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1、高三英语 陈岩 制作,非谓语动词,1.名称及基本形式,动名词 doing 现在分词 doing 过去分词 done不定式 to do,一.动名词1、基本形式,doing,having done,being done,having been done,2、基本用法,充当成分:主语 宾语 表语 定语,2、基本用法,1.做主语 Getting up early is a good habit.Collecting stamps is my hobby.Its no use crying.注意句型：Its no use/no good/useless doing,动名词作主语表一般的或抽象的多次行为。
2、,Eg:1）Talking is easier than doing.译文:_2)It is no use/good crying over spilt milk.译文:_ _2.作表语，表抽象的一般性行为。My job is teaching.(可互换)Teaching is my job.Our work is _.(为人民服务)。比较：The nurses job is looking after the patients.The nurse is looking after the patients.,说起来容易做起来难,覆水难收,serving the people,3.动名词作宾语
3、,下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest,finish,practise，enjoy,admit，appreciate imagine,consider,miss,mind,avoid,escape,risk cant help,feel like，put off be accustomed to，look forward to insist on doing,object to give up dong,be busy（in）doingpay attention to be/get used to,4.动名词作定语 动名词作定语时，动名词表所修饰词的用途。a swimming pool=a
4、pool for swimming a waiting room=5.动名词的复合结构 his/him/Tom/Toms doing1)你介意我打开门吗？_2）他没到来让我很失望。6.动名词的时态和语态1).The problem is far from _(settle).2).We were praised for _(提前完成任务),Would you mind me/my opening the door?,His not coming made me disappointed.,being settled,having completed the task ahead of time
5、,a room for waiting,二.分词现在分词基本形式,doing,having done,being done,having been done,过去分词,过去分词的形式：done 现在分词和过去分词统称分词，在句中作的 成分是一样的。可充当以下成分:定语 表语 宾补 状语,现在分词表_(语态)和_;过去分词表_ _和_.,主动,进行,被动,完成,1.作定语 _(正在开的)The meeting _(刚刚开过的)is of great _(正要开的)importance.单个分词多放在名词前，短语要后置。On the bed lies a sleeping boy Who is t
6、he boy sleeping on the bed?2.作表语“The story sounds _ _(move)and Im _ _.”Tom said in a _ voice.,being held,held,to be held,moving,moved,moved,3.作补语,1）感官动词 see,hear,find，notice,feel,watch 使役动词 leave,keep catch+sb+doing 撞见某人做（坏事）当场破获 2)现在分词作宾补,形成逻辑上的主谓关系,表示动作在发生或一直进行；过去分词作宾补表示宾语是动作的承受者，表被动。1)Its wrong o
7、f you to leave the machine _(run).2)The guests left most of the dishes _ _(untouch)because they werent delicious.3）The speaker couldnt make himself _.(hear)4)I saw the thief _ _(steal)her money.the old man _ _(knock)down by the car.,running,untouched,heard,stealing,knocked,4.作状语。（时间、原因、条件、让步、结果自然而然的
8、结果、方式、伴随）1)The car was caught in a traffic jam,thus _(cause)the delay.2)_(tell)many times,he still repeated the same mistakes.4)The soldiers lay on the ground,_(cover)with nothing.(伴随)5)more time,I would have worked out the problem(条件).6)_(see)from the hill,the city is small.(时间)_ we can see the cit
9、y clearly.7）(没完成)her work in time,she was fired by the boss.(原因)8),(笑着谈着)they went into the classroom.（方式）归纳总结：分词做状语关键是看该动词与句子主语的关系：主动用现在分词，被动和完成用过去分词。,causing,Having been told,covered,Given,Seen,Seeing,Not having finished,Laughing and talking,独立成分做状语,1）generally speaking_2)judging from/by_;3)compar
10、ed to/with_;4)considering_;5)given/assuming/supposing/providing/providedthat _ _;6)seeing/considering takinginto consideration_ _;,一般说来,由判断,和比较,考虑到,假使，如果,考虑到,with的复合结构,with+名词+,doingto dodone,分词的复合结构独立主格,分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致,如果主语不一致，则要用完整的状语从句或用独立主格结构。构成：名词/代词+分词/adj./adv./prep/to do注意:1)独立主格一般用
11、逗号同句子其他部分分开。2)表时间，天气的it可以省略，如：(It)being Sunday.3)There be 结构的独立主格结构是there being+n.4)with+宾语+宾补 有时也可看做独立主格。1)The weather _(好)，we will go on _(允许的话),outing._(手里拿着书)。2)There _(be)no buses,we had to sit there with_(闭着眼)。3）With_（有这么多问题要解决），the newly-elected president is having a hard time.4)Her grandfather being ill,she had to stay at home looking after him.(讨论),fine,permitting,book in hand,our eyes closed,being,so many problems to settle,Thanks a lot!,
