《大学生英语竞赛作.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学生英语竞赛作.ppt（38页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、大学生英语竞赛题型展示 作文,与平时的其他英语考试不同的是，英语竞赛的写作有两篇作文。第一篇一般是应用文，比如通知、广告、给指定某某人的信等等格式，所以要注意不同应用文的格式，比如开头有没有必要的标题或是称呼，第二篇就是四六级常见的议论文，主要也是与学生生活贴近的话题拿出来讨论，列出自己的观点条理清晰很重要。初赛的写作难度都不高，决赛的写作部分是发挥你英语水平的好时候。,作文,应用文类型,应用文一般会给出一个特定的情景，要求考生根据该情景写一封短信、倡议书或演说词等。应用文涉及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近,主要包括：投诉信、求职信、求学信、拒绝信、道歉信、感谢信、祝贺信、邀请信
2、、求职信、演说辞、倡议书、海报、景点介绍和日程安排等。,一.报告,例1 Directions:You are preparing for a field report,please write it in about 100words with such items as following:the current situation of the equipments your reason and suggestion To:Mr.Zhao Minghua,president of Beijing UniversityFrom:Mr.Li HongJun,Dean of Studies.S
3、ubject:Buying computers and videotape recorders.,Dear Mr.President:Upon the request of the Equipment Division of the university,we have inspected the laboratory of the Physical Department and found its present equipments unsatisfactory to student,particularly to post graduates.Because there are four
4、ty computers in our laboratory,but there are almost ten times the students and 25 percent are postgraduates.The laboratory material is so shortage that the situation have to be improved at once.In order to enhance the effect of experiments,it is hereby recommended that twenty computers and ten video
5、tape recorders be bought and issued to the laboratory.Li HongJun这是一份实地考察报告，要求将所看到的状况实事求是的反映出来。upon the request 表示在的要求下，以request表示要求一般比较正式。postgraduates即研究生,一.报告,二.海报,海报是人们日常生活中极为常见的一种招贴形式，多用于电影、戏曲、比赛、文艺演出等活动。海报中通常要写清楚活动的性质，活动的主办单位、时间、地点等内容。海报的语言要求简明扼要，形式要做到机关报颖美观。海报的格式，通常有三部分组成，即标题、正文与落款。海报的标题对于海报的宣
6、传极为重要。因此标题的撰写昼做到简洁明快，新颖醒目，抓住读者的注意力，海报的标题形式通常有两种：一是直接使用“海报”（Poster）一词；另一种则是根据海报的内容，撰写标题。海报正文是海报的核心部分，它是对海报标题的具体描述。语言要求形象生动，简明扼要。做到既有鼓动性，又不夸大其辞。正文的常见表现形式有：简介说明式，文学描述式，美术设计式。,二.海报,例1 Directions:You are preparing for a friendly Basketball Match.Write a poster which asks for:1)the right form of a standar
7、d poster 2)write the place and time clearly You should write about 100 words.,二.海报,POSTER Friendly Basketball Game There is going to be a friendly and wonderful basketball match between Beijing Forestry University Basketball Team and ours under the auspices of the Recreational and Physical Culture D
8、epartment of the students union of the college.It has been decided that this basketball match will be held at the students activity center which could contain at least 200 people on Saturday,Aug.23rd,2004,at 5:00 p.m.It is expected that the competition between the two teams will be keen and severe.A
9、ll of you are cordially welcome to present the match.The Recreational and Physical Culture Department of the Students Union of the college.Thursday.Aug.21st.2004“由举办”可以用词组“under the auspices of”，另外，注意中英文通知中落款时间书写位置的差别，中文一般写在右下角，英文写在左下角。,三.通知,通知是上级对下级、团体对个人部署工作、传达事情或召开会议时所用的一种文体。同级单位有事情要进行讨论或协商，也可以互发
10、通知。通知分两种：一种是以布告形式，把事情通知有关人员；另一种是以书信形式，把相关事情传达给有关人员。一般说来，通知正文上面正中的地方往往有 Notice 或 NOTICE 一词作为题目，正文的下面是发出通知的单位名称。有时，发出通知单位的名称也可写在正文之前。发出通知的日期一般写在左下角；发出通知的人或单位的名称，可以写在右下角。这两项有时也可以省略。发出通知的单位和通知对象一般都用第三人称，但若正文前用了称呼语，则应用第二人称表示被通知的对象。,例1 Directions:If you are the organizer of a tour and you should give a no
11、tice to tell the tourists something about it.It should include:1)Where is the destination of the tour.2)What should the tourists pay attention to.You should write no less than 100 words.,三.通知,三.通知,NOTICE TO TOURISTS According to the schedule,the touring party will visit the Summer Palace and Tian An
12、men Square today.You can leave your baggage in the Left Baggage Office and pick it up later this afternoon if it is too heavy to carry with you.The receipt of the baggage should be kept carefully because you will need it.We will come to the Summer Palace first and finish the tour at 2 pm.Then we are
13、 going to the destination of Tian Anmen Square without parking.So please dont get off the sightseeing bus during the journey until the driver says that it is time for food and drinks or toilets.Please be on time!*这是一张旅行团张贴的布告，告知游客当天的活动以及注意事项。“行李寄存处”叫Left Baggage Office,这是美国英语。英国人管行李叫luggage，与此相对的,行李
14、寄存处便是Left Luggage Office。领取行李，美语to claim baggage,英国人说to reclaim luggage。旅游车是sightseeing bus或coach.,常用句式常用的起首语有：1）Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969.2)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.3)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.4)Your kind letter of November 22th arrive
15、d this morning.5)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.6)In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say7)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.8)What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!9)It is always a thril
16、l to see your nice handwriting.10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that 14)I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved.15)I wish to apply for teaching
