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1、,Unit17Grammar,Five Basic Sentence Patterns,主语-系动词-表语（SVC）主语-动词（SV）主语-动词-宾语（SVO）主语-动词-宾语-宾语（SVOO）主语-动词-宾语-宾语补足语（SVOC）,基本句型：,Direct and indirect objects（直接宾语和间接宾语）,主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）。,如，He brings me cookies every day.She made me a beautiful dress.,但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for:,He br
2、ings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.,主语+及物谓语动词+直接宾语（事物）+to/for+间接宾语（人）。如，,双宾语,用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）：bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,read,return,send,show,teach,tell,ask,leave,mail,throw,take,write,等。（需借助for 的）：bu
3、ild,buy,call,change,cook,choose,do,draw,envy,fetch,find,forgive,gain,get,make,order,play(演奏)sing,save,spare,win等。,带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时加“to”或“for”。这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好。“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”“画”“制作”for来了。,说明:“七给”(give,pass,lend,write,show,send,hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“t
4、o”。即“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”如:He lent some money to me.,巧记带双宾语的动词,“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me.,DEAR MISS W巧记可跟双宾语的一组动词,有些及物动词如tell，show等，其后跟双宾语时，既可以用“及物动词间宾直宾”，也可以用“及物动词直宾to间宾”结构。但有些及物动词如explain，introduce等，其后跟双宾语时，只能用“及物动词直
5、宾to间宾”结构而不能用“及物动词间宾直宾”结构。那么如何将这类动词与其它及物动词区别开呢？瞧！可以先记住这句话：“Dear Miss W（亲爱的W小姐。）”这9个字母分别是9个符合上述用法动词的开头字母。,你能看着Dear Miss W，逐个将这9个动词写出来吗？它们是declare，explain，announce，report，murmur，introduce，say，suggest和 whisper。,为了便于将这些动词与其用法联系在一起，我们可再编一首顺口溜。由于直接宾语多指物，间接宾语多指人，这里我们便有了“待（带）人接物”之说。另外，当直接宾语很长或是个从句时，我们可将其置于后面
6、，这时间接宾语前仍需有介词to。例如：He explained the long difficult sentence to us=He explained to us the long difficult sentence,请记住下面的顺口溜：W小姐真可爱，待人接物很特别，不论人前或人后，总是不忘把to带。,语法专项训练：P107 in Dao Yulian翻译下列各句：,1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。,Mr.Johnson taught us German last year.,2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。,Grandma told me an interesting
7、story last night.,3.Mary把钱包交给校长了。4.请把那本字典递给我好吗？5.他把车票给列车员看。6.这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。,Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.,Would you please pass me the dictionary?,He showed the ticket to the conductor.,This term I have written three letters to my parents.,7.我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。8.Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只
8、小船。9.请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？10.我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？,My father has bought me a new bike.,Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.,Will you please get me a new copy?,Shall I call you a taxi?,11.新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。,The new machine will save you a lot of labour.,Grammar:(P54)Answers to Ex.1:,1.Please try to find that book for me
9、.,2.I would like you to book for us a table by the window.,3.I cant wait to show these photos to my parents.,4.Has Mother left some food for us in the fridge?,5.I forgot to send a birthday card to Alice.,Answers to Ex.2:,1.His mother bought him a computer.,2.Please lend one yuan to me.,3.Please give
10、 me the cheque.,4.Tom asked me to bring him an umbrella.,5.Could you tell me the time?,Answers to Ex.3:,1.This summer my grandpa bought some books for me.,2.This summer my friends sent me short messages.,3.This summer my aunt and uncle brought candy to me.,4.This summer I taught English to my niece.
11、,Grammar:(P126)Answers to Ex.1:,2.My niece taught me to swim.,3.Someone offered me a job at a local recreation club.,4.They paid me 2,000 yuan a month.,5.A customer told me the news that those who are,6.I sent the local sports committee an e-mail,saying that,7.I wrote the National Sports Committee a
12、 letter about the same thing.,8.My mum showed me some pictures of the big modern city.,9.When people asked me the question why I wanted to do this,I answered,10.My coach brought me a bottle of water.,11.My coach gave every team member a swimming-suit.,12.People gave me many prizes.,Suggested answers
13、 to Ex.2:,2.Here,the groom（新郎）has to pay the future father-in-law a big sum of money in order to get his permission.,3.We usually bring the family a wreath(花圈）.,4.We usually buy him or her a gift.,5.Sometimes we buy them green plants or paintings.,Exercises:1.Can you explain _?A.this problem to me B
14、.me this problemC.to me problem D.me problem2.He made a new dress_ his wife and gave it _ her on her birthday.A.to;for B.for;to C.for;for D.to;to,A,B,3.Mr.Smith apologized _ the lady _ what her son had done.A.to;to B.to;for C.for;to D.for;for4.Read the letter and _ him.A.pass it on to B.pass on it t
15、oC.pass it for D.pass it on,B,A,5.Which one is not right?_A.Will you do me a favour?B.Will you do a favour for me?C.Will you do a favour to me?D.Will you do me the favour to help me with my English?6.The little boy wanted to have a book at his birthday present,but the cruel stepmother _ him his request.A.refused B.answered C.gave D.promised,C,A,7.Which of the following is not true?_A.Mr.Wang taught us physics last year.B.Mr.Wang taught our physics last year.C.Mr.Wang taught physics to us last year.D.We were taught physics by Mr.Wang by last year.,B,
