dpurpose答案：C本题题意：他工作了一整个夏天，为的是存钱买架钢琴。pur
8、chase表示“购买”。,3distribute vt.分配；分发Clothes and blankets have been distributed among the refugees.已经向难民分发了衣服和毯子。The mother distributed candy among children.母亲给孩子们发糖果。知识拓展(1)distribute.to/among.把分给(2)distribute.into.把分成,词语辨析distribute,allocate,assign与divide这些动词均含“分配，分发”之意。1)distribute指将某物分成一定的部分或数量，通常各份
9、的数量不一定相等，然后分给某些人或地方。They had distributed the lands among the peasants.他们把土地分给农民。2)allocate指分配一定数量的财物或任务给某些人、单位或事业等，侧重分配的比例和专门用途。We allocate 10%of revenue to publicity.我们拨出10%的营业收入用于广告宣传。,3)assign指具有权威的人进行的任意地分配，不具有分配平等或公平的含义。The two large classrooms have been assigned to us.这两间大教室已经分配给我们了。4)divide表示
10、根据计划或目的进行按份额分发，通常是平等的。She divided the food into four equal shares.她把食物分成相同的四份。,知识运用(1)Some 10,000 brochures and leaflets about Weifangs attractions were_at these shows,as well as through the international travel trade.Aassigned BdividedCallocated Ddistributed答案：D本题题意：通过这些展览会和国际旅游业人士，该机构派发了一万份有关潍坊旅游点
11、的小册 子和散页传单。distribute表示“分发”。,(2)采用allocate,assign,distribute或divide的适当形式填空：Information leaflets are being_to hotels and guest houses.Consumer magazines can be_into a number of different categories.Students are_accommodation on a yearly basis.The captain_two soldiers to guard the gate.,Even though th
12、e Red Cross had_a large sum for the relief of the sufferers of the disaster,many people died.He_the students a few books to read.There are over 35,000 species of orchid_throughout the world.They_their time between London and their country cottage.,答案：distributed本题题意：资料传单正在被分发到旅馆和宾馆。divided本题题意：消费者杂志
13、可以分成许多种类。allocated本题题意：学生们每年进行住宿安排。assigned本题题意：上尉派了两个士兵守大门。allocated本题题意：尽管红十字会拨出了很大一笔钱救济灾民，但是仍有很多人死亡了。assigned本题题意：他给学生指定了几本书要他们读。,distributed本题题意：有35 000 多种兰花分布在世界各地。divided本题题意：他们一部分时间在伦敦，一部分时间在他们的乡村小屋。,4operate1)vt.操作；管理The worker is showing them how to operate the machine.那位工人在教他们如何操作那台机器。All
14、the Disney parks are operated by the same company.所有的这些迪斯尼公园均由同一家公司经营。,2)vi.运转；起作用；动手术The engine operates well in cold weather.这台发动机即使天气寒冷也运转良好。The medicine began to operate at once.药立即开始见效了。The doctor decided to operate on the patient at once.那个医生决定立刻给病人动手术。,知识拓展operation n操作The operation of a big
15、new machine can be hard to learn.学习操作一部新的大机器可能是件很难的事。come into operation 生效bring sth.into operation 生效,知识运用判断各句中operate的含义：(1)The company operates two factories.(2)What skills are needed to operate this machinery?(3)The machinery operates continuously day and night.(4)I feel the medicine gradually o
16、perating.(5)The doctors are going to operate on the dying child.答案：(1)经营(2)操作(3)运转(4)见效(5)做手术,in need 在困难中，在危急中Many of our citizens are in desperate need in life.我们很多的居民生活十分困难。We should help those in need.我们应当帮助那些需要帮助的人。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难之交才是真正的朋友。He was hurt,and in need of help.
17、他受了伤，急需帮助。,知识拓展常见的“in名词”构成的短语有：(1)in use被使用；在使用中(2)in store 储存着，备用；必将到来，快要发生(3)in common 共有的，共用的(4)in fact 事实上(5)in a word 总之，一句话(6)in other words 换句话说(7)in case 以防；如果(8)in honor of 为向表示敬意(9)in the end 最终，最后,(10)in time of 在的时候(11)in return 作为回报(12)in turn 依次；逐个地(13)in addition 除之外(14)in vain 无结果，徒然
18、(15)in reality 事实上，实际上(16)in danger 处于危险之中(的)(17)in the distance 在远处(18)in hand 在手里(边)；在进行中(的),知识运用(1)(2008天津)Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students_financial aid.Ain favour of Bin honour ofCin face of Din need of 答案：D本题题意：许多中国大学向那些需要经济帮助的学生提供奖学金。in favour of支持；in honour of 为了纪念
19、；in face of 面对；in need of需要。,(2)用“in名词”构成的短语填空：Thousands of people donated money and food to those_ _.Police searched_ _for the missing gunman.They are brothers,but they have nothing_ _.They hold a ceremony_ _ _those died in the battle.The house looks very old,but_ _it is quite new.,I have never met
20、 him before；_ _ _，I wont recognize him when we meet.Our officers have to concentrate 100 percent on the task_ _.答案：in needin vainin commonin honor ofin reality/factin other wordsin hand,The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution toward the lives of people wh
21、o really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有需要的人的一项捐助。,知识剖析not.but.意思是“不是，而是”，句中连接两个表语。not.but.连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。例如：Im not a student but a teacher.我不是学生而是老师。He does not work but play all day.他整天不学习只是玩耍。All work but no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明人也变傻。Not he but you are wanted
22、on the telephone.电话找的是你不是他。,知识拓展not only.but(also)，either.or.，neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。as well as,along with,together with,with连接主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。,知识运用(1)(2008江苏27)It is often said that the joy of traveling is_in arriving at your destination_in the journey itself.A/;but B/;orCnot;or Dnot;but答案：D本题题意：人们常说旅行的快乐并不在于到达目的地，而在于旅行的过程。not.but.为固定结构，表示“不是而是”。,(2)(2007全国131)Between the two generations,it is often not their age，_their education that causes misunderstanding.Alike Bas Cor Dbut 答案：D本题题意：在这两代人之间，引起误会的因素常常不是他们的年龄，而是他们所接受的教育。but(通常用于not.but.)，表示“而是”。,