17、 position you are offering.16)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.17)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.,四.信件,四.信件,常用的结束语有：1）Awaiting your good news,2)Looking forward to your early reply,3)Hoping to hear from you soon,4)We await your good news.5)I hope to hear from y
18、ou very soon.6)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.7)I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.8)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.9)Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.10)The help you give me is sincerely valued.11)I hope every
19、thing will be well with you.12)Please let us know if you want more information.13)I hope you always enjoy yourself.14)I wish you very success in the coming year.15)Please remember me to your family.16)With best regards to your family.17)All the best.18)With love and good wishes.,四.信件,结束语（Complimenta
20、ry Close）结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称，只占一行，低于正文一二行，从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机关、团体或不相识的人的信，一般用：Yours(very)truly,Yours(very)faithfully,Yours(very)sincerely，等等。写给上级和长者的信一般可用：Yours(very)respectfully,Yours(very)obediently,Yours gratefully,Yours appreciatively,Your obedient servant,等
21、等。写给同志或同事的信一般可用：Fraternally yours,Comradely yours，等等。写给熟人或朋友的信可用：Yours,Ever yours,Yours affectionately,As ever,Yours sincerely Yours devotedly,(Most)Fondly yours,Yours excitedly,Intimately yours，等等。写给亲属或挚友的信一般用：Yours,Ever yours,Yours as ever,As ever,Yours affectionately,Lovingly yours,(Much)Love,Wit
22、h Love,Lovingly,Your loving son,Your most affectionate,Your devoted friend,Devotedly,等等，意即：“您的”、“永远是您的”、“您的亲爱的”、“您的爱子（孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母）”、“您的挚友”等。写给挚友的信有时也可用：Yours hurriedly,Yours hastily,Yours in haste,等等。写信给挚友，表示歉意时，可用：Contritely yours,Regretfully yours,Yours in(with)regret,Yours in(with)deep remorse
23、等。在欧洲一些国家里，多把Yours 放在 sincerely等词的前面。在美国和加拿大等国，则多用，把 yours 放在 Sincerely 等词之后。Yours 一词有时也可省略。,四.信件,例 1 Directions：Bill got a Doctorate in literature for Tsinghua University.Write a letter to congratulate him.You should write about 100 words and do not need to write the address.Dear Bill,I got the new
24、s from Mike that you have received a Doctorate in literature from Tsinghua University.I congratulate you for this.To have reached this milestone in your scholarship at a young age is really great.It means,I believe,years of assiduous study and hard work on your part.And it is an achievement you can
25、be well proud of.As your best friend,I hope you can reach higher level in your study and do more contribution to the society.My best wishes to you!Sincerely,朋友年轻有为，获得博士学位，应该祝贺。正如信中所说，这一成就是“多年来刻苦学习和努力工作的结果”（years of assiduous study and hard work）。英文有一句成语：No sweet no sweat.世界上不劳有获的事情是没有的。,批评、抱怨、投诉模版Da
26、te:_ Dear:_ My name is _.I am _.I venture to write you a letter about _The focus of the complaint is _ For one thing,_.For another,_ Honestly speaking,_.But _.Besides,_ All in all,there is still much room for improvement.I do hope _.Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely yours(Sign
27、ature),四.信件,Autobiography(自传）,Outline 出生情况（时间、地点、性别）；受教育情况；工作或学习经历；个人成长；将来的追求,Autobiography(自传）,My name is Liu Bao.I was born in Honghu on Feb.14,1965.my father is a worker in a factory producing clothes and shoes.My mother is a middle school teacher.My brother owns a small bookshop near a college.M
28、ost of my family members help hi run the bookshop when we have time!At the age of thirteen,I came to Jingzhou to attend a secondary school.I stayed with my grandmother.For the first time I realized that nowhere is better than home.My grandmothers house is much larger than that of ours and furnished
29、with modern furniture.However,I still miss my parents,brothers and sisters.,Autobiography(自传）,One thing l learned in those days(of leaving away from)home alone is that all parents love their children so much that they even sacrifice their own time to take care of their dear children.I hope I will be
30、 ale to treat my parents well when the grow old.I owe my knowledge to my teacher Miss Lin who made me study hard,especially in English.During the summer vacation,she gave me free tutoring in her house.I learned to read English newspapers and magazines and this opened my eyes to a lot of interesting
31、things.,Autobiography(自传）,I remember my teacher once said that“There is no shortcut in learning anything.”I also learn to write simple letters and exchange correspondence with penpals in foreign countries.Some of them even came to Jingzhou to see me.We read those letters together and had much fun ta
32、lking to each other.I showed them our happy life and was told about their homelands.I believe that this is a good way to promote friendship on a people-to-people basis.,Autobiography(自传）,I began to teach in an institute two years ago,but I soon found that it wouldnt do me much good to continue teach
33、ing,because I had little chance to learn more about the wider world.I dont mind working hard every day but I want to learn more and meet more people.,Application Letter,求职、应征信是用来直接向某一单位（公司）求取一份工作的申请信。它们没有统一的格式，写求职信时要注意以下几点：1）同所有的书信一样，应写得认真、有礼貌，对所求职单位加以褒赞，并表示对该单位的向往之情，希望得到该单位工作；2）应详细介绍自己的情况，包括受教育、专业、
