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1、USRP-N210平台结构和使用介绍,北京海曼无限信息技术有限公司Beijing Highmesh Info.Tech.Corp.Ltd.2012年5月5日,介绍内容,软件无线电技术和USRPN210 平台结构UHD和GNU Radio编程和开发指南应用案例（OpenBTS）,2,软件无线电技术和USRP,4,软件无线电,From FCC:“We view software radios as the result of an evolutionary process from purely hardware-based equipment to fully software-based eq
2、uipment.In this regard,the process can be roughly described in three stages1.Hardware driven radios:Transmit frequencies,modulation type and other radio frequency(RF)parameters are determined by hardware and cannot be changed without hardware changes.2.Digital radios:A digital radio performs part of
3、 the signal processing or transmission digitally,but is not programmable in the field3.Software Defined Radios:.All functions,modes and applications can be configured and reconfigured by software.Definition From SDR Forum:SW defines all waveform properties,cryptography and applications,is re-program
4、mable,and may be upgraded in the field with new capabilities,5,理想的软件无线电体系结构,天线,基带（软件部分）,ADCDAC,GPU,6,软件无线电的优点-功能方面,可配置（Re-configurability）增强可能的潜在应用能最优化网络资源便于演进到新的标准多功能设备（Multifunctional devices）可工作在多种模式（Multi-mode）可工作在多个频段（Multi-band）更短的市场投放时间（Shorter time-to-market）更快的提供更有针对性得差异化产品向后的兼容性,7,软件无线电的优点
5、-性能方面,低硬件成本硬件设备可以复用使用更多标准的硬件模块“灵活”的无线软件架构应用复用应用可被移植到不通的硬件平台应用可根据需要灵活调整改善开发生产效率标准的APIs,开放的体系结构第三方应用的即插即用,8,应用-无线电监测,对于传统的无线电监测任务可以有更灵活的解决方案提供对新的智能认知无线电监测的能力。,9,应用-科学研究,认知无线电新的调制解调方法新的通信协议,10,应用-业余无线电台,可配置/可编程多频段/多模式可联网同时收发语音、数据和视频,11,应用-电子战,电子战的最主要的特点是频段宽（几乎复盖整个无线频段），待处理的信号种类多，而且是处有被动接收的条件下工作。而目前的电子战
6、系统往往都是已知的，或者在事先假设的几种信号样式下工作，一旦目标信号的特征或信号的通信方式发生变化，该系统就无能为力了，必须研制开发新的电子战系统来适应变化，这样必然贻误战机。所以研究开发一种工作频段宽，波形适应能力强，可扩展性好，既能适应通信信号，又能适应雷达信号，还能适应导航和敌我识别信号的综合电子战系统是现代信息战的必然要求。软件无线电正好是解决这一问题的最佳途径。,12,应用-雷达/声纳,雷达的种类繁多，每一种雷达用于某一种特殊的用途。不同的雷达其信号叁数不一样，使其功能单一，无法适应在不同的环境下对不同属性的目标进行智能化跟踪探测的需求。而在软件无线电基础上的软件雷达恰是解决这问题的
7、途径,13,软件定义无线电体系结构,频率振荡器,天线,带通滤波器,射频,中频,基带（软件部分）,ADCDAC,FPGADSPCPUGPU,14,体系结构-总体,15,15,User-defined Code,Transmitter,USRP-N210(mother board),PC,体系结构,USRP-N210(mother board),PC,Daughter board,Daughter board,N210平台结构,N210基本情况简介,17,Two 100 MS/s 14-bit analog to digital converters Two 400 MS/s 16-bit dig
8、ital to analog converters Digital down-converters with programmable decimation rates Digital up-converters with programmable interpolation rates,N210基本情况简介,18,Gigabit Ethernet Interface Capable of processing signals up to 100 MHz wide Capable of streaming signals up to 50 MHz wide Modular architectu
9、re supports a wide variety of RF daughter boards,N210基本情况简介,19,Auxiliary analog and digital I/O support complex radio controls such as RSSI and AGC Fully coherent multi-channel systems(MIMO capable)1 MB of on-board high-speed SRAM TCXO Frequency Reference,20,20,User-defined Code,Transmitter,USRP-N21
10、0(mother board),PC,体系结构,USRP-N210(mother board),PC,Daughter board,Daughter board,21,User-defined Code,RF Front end,ADCDAC,ETH,FPGA,RX2400 2.3-2.9 GHz Transceiver50mW output(17dBm)0-70dB GainDirect conversion architectureTransceiver switch,体系结构-硬件,22,User-defined Code,RF Front end,ADCDAC,ETH,FPGA,Spa
11、rtan-3A DSP FPGA XC3D3400AUHD FPGA Firmware in flash,loaded in power-cycleDigital down converters(DDC)implemented with cascaded integrator-comb(CIC)filters,decimator and interpolator,体系结构-硬件,23,体系结构-硬件,24,User-defined Code,RF Front end,ADCDAC,ETH,FPGA,Spartan-3A DSP FPGA XC3D3400AUHD FPGA Firmware i
12、n flash,loaded in power-cycleDigital down converters(DDC)implemented with cascaded integrator-comb(CIC)filters,decimator and interpolator,体系结构-硬件,25,25,Configure（Sampling Rate，Frequency）Based on UHD APIGR-UHD is available in GNU Radio 3.4.0 or higherGNU Radio CompanionCode may be Python，C+,User-defi
13、ned Code,RF Front end,ADCDAC,ETH,FPGA,PC,体系结构-软件,LED指示,26,UHD和GNU Radio,Source CodeC+compilerCMakeBoostPythonCheetahDoxygen（Optional）Docutils（Optional）See：,28,安装 UHD,29,GNU Radio,List of GNU Radio Blocks,30,SourcesConstant sourceSignal sourceNoise sourceNull sourceVector sourceRandom sourceFile sour
14、ceAudio sourceTCP/UDP source,SourcesGLFSR sourceWav File sourceMessage sourcePad sourceVirtual source,31,Signal SinksNull sinksVector sinksFile sinksAudio sinkTCP/UDP sinkWav File sinkMessage sinkPad sinkVirtual Sink,List of GNU Radio Blocks,OperatorsAdd ConstAddSubtractMultiply constantMultiplierDi
15、viderLog functionOrRMS,32,Type ConversionsComplex to ArgComplex to RealComplex to FloatInt to FloatChar to FloatIshort to Complex.,List of GNU Radio Blocks,SynchronizersLevel ControlsFiltersModulatorsError CorrectionGR-UHDWX GUI WidgetsQT GUI Widgets,33,GNU Radio结构,PYTHON,SWIG,GNU Radio C+API,编程和开发指
16、南,35,编程开发方法,GNU Radio Companion Python C+,36,GNU Radio Companion,注：需在安装GNU Radio时成功安装GR-UHD组件,37,UHD in Python,Import modulesConnect,DoxygenInternet,38,UHD C+API,/usr/local/share/doc/uhd/doxygen/index.htm,应用案例（OpenBTS）,40,40,OpenBTSUSRP DriverGSM ProtocolAsterisk,User-defined Code,RF Front end,ADCDAC,ETH,FPGA,PC,体系结构,系统结构,41,运行于计算机上的OpenBTS实际上是由 Transceiver OpenBTS 和Asterisk三部分构成的,介绍完毕 谢谢各位！,