34、工作履历、家庭、婚姻等各方面的情况；3）应写清楚求取工作种类、工作级别，给别人一个考虑选择的机会；,Application Letter,4）应写明自己的联系地址、电话等，最好附上一个已写明邮编、地址的回邮信封，以便对方同你取得联系，并能及时回信；5）如有必要，应随信附上有关的求职、应征材料（如求职推荐信、个人简历、在校时成绩单等），并在信后说明,Application Letter,Dear Sir,I am looking for a position as a full-time secretary in your company.As a graduate with a B.A.in
35、English literature from Jiaxing University,I am able to write letters and reports in English for overseas correspondence and briefing purpose.I would be pleased to render all my past experiences to your company for improving your present business.My references are available and Im ready to send them
36、 to you upon notice.I am looking forward to receiving your reply and query in connection with my background of education.Thank you for your consideration,sincerely yours,Zhang Ming,Dear Sir,If an ability to take direction well,and to carry out orders faithfully,is important to you,then I may be a go
37、od man for the job you advertised in the Today Newspapers of August 15.The job sounds particularly interesting because it is precisely the kind of work I have wanted to do for years.My working experience thus far has I think,give me the attitudes and the understanding that would enable me to learn t
38、he details of the position youve advertised.Id very much appreciate the chance to talk to you,and to get your opinion on whether my background and inclinations would be suitable for the job you offer.I can be reached by telephone at 0717-6395778 sincerely,Zhang Li,Application Letter,议论文,写作框架如下：第一段：现
39、象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点+大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。组成一篇文章的三要素是：结构，内容和语言。对于此类型的文章，同学们是很难在结构上略胜一筹的；至于具体内容，也完全不需要推陈出新，因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由的。所以，如何体现我们的写作能力和文章价值，关键在于文章遣词造句的质量。此类文章的高分原则为：第一，在文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词，来体现逻辑性。第二，用词尽量避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。第三，尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等。,辩论式议论文模版1,Some people
40、believe(argue,recognize,think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me,I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all,论据1.More importantly,论据2.Most important of all,论据3.In summary,总结观点.As a college student,I
41、am supposed to 表决心.或:From above,we can predict that 预测.,There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side,firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned,the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The r
42、easons are obvious.First of all,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences,one is the strongest.That is,论据3。A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。As a college student,I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above,we can predict that 预测.,辩论式议论文模版2,个人观点议论文,Model(1)Nowadays more
43、 and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_.Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending
44、 moneyIn my opinion,I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand,the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards.On the other hand,the second group seems not quite right becau
45、se there are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the spending of money.In a word,we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards.Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.,_
46、 has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world.More and more people tend to concern the _,because it is so _ that _.The advantages of _ are obvious to some people.For one thing,in terms of _,_.As a result,_.Consequently,_.For another thing,_.Personally,I side wi
47、th the former opinion.Because _.However,_.,Model(2),解决方法类议论文,Model(1)If you fail the exam what will you feel?Of course,you will feel Sad because have to go over what you have learned again.Besides this,there are also other reasons for your sorrow.For one thing,you will not allowed to have a further
48、study on this subject,For another,your parents and your teachers will be very disappointed at you.No easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of usingdisposable plastic bags,but if we want to make our environment clean,we must take certain measures.Therefore,my viewpoint is that our gover
49、nment should at first ban the producing of disposable plastic bags There is no doubt that this is the most effective way of solving this problem.,Most of us today recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem.Therefore,we should take some measures to deal with it.From abo
50、ve,we can find that the reasons why credit cards are very popular,are as follows,the primary reason,I think,is that using credit cards is very convenient.For example,you can put lots of money into one card instead of cash.However,you must remember the code of each credit card.Second,if your credit c
